Farshaxankiisa Makovsky: description, sawir

Artists in lagu daray Ururka Socdaalka Art carwooyin - "Wanderers" - ka tagay raad dhalaalaysa in rinjiyeynta Ruushka ee saddexaad ee ugu danbeysay ee qarnigii XIX ah. Tani waa arrin aad u Ruush ee taariikhda farshaxanka, sida ay feature ugu muhiimsan noqday sooci karo nolosha farshaxanka iyo bulshada labada dhinac ee dalka. Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky biiray Wanderers ee 1972, laba sano ka dib markii la abuuray, oo ahaa mid ka mid ah ka qaybgalayaasha ugu firfircoon. rinjiyeynta Makovsky ayaa ku riyaaqay dareen aad u weyn oo dhan ka talinaysay ee dhaqdhaqaaqa tahay this.

Biography

tiradaasi farshaxanka fiican ee Moscow, ururiyaha, mid ka mid ah aasaasayaasha Moscow School caanka ah ee Rinjiyeynta, Waa naqshad iyo Architecture - Wuxuu ka mid ahaa saddex wiil Egora Ivanovicha Makovskogo ahaa. Labada walaalo ah - Constantine iyo Nicholas - iyo sidoo kale walaashiis of Alexander noqday Ranjiilayaasha, iyo walaashiis kale - Maria - oo gabayaa ahaa. Sida ilmo, mid ka mid ah macalimiinta ahaa caanka Vladimir Vasily Tropinin.

The farshaxankiisa horrayn Makovsky, laga bilaabo Muuqaallo ku sifayn "Wiil iibinta kvas" (1861), qoraal at 15 jir, tusiyey awoodda weyn ee nolosha ku wareegsan dhacdooyinka isaga logu iyo iyaga u gudbaayo shiraac ah. In 1861 wuxuu galay MUZHVZ ah - dugsiga, mid ka mid ah Aasaasayaasha ee uu aabbihiis ahaa. Wuxuu ka qalin la bilad qalin ah, qoondeeyay rinjiyeynta ah "reading Suugaanta" (1865).

farshaxankiisa badan oo Makovsky noqday Dhacdooyin in uu horumarinta hal-abuurka iyo xirfadeed. Waayo, rinjiyeynta ee "wiilasha ridayeen ilaaliyaan fardaha" (1869), in uu helay horyaalka ee "artist fasalka oo ahaa darajadii ugu horeysay," iyo "Lovers of nightingales" (1973) waxaa lagu dalacsiiyay ay Academy of Rinjiyeynta.

Dad badan oo waqti degan ee nolosha ka mid ah hawlaha baridda sayidkiisa. 12 sano ayuu wax ku baray at MUZHVZ - ka 1882 si ay u 1894, iyo 24 sano ee soo socota - at Academy St. Petersburg ee Arts, noqday sanadkii 1895 Raktarka ee School Higher ee Art ee Academy of Arts.

artist caan ku dhintay February 1920 in Petrograd.

"Inaan u ciyaaro ayeeyadaa" (1870)

Farshaxankii guursaday hore, iyo in 1869 uu noqday wiilka ugu horreeya, kuwaas oo markii dambe noqday artist ah - Alexander Makovsky. Vladimir E., kuwaas oo sawiro ayaa horay xiriir sifayn oo kala duwan, tan iyo wakhtigaas badan oo fiiro gaar ah u theme carruurta. Ka mid ah kuwa farshaxankiisa sii daayay uu rinjiyaynta, kaas oo uu ugu horeeyay iibsaday by ururiyaha caanka Pavlom Mihaylovichem Tretyakovym. Waxa uu noqday calaamad u Makovsky aqoonsi final sidii rinjiile ah.

carruurta ridayeen ciyaaro ciyaarta ugu heli karo iyaga. Waxa uu isticmaalaa ayeeyo ah - lafaha yar yar ee xoolaha lafaha - lo'da ama doofaarka. Tani waxay tartan ku saxnaanta: dhagaxyadaas, kaas oo helay macaanka gaar ah (ayeeyo, miisaamaa la lead), dhicin in ciyaaryahanka.

... Hadda wax ugu weyn ee iyaga u - kulan loo siiyo ku hamiday oo dhan. Hal mar u fadhiiso, xoogga dacwadood wax soo saarka, iyo kuwa kale si taxadar leh u sugaya tuuro ee soo socda. Makovsky, kuwaas oo farshaxankiisa waa meticulousness majaalka uu faahfaahin qoyska, sax ah iyo Gudigga nafsi ah. ciyaarta oo dhan uu leeyahay dabeecad, dabeecadiisa. General - kaftan qabow iyo niyad wanaag, xataa dharka saboolnimada lahayn iyo aagga ku wareegsanaa oo duqoobay.

farshaxankiisa Early Makovsky kala dareenka xad-dhaaf ah u faahfaahsan, mararka qaarkood ka hortagtaa aragti guud. In mustaqbalka, burush rinjiile ee qaadataa badan oo xorriyad, iyo palette uu noqon doono more adag, sidaas ka fogaanaya variegation qaar ka mid ah soo jireenka ah, gaar ahaan, waxaan ku baaro sawirka.

"Lovers of Nightingales" (1873)

rinjiyeynta Tani waxay ka wakiil tahay Ruush ee Exhibition adduunka ee Vienna, halkaas oo uu ku abaal badan oo dareenka ka dhagaystayaasha.

Ka baxsan suuqa kala waxaa laga maqlay warble ku Nightingale, iyo saddex yaroow goortuu maqlay, kalagoynta uu iidda nemudrenyh. Mid ka mid ah, taagan, istaagay, raadinayaa uu furmo suuqa, isku dayayaan in ay baadhaan Birdie yar. Second, si cad ugu cabteen ayaa ka badan oo saaxiibada uu, stroke timireed tiriyaa song Nightingale lilt. Saddexaad, ugu la taaban karo, oo uu dhagaysto fikirayno jartaan gadhka. Halkan, wax kasta waxaa ka buuxa nolosha iyo dhawaaqa: iftiinka uga furmo suuqa, keenayo iyo baaqyada jilayaasha, samovar a dheri-bellied kulul, fudud, laakiin "dhadhan fiican" rinji ah weli nolosha.

Loo yaqaan dib u eegis ku saabsan sawirka of Dostoevsky weyn, amaanay sawirka xilka wanaagga iyo dareenka ninka caadiga ah, kuwaas oo aan keliya Ruush lahaa, laakiin sidoo kale baaxadda aadanaha.

"Waxay canbaareeyeen" (1879)

Tartiib tartiib, maadooyinka farshaxanka badiyay farshaxankiisa hore kaftan soo jireenka ah iyo dabeecada kajan ah jilayaasha. Difaan bartaan riwaayadaha iyo madmadowga. Kuwaas waxaa jira xoogaa fursado ah, waayo, rinjiyeynta muujinayay in lahaanshada kuwaas oo qaatay Jidka halganka kacaan, iyo habdhaqanka tirokoobyada wakiilada sida ee ceegaagta kala duwan oo ka mid ah dadka Ruush.

A wehel hubeysan nin dhallinyaro saaro maxkamadda. At bixitaanka filan qaraabadiisa, oo ay ku jiraan hooyadiis, ama aabbihiis, ama gabar dhalinyaro ah iyo nin waayeel ah. Sida muuqata, ninkii ka soo jeedo ee yaroow ama saboolka ah ee magaalooyinka. Uu aroosadda oo aabbeheed yihiin fasalka more barwaaqo. artist ma muujiyaan niyad samida muuqata in ay ku caddayn, aan naxariis muuqda isaga iyo dadka kale. qaylyi gacmaheeda imploringly hooyadiis, oo uu ina waaninaya, aabbahaa waa inconsolably qaylinaya - Waxa uu keenay uu ku dhow hal dhibaato.

Oo isagu ma uu fiirin aanu kacaan shahiid geesi Usamir siday waayo, dadka. In uu view - shakiyeen la'aan iyo xukun ay sax. Makovsky, kuwaas oo farshaxankiisa - milicsiga sax ah oo jirta dabeecadaha bulshada, waxay muujinaysaa isbedelka ee la xiriirta hababka halganka ka dhanka ah amarka jira, kaas oo billaabeen xisbiyada xagjirka ah iyo dhaqdhaqaaq la mid ah "Narodnaya Volya".

"Kulmay Jhoti" (1883kii)

Carruurta - mawduuc ku saabsan oo uu inta badan ka shaqeeyay Makovsky. Vladimir E., kuwaas oo sawir hore - milicsiga ah childlike, maxfalka bilowgii nolosha cusub ee mustaqbalka uu ka hadlaayo kala duwan, dhinacyada carruurnimada badanaa weyn ee casriga ah Russia.

"Dunida" waxaa loo sameeyey in carruurta la siiyo qoysaska saboolka ah. Ilmuhu inta badan noqdaan addoonkaaga yaraa ama arday shaqo muxaafidka. Qaadashada ka ciidankii oo Risqi ah ugu gataan, iyo hoy aan saldhigan, carruurta joojiyaan in ay noqon culays qoyska, badiyay cosiness qoys oo hore bislaada. Jidka Tani waxa ay ahayd gaar ahaan caadi ah oo la yaqaan qoysaska soo ridayeen siiyey wiil ee adeegga ee magaalada.

Waxaa ku saabsan masiirka ilmaha sheegayaa Makovsky. Description of sawirka qaadan kartaa wax badan oo ka mid ah bogagga, laakiin on shiraac ah characters kaliya labo. naag ridayeen A ayaa ka yimaadeen meel fog wax yar gunti iyo dhegi uu gacanta ku. Waxay keeneen iyada maahane ina farxin ilmahaaga. Haweenay la nixi eegaya wiilka caga cad, dhar dufan wasakh ah - sida iska cad, waxa ka shaqeeya dukaan qaar ka mid ah oo helay dhowr daqiiqo ee waqtiga lacag la'aan ah kulan la hooyadeed.

style Rinjiyeynta ee artist ah, sidoo kale, ayaa isbedelay - ma jiraan wax image faahfaahsan oo si taxadir leh barbaro faahfaahin, oo maaweeliya oo burburiyo. midabka Shadow ma aha hadal ah oo farxad taariikhda daqiiqad, iyo niyadda u daran bandhigeen carruurnimada lumay.

"On Boulevard ah" (1886)

Makovsky waxaa inta badan uu sheegay in asturidda daqiiqado yar artist ee, taas oo aad leedahay waqti si uu kuu sheego waxa qoraaga qaadan kartaa bogagga badan. In 1880, sayidkayga ayaa gaaray xirfad ugu sareeya ee samaynta kuwaas oo farshaxankiisa, sheekooyin gaagaaban. Mid ka mid ah kuwan danbow iyo farshaxanka rinjiyeynta, iyo content waa rinjiyeynta ah "On Boulevard ah." Muddadan, farshaxankiisa V. E. Makovskogo ku jira laba kaliya characters, laakiin sidoo kale ay la'aanta falanqayn qoto-dheer oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka bulsho ee Joogaba weyn.

na hor waa sheeko yar oo ku saabsan jab weyn ee nolosha qoyska dhallinyarada ah. Waxa ay u muuqataa in ay ka tuulada halkaas oo diyaar u ah inay ku noolaadaan sida waalidkaa, in shaqada ee caadiga ah iyo farxadaha jidka ridayeen nolosha yimid. Laakiin iyada iyo ninkeeda waxaa la soo sawiray in magaalada ay ka shaqeeyaan a, "oo qurux badan" iyo nolol cusub oo xiiso leh. Oo wakhtigii qaar ka mid ah ka dib markii xaaskiisa u yimid si ay ninkeeda soo booqan. Hadda waxay ku nahay shisheeyayaal. Waxa uu u suurtagashay in ay la Tagnana waan ilaa ruuxa magaalada - si taxadar leh u daawado muuqaalka, in gacmaha qalab muusiik yar - waxaa iska cad in uu jecel yahay ugu nolosha magaalada.

Iyadu waa arrin yar yar, laakiin waxa ay durbaba ogyahay in ay ka filan karto mustaqbalka, halkaas oo ay ku arko rajo buuxda. Laga soo bilaabo tan Vladimir Makovsky iyo neefsanayo murugo, waa nooc ka mid ah qaab iyo jilidda riwaayadaha gaarka ah laba qof oo dhalinyaro ah, oo muujineysa baaxadda dhibaatada qaranka ee burburinta habka caadiga ah ee nolosha, taas oo la dhisay qarniyo badan iyo hadda la baabbi'iyey horumarinta xarumaha warshadaha.

oo dhaxalkaygiina

Vladimir E. Waxaa naga go`nayd shaqo wayn iyo fecundity hal abuur leh. Natiijada sannado badan oo shuqulkiisii uu noqday encyclopedia dhab ah oo ka mid ah ifafaale ugu caan nolosha Ruush ee Warega of qarnigii. Waxa uu ka hadlay mawduucyada tirada oo dhan - laga bilaabo goobaha maalin kasta si ay tallaabo siyaasadeed mass - oo lagu fulinayo leh xirfadaha farshaxanka dhab ah.

Taariikhyahanadu note tahay qoyska in dhamaadka nolosha V. Makovsky noqday taageere ka mid ah views dheeraad ah muxaafidka ku saabsan horumarinta rinjiyeynta, fikrad xun xagga raadinta mawduucyada cusub iyo hab ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada. Laakiin baaxadda tirada this farshaxanka Ruush ka ay taasi ma noqon yar.