Sistine Chapel - waa ... Chapel Sistine ee Vatican-ka

Chapel - kaniisad yar yar, ka go'an in ay xubno ka mid ah qoyska ka mid ah, dadka deggan qalcaddii ama madaxtooyada. Afka Ruushka erayga "cibaadaysiga" waxaa mararka qaarkood loo tarjumay sida "cibaadaysiga", laakiin tani waxay gebi run ma aha. In goobta cibaadaysiga ma jiro meesha allabariga, sacraments waxaa ka mid ah in aan la fulin karo. Iyadoo cibaadaysiga waa kaniisad buuxa leh sifooyinka oo dhan. Sistine Chapel The ee Vatican-ka - dhismayaasha ugu caansan noocan ah.

History of abuurka

Sistine Chapel waxa la dhisay 1475-1483 sano by amar Pope Sixtus IV ee, oo magiciisa la dhalo ilaa maantadan la joogo. pontiff Tani waxa ay ahayd tirada la qiyaasi karin. Dhinaca mid, inta lagu guda jiro boqornimadiisa musuqmaasuq baahsan iyo laaluush, waa markii la soo bandhigay oo ay ka aarguda, iyo ugu horeysay dadweynaha gubashadii of kufaar ah.

Dhinaca kale, waxa ay caan ku tahay isagoo dhiirigelinayaa horumarka sayniska iyo farshaxanka. Waxa uu u dhaqaaqay degenaanshaha le'daan ee Vatican City iyo sameeyey badan ee dib u soo celinta iyo hagaajinta of Rome. On uu initiative, ayaa laga helay maktabadda iyo museum ugu horraysay ee dunida oo dhan, oo wuxuu dhisay Sistine Chapel ah, waayo, xafladaha ugu muhiimsan ee Church Catholic ah. Halkaa marka ay marayso, iyo hadda si conclave ee culimada doorashada ee Pope ka.

Xalka naqshadda

In awoodaha qarnigii XV u dhexeeya diinta iyo xukuumadda cilmaaniga ah aan la si buuxda u soocay, mararka qaar isku dhacyo hubeysan. Ka sokow parishioners caadiga ah, wado cashuur deh sare xad-dhaaf ah, mararka qaarkood ay dhicin si ay u muujiyaan iyada cadho bayaan. Marka tan la eego, Popes ay doonayeen in ay hoy u gaar ah ee Vatican, halkaas oo ay ku qaadan karto Magangal uu maxkamadda in times qasan oo aan la hubin.

In marsada this at codsiga of Sixtus IV, oo waxay noqdeen Chapel Sistine ah. Tani dhismaha ka baxsan waxay ahayd in ay qaataan qaab qalcaddayda ah, iyo Qurxinta gudaha in ay xoogga saaraan ku weynaantaada iyo xooggii Papacy ah.

Si loo xaliyo dhibaatooyinkan, waxaan lagu casuumay dhise dhalinyaro ah oo ka Florence Dzhovanni De Dolci. Oo isagu wuxuu dhisay ee dhismaha muuqaalka u eg goobtii ah, iyo garaysan shaqada gudaha on barbaro rijiyeeyay.

Sistine Chapel - waa dhisme yar (la meel wadarta 520 m²), qaab qaab, iyadoo sare (height 21 m) vaulted saqafka. Joogaba, Its, sida ay Sixtus IV ah, eg Joogaba, halyeeyga macbudka Sulaymaan ugu horeysay Yeruusaalem macbudka.

decoration arimaha gudaha

In 1480 Sixtus IV casuumay ee ugu caansan ee ka dambeeya waqtiga si ay u abuuraan rijiyeeyay. Waxaan ka qayb galay shaqo ee Sandro Botticelli, Domenico Girlondayo, Luca Signorelli, Pietro Perugino iyo Pinturiko dhallinyarada.

Laba sano ku qaatay artist si rinjiga darbiyada goobta cibaadaysiga. heerka Dhexe qaaday sawirada goobaha laga nolosha Muuse iyo Ciise Masiix. In tier sare, meelaha u dhexeeya daaqadaha, waxay ahaayeen Wehbe oo ka mid ah popes ugu horeysay ka St. Peter in Marcellus I. heerka hoose ee dhaqanka ayaa laga soo laalaadeen for pontiff regalia.

meesha allabariga kor ku xusan waa shuqulkii fresco Perugino "waseeqeeyay of Mary". Saqafka waxaa loo sharraxay star-ka buuxsamay samada. xubno Kuwan waxaa loo yaqaan noo kaliya ee sharraxaadaha, t. Si aad. dhowr dib helitaanka goobta cibaadaysiga ka dib, ay bedelay frescoes by Michelangelo.

Nal daaha leh ee Chapel Sistine ah by Michelangelo

Bilowga ee qarnigii XVI on Chapel Sistine ah polotke crack a in waddaa weheliyaan oo dhererkiisu dhan. Pope Julius II amray in ay iyada ku daboolaan oo sheegay Michelangelo, oo u shaqeeyn jiray waqtigan ka badan Sidaana ee xabaashii of pontiff mustaqbalka, daboolo saqafka la frescoes.

Michelangelo Buonarroti, kaasoo ku dhashay sannadkii Share ee Chapel Sistine ah (1475), ee 1508th ay horey u ahaa sculptor caan ah. Laakiin rinjiyeynta taariikhi ahayd wax aan la aqoon isaga. Waxa uu isku dayay in uu ugu fiican in ay ka fogaadaan shaqada this, laakiin Julius II ahaa awoodaan in ay ku adkeyso on isaga u gaar ah. Sidaas, aad u hesho eegno dhammeeyayna ay caan Sistine Chapel. Description, taariikhda abuurista frescoes ayaa la kulma ee cilmi-baarista iyo qarniyo badan ee taariikhyahanadu tahay.

Qaybta dhexe ee saqafka ka qaaday 9 Muuqaallo isku xigta ee Axdiga Hore, iyaga ka mid ah "Flood The", "Fall", abuurista goobta oo ka mid ah aadanuhu ugu horeysay (Aadan iyo Xaawo), iyo kuwa kale. Dhinacyada wareega qoraaga of frescoes kuwaas oo nebiyadii oo sibyls, lagu sawiray iyo dhinacyadiisa ku xafiiltamaan ee - horseed u ah Ciise Masiix. In ka badan 300 characters tusay, kaas oo weli ku jira si ay u qabsadaan, awoodeeda iyo quruxda jidhka ah.

Cilmi weli ma iman karo si fasiraad aan shaki ah sawiradaan. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka aragtid sida fasiraad gaar ah oo Kitaabka Quduuska ah, halka kuwo kale - fasiraadda cusub ee jilayaasha dantevskoy "Ilaahnimadu Comedy", iyo kuwa kale waxaa lagu qanciyay in Michelangelo soo bandhigay ee marxaladaha kala duwan ee jiirta aadanaha dembiga ka gobolka ee tatanizma stage heer hoose iyo si kaamil ah rabaani ah.

fresco The "Qiyaame The Last"

22 Years ka dib Michelangelo dib casuumay in ay ka shaqeeyaan decoration ee Chapel Sistine ah. In 1534, Pope Clement VII isaga u wakiishay in rinjiga derbiga meesha allabariga kor ku xusan. Natiijada waxa ay aheyd fresco ah "Qiyaame The Last", taas oo dhaleecayn u yeedhay mid ka mid ah ugu hami taariikhda tahay dunida.

Wakhtigan, artist ayaa lagu sawiray qof daciif ah iyo ciirsi in wejiga musiibada dhaw. From aaminsan hore ee weynaantaada iyo quruxda dadka ahaa jiheysteen. In goobta "Qiyaame" No nolosha-adkaynaya ama qof lagu naalloon karo.

In xarunta la dhigayaa by Ciise. Laakiin wejigiisa ayaa u jeeday kartana kaymo. Gacmihiisu dhegtay in ciqaabta tilmaam. Wajiga rasuulladii, Masiixa isku wareejiyeen on dhinacyada oo dhan, sidoo kale, waxaa ka buuxa xanaaq. In gacmahooda ayay qaban alaabtii muusikada oo jirdil aan sidoo Tanina waxaa sharka leh u sujuuda iyaga ka hor.

Dabayaaqadii farshaxankiisa dorisovki oo camal dib u soo celinta

Sistine Chapel - waa taallo ugu weyn in ay tahay taariikhi ah Renaissance ah. Laakiin beddelka dambe iyo sawiro dheeraad ah tahay cadaymo taariikhi ah oo muhiim ah.

Muuqaal "Maalinta Qiyaame" la daraasiin jidhkooda qaawan bilowgaba loo arkayey kirishtaan xarfaha hore. Waxaa la og yahay in Pope Paul IV amray in ardayga Michelangelo - de Volterra daboosho qaybaha gaarka loo leeyahay muujiyay tirokoobyada ku gadaaman, iyo Clement VIII oo dhan ku amray in la burburiyo fresco ah. Save ay ahayd oo kaliya iyada oo loo marayo shafeeca ah fanaaniinta. Isku dayo la sameeyey dhar in qarniyo XVII-XVIII dhammeeyo.

Sidaas darteed, markii dhammaadkii qarnigii XX ah, koox ka mid ah khubarada ayaa ku soo bilowday shaqada dib u soo celinta hortooda ku taagnaa dhibaato halis ah - kaas oo version aad rabto in aad soo celin rinjiyeynta ah. Waxaa la go'aansaday - tago daahyada, inay ku dhameystaan de Voltaire dhamaadka qarnigii XVI ka, iyo isbedel kale in meesha laga saaro.

Ka dib nadiifinta ee frescoes danbas iyo boodh, waxay mar kale iftiimisay midabo dhalaalaya. Tani waxay ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah si ay u arkaan image ee foomka, taas oo iyagu waxay ku qoran by sayid weyn ee Renaissance ah.

Jawaabay su'aasha, waxa goobta cibaadaysiga a, waa in aan ku xuso in loo isticmaalo ma aha oo kaliya in ay tixraac dhismeedka diinta. Chapel meesha ee cathedral ee, loo yaqaan halkaas oo hees, music ama gabay galidoonaan fulinaya music xurmada leh, ama xitaa hay'ad muusikada xirfadeed sida Capella ee Waxbarashada (St. Petersburg, Moika, 20).