Diesel tareen Russia. tareen oo cusub, sawiro iyo caddaymaha

gaadiidka Tareenka - taasi waa mid ka mid ah ugu sahlan oo la awoodi karo aaladahooda wax lagu qaado, loo isticmaalo by malaayiin dad ah. On dhulka ee Ruushka ay sabab u tahay awoodaha ee tareenka ayaa lagu fuliyaa maalin kasta kun oo gaadiidka rakaabka iyo cargoes kala duwan labadaba. horumarka tiknoolijiyada casriga ah ogolaanaya kordhiyo dadaalka tractive ah tareen, oon bixinta heer sare ah tayada iyo xawaaraha gaadiidka. Sidaa darteed tareen Russia waa in ay si gaar ah taxader leh uga fikirtaan, si loo fahmo faa'iidooyinka iyo sifooyinka farsamo.

Taariikhda Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee

The ugu horeysay mashaariic farsamo tareen on meelaha furan u muuqday goor Aroor ah ee qarniga 20aad. tareen Diesel Russia waagaas ayaa la "dhashay" ee 1905, si ay injineer iyo Colonel Kuznetsov Odintsov, oo waxay ahaayeen Horseedka ee bulshada farsamo mahad, oo gashanno hubka soo bandhigay warbixin ku saabsan tareenka ee standalone la engine tamardhac.

In 1930, siiyey horumarinta injineernimada farsamada, ayaa bilaabay takhasusay diyaarinta-teplovoznikov ee Moscow korontada machadka. Horeba tan iyo 1950 tareen arrinta abaabulay on qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu weyn ee mashiinka-dhisidda.

dirka ugu weyn ee

Russia oo tareen dunida waxaa lagu kala ku salaysan sifooyinka dhowr.

Sidaas daraaddeed, sidii hawshoodu jiro kala qeybinta ah oo ku saabsan:

• Rakaabka.
• Shunting.
• Freight.
• Universal.
• Warshadaha.
• Bandhigyada noocyo kala duwan oo shaqo.

Sidoo kale kala saaro tareen iyo alaabtii bestelezhechnogo nooca. Waxay leeyihiin kala duwan oo ka mid ah cutubyo iyo tirada qaybaha kaas oo noqon kara mid ka mid ah, ama dhowr.

Mabda'a hawlgalka iyo xubno ka design aasaasiga ah

tareen Diesel Russia (dhab ahaantii, sida inta kale ee dunida) ka shaqaynaynaa sida mabda'a aasaasi ah. engine The naaftada ah qalabka gaadiidka, kuwaas oo kuweeda tamarta kiimikada dhaca waqtiga sari ee shidaalka galay tamarta si farsamaysan - wareeg ee crankshaft ah, taas oo iyana diray via wareeg jar waxaa si toos ah lagu kala qaado si wheel uu leeyahay labo-labo. Nuqdada muhiimka ah waa in ay u baahan tahay iskaashi sifooyinka tareenka naaftada cad oo toos ah. Ujeedada this, barnaamijyada iyo gaar ah la abuuray in loo oggol yahay inay shaqeeyaan tareen.

The unugyada waaweyn ee tareenka waa: jir ah, jidh, engine naaftada ah, gudbinta, jiifku, nidaamka kala jejebiyey, qalab Autocoupling. Waxaa ka mid ah qalabka kaabayaal muuqato; nidaamka qaboojinta, habka bakhtiinta dabka naaftada sahayda hawada, qalabka korontada.

Noocyada qalabka loo isticmaalo tareen

Tareenka gaadiidka ee Russia ka shaqeeya oo ku saleysan oo ka mid ah barnaamijyada soo socda, kuwaas oo:

• Korontada.
• Haydarooliga.
• Hydromechanical.
• Farsamo.

Haddii aan ka hadlo gudbinta farsamo, waa in lagu tilmaamay in uu hufnaan ku filan sare ah, miisaanka yar yahay, hufnaan dayactirka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira la'aanta waxaa ka mid ah, iyo in uu yahay in dhacdo lama huraanka ahaa ee jerks waqtiga isbedel marsho.

gudbinta korontada siisaa saxayo sii badan siman ee xawaaraha tareenka, laakiin waxa uu leeyahay miisaan weyn iyo qiimaha sare ee qaybaha.

The gudbinta xawaaraha ugu xidh nidaaminaya - Haydarooliga. Laakiin waxaa aad u adag oo ku saabsan nadaafadda ah ee dareeraha ah ka shaqeeya, iyo tayada ay dayactir, in kastoo khayraadka ay shaqo marar badan analoogga more Mehnichesky.

qaybo farsamo for tareen

Just sida habsami u dhaqaaqi doono tareenka oo ku saabsan kuwan raadkaygay ku xiran design ee ay gaari-dhisidda (makaanikada) qaybo, oo ay ku jiraan: tarooli la nooc wheel, sanduuqyada dariiq dhexaad ilo (waxay ku yaalaan jir ugu muhiimsan), jidhka (heysta qalabka haray oo dhan).

Labada ciyaaryahan Wheel ee tareen laga yaabaa in lagu wadidda (driving) iyo Muller (bannaan). gaadiidka Tareenka ee Russia hadda inta badan isticmaalaa labo ka mid ah giraangiraha wadista.

Tareennada Ruush Modern

In jeesatay dhinaca dhaqaalaha daran hadda tababar Tareennada ka ciyaaraan door muhiim ah buuxinta miisaaniyadda gobolka. Marka la eego xaqiiqda, saarayaasha qalabka waxaa dadaal kasta si ay u hagaajiyaan ay ku oolnimada iyo in la yareeyo kharashka. Sidaas daraaddeed, geedka mashiinka-dhismaha Bryansk 2015 tareen oo cusub 2TE25KM la abuuray. model Tani waxay bixisaa kordhiyo mass ee tareenada gaadiid, yaraynta waxqabadkooda hawl. Injineerada ay awoodaan in ay si weyn u kordhiyo heerka isticmaalka engine naaftada. Xaaladdan oo kale, qol darawalka ee waa sida waafaqsan dhammaan heerarka caalamiga ah ee raaxada iyo amaanka. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa nidaamka ilaalinta sida dadban in loogu kalsoonaan karo dhaawac ka ilaalin kara markabka tareenka haddii ay dhacdo shil shil. Waxaa kaloo jira nadaam hawada-conditioning ah. kululeeyaha madax banaan Gaarka ah maraysa hawada si heer kulka ah ayaa doonay, haddii loo baahdo.

Si loo wanaajiyo raaxada ah shaqaalaha kuwaas oo tareen oo cusub waxay leeyihiin qalab gariirka-Esplanaden oo ku saleysan. Oo aad u kordhay heerka ergonomics cab. Dhammaan qaybaha waaweyn si fudud loo heli karaa dayactirka. Dhab ahaantii Tani si weyn hoos ugu dhigi kartaa ka maqnaa ee saldhig tareenka waqtiga ay dayactirka la qorsheeyey ama kormeerka joogtada ah inta lagu jiro safarka.

At 2TE25KM soo bandhigidda, kaas oo ka dhacay April 2015, ka soo qayb galay madaxa Ruush Tareennada Yakunin, Madaxweynaha "Transmashholding" Bokarev, iyo. ku saabsan. Gudoomiyaha Gobolka Bryansk ku Bogomaz.

Wax soo saarka ee gaadiidka tareenka

In tareenada guud Tareennada bixiyaan oo ku saabsan 80% ee dakhli guud iyo in ka badan 40% ka mid ah gaadiidka rakaabka, labadaba magaalada hareeraheeda iyo isgaarsiinta dheeraad ah.

waxqabadka sare Kuwani taageeray by faa'iidooyinka gaadiidka tareenka, kuwaas oo ah sida soo socda:

• capacity High.
• tayada gaadiidka bulk fog.
• Halaynta iyo ammaanka.
• kharashka yar ee shixnadaha.
• waxyeellada ugu Hooseeya ee deegaanka iyo jawiga.

isbeddellada horumarinta suuqa

injineernimada Ruush Modern in wajiga oo ka mid ah soo saarayaasha keentay halkii si firfircoon horumarinta suuqyada cusub, in dalal badan oo kala duwan oo dunida ku soo diraya badeecada. Xaaladdan oo kale, sifooyinka farsamo ee alaabta cusub gudaheedana sinaba uma ay liita dhiggooda shisheeye. Tixgeli si faahfaahsan model naaftada cusub ee article wuxuu noqon karaa in sawirka. Diesel tareen Russia, soo saaray "Transmashholding" kor ku xusan, hadda si firfircoon uga fulin iyo in wadamada Asia sida Uzbekistan. Sida uu noqon doono gaar ahaan tareen gacan ka haysta fulinta oo baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah barnaamijyada loogu talagalay casriyeynta ee gaadiidka tareenka this dalka Central Asian.

Gebogebadii, waxa la ogaadaa laga yaabaa in horumarka gaadiidka tareenada noqon doonaa firfircoon. The kor ku tilmaamay faa'iidooyinka ay si cad u tilmaamaya macquulsan ee lacagta maalgashi ee horumarinta iyo hirgelinta ku dhaqanka ee tareen oo cusub, oo awood u leh fulinta hawlaha loo xilsaaray iyaga in cimilo kasta iyo xaaladaha cimilada.