Nuxurka of talisnimada ee xisbiga. Features of nidaam siyaasadeed iyo kaligii talisnimada ee xisbiga

Waa maxay nuxurka talisnimada ee xisbiga? In gobolka halkaas oo urur siyaasadeed doonaya awood shakhsi, waxa uu uga takhalusi xafiiltamaan oo dhan iyo coalesces la hay'adaha dawladda. Tusaale ahaan ugu duwanyihiin amarka noocaas ah waa Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Tusaale ka mid ah Bolsheviks ah

Si loo fahmo nuxurka talisnimada ee xisbiga, ka fiirso tusaale ahaan xisbiga Bolshevik si faahfaahsan, u yimid inuu awood Russia ee 1917. Hoggaamiyeyaasha RSDLP ah (b) Eebase ma aha in la tixgeliyo by horjeeda. Marka waxaa jiray Kacaanka Oktoobar, qayb ka mid ah bulshada ayaa weli ku kaydsadaa dhalanteed ah in Lenin iyo jaalayaashooda uu abaabulay shaqo ee Golaha Wakiillada. jirka waxaa loo isticmaalaya geedi socodka dimoqraadiyada si loo ogaado mustaqbalka siyaasadeed ee Russia.

Golaha Degaannada ayaa ka soo shaqeeyay hal maalin oo kaliya. Waxaa ka mid ma aha oo kaliya Bolsheviks ah, laakiin sidoo kale SRS. Waxay sidoo kale lagu qabtay views bidix, laakiin is afgaranwaa la Lenin arrimaha qaar ka mid ah mabda '. Gaar ahaan, SRS ay diideen in ay aqoonsadaan ah amarrada koowaad ee xoogga Soviet. cod aqlabiyad ah Golaha Wakiillada loo doortay guddoomiyaha wakiil ee Victor Chernov.

Marka RSDLP ah (b) ay ogaadaan in maamulka cusub uu noqdo mucaaradka, waxaa la go'aamiyay in in kasta oo ay ahayd in overclock. maamulka Pre mamnuucday qabashada mudaharaadyo ah ee Petrograd. ku xigeenadiisa ayaa laga saaray qolka maalinta ku xigta ka dib markii bilaabaan shaqada. goobta Tani waxay caan weedha ah "askartu waa daal." Sida saxda ah ilaalinta dooday xiritaanka ku meel gaar ah Palace Tauride ah, kursiga baarlamaanka.

cabsi gobolka

Later u caddaatay in Golaha Wakiillada la gabi ahaanba la Firdhiyey. dadka deegaanka Petrograd qabtay dhowr mudaharaadyo iyo dibad-baxyada lagu taageerayo jidhka wakiil. Labada la toogtay qaybo ka mid ah Riflemen Latvia. Ayaa lagu dilay, sida lagu sheegay qiyaaso kala duwan, ka soo 8 ilaa 20 qof.

In this lagu muujiyey nuxurka musiibadii ee kaligii talisnimada ee xisbiga. Bolsheviks The ma doonayaan in ay la wadaagaan awooda iyo intii raalliga ahayd inuu baabbi'iyo oo dhan oo uu soo horjeeda. Terror - mabda'a ah in uu yahay muhiim ah marka ay timaado xafladayso kaligii qabtay awoodda gobol kasta.

Ban on dood

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xitaa ka dib markii firdhinta ee Golaha Wakiillada, qaar ka mid ah xisbiyada siyaasadeed Ruush duurka joogeen sharci. Waxay noqon kartaa tartamaya halis ah Bolsheviks ee halganka ra'yiga dadweynaha. Waxa ay ahayd Mensheviks iyo SRS. In jidka RSDLP ah (b) iyaga looga wada baabbi'iyo mar kale shaaca ka qaaday nuxurka kaligii xisbiga.

Marka SRS iyo Mensheviks ahaa jidka keliya ee aan milatari ahayn si ay u yimaadaan awood. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen talooyin. maydadka waxay ku galay qoraalka teebka, stamps votes lagama maarmaan u soo jeestay. talisnimada ee proletariat ahaa xisbiga mamnuuc ahayd dood kasta, haddii go'aanka hore loo qaaday "dabaqa sare" Guddiga Dhexe.

soo horjeeda Bolshevik si guul-aad loo doortay in ay Soofiyeedku waxay bilaabeen inay beddelaan niyadda. Xaaladda for Lenin iyo taageerayaashiisa noqday nin aad u gariir. Xaaladda ayaa weli ahayd xun sababtoo ah Communists ay gacanta ku Petrograd iyo Moscow oo kaliya, halka dalka intiisa badan ee dalka dhaqdhaqaaqa White ay shaqaynayeen.

Biirtay xisbiga gobolka

In May 1918, marka la barbar dhigo Zinoviev Talooyin ka House of Eebayaal ee Baarlamaanka Ingiriiska. Doorto meydadka wakiilka ka bixin gacanta ugu Bolsheviks ah. Marka tan la eego, madaxda sare ee xisbigu go'aansaday inuu maanta la-galleen. In guga ee 1918 ayaa la xiray hoggaamiyayaasha Golaha Wakiilada, kaas oo inta badan isku halleeyeen mucaaradka.

Dhanka kale, habka of tallaabadaas hay'adaha gobolka ee xisbiga. Dadka Commissariat Difaaca iyo Council ee Commissars Dadka, daacad ahaayeen Bolshevik. xubnaha xisbiga sii kordheysa qayb ka mid ah xafiisyada iyo Magac-noqday. By 1920, markii IX Congress of RCP ah (b), Golaha ka heli doontaa kasta labaad Bolshevik (oo dhan ururka, waxaa jiray 98% tirada guud ee ku-xigeen). Oo kaliya xubin kasta toban meelood ee xisbiga shaqeeyay in wax soo saarka.

Lagaga adeegyada ammaanka

In mustaqbalka, nuxurka talisnimada ee Xisbiga 1920 waxay ahayd in ay isticmaalaan adeegyada gaarka ah iyo qalab ay cadaadis. Bolsheviks ee awooda in jirey Cheka. walaac weyn ee KGB ee ahaa Mensheviks iyo SRS. network weyn basaasiinta ah ayaa loo abuuray. At denunciation kasta mucaaradka ururiyey iyo aflagaado ah oo muhiim ah.

talisnimada ee xisbiga Bolshevik ah, si rasmi ah sameeyay 1922. Markaas Lenin ayaa sheegay in sida kaliya ee lagu abuuro kacaan adduunka - waa in la abuuro a dhaqdhaqaaqa siyaasadeed communist midaysan. Summer bilaabay jirrabyadii show ka dhanka ah Socialist-kacaan. views noocan oo kale ah waxaa si balaadhan looga daboolay saxaafadda, waxa kale oo uu ahaa nooca dacaayad. In bulshada, waxaa jira image ah cadaawayaashooda iyo xadgudbayaasha kuwaad kula waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay ciqaabi jiray. Later, dhaqanka this ayaa si guul leh codsatay ma aha oo kaliya ee la xiriirta soo horjeeda siyaasadda xirfadeed, laakiin sidoo kale in dhammaan muwaadiniinta, ku qanacsanayn dowladda.

Cadaadiska ka dhanka ah soo horjeeda

Cadaadiska ka dhanka ah mucaaradka xaq "dantiisa kacaan" iyo halku dhigyo kale cod weyn. Ka dib markii madaxda SF-kacaan lagu helay, adeeg qarsoodi ah Soviet abaabulay Congress of qayb ka mid ah xisbiga, taas oo diyaar u ahayd inay la midowdo Bolsheviks ah. hantiwadaagnimadu Kuwani loo yaqaan "Initsiativniki". Waxay kala diri xisbiga oo ku biiray Communists ah. Sidoo kale, qaddar ee Mensheviks horumartay.

In Midowga Soofiyeeti waxaa ka mid ahaa xisbiga kaliya. Laakiin xitaa RCP ah (B) ayaa la bilaabay nidaamka la mid ah. In 1924, ka dib dhimashadii Lenin dhex racii ugu horreeyey ee Bolsheviks ee halganka waayo, xoog.

Inner-nadiifinta

Halganka in madaxda sare ee VKP ah (b) ahaa qof bulshada ka yar sida qofku shakhsiyadiisu. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka Stalin noqday hoggaamiyaha maroorsi ee xisbiga, oo isna sidoo kale lagu helay in laga takhaluso oo ka mid ah wada hadal afka baarkiisa. Dadka ka soo horjeeda ayaa la xukumay oo toogasho qaybta ugu badan ee 30-ka. Features of nidaam siyaasadeed iyo nuxurka xisbiga ee kaligii talisnimada ku keentay in talisnimada oo nin keliya.

soo horjeeda ugu weyn ee Stalin markii hore ahaa Leon Trotsky. Isagu waa on par leh Lenin abaabulay Revolution October, halka Koba sheegatay in ay hoggaanka. Waa sababta oo ah taasi, Trotsky ugu horeysay u sakhiray in ay cadaadis. Waqtigan xaadirka ah ee la soo dhaafay uu ku Hijrootaan. Ilaa dhawr sano ka kacaan ah ku noolaa Mexico ilaa uu dilay by wakiilka ah Soviet ee 1940.

Waxaa xusid mudan in qaar ka mid ah mabaadi'da ku xusan ee ay Bolsheviks ah ayaa ka dib guul leh loo isticmaalo by naasiga ee Reich Saddexaad. In maanta ee kaligii talisnimada adduunka ee xisbiga waa yara naadir ah. Maanta, dalka nidaamka siyaasadeed waa communist Shiinaha, halkaas oo ay dhammaan hay'adaha dawladda ayaa sidoo kale ishana xisbiga, iyo mucaaradka waa la mamnuucay.