Dhaqdhaqaaqa Ruush dhaqan-siyaasadeed ee 1800-1900

dhaqdhaqaaqa bulshada iyo siyaasadda ee Russia qarnigii 19 khilaafeen ballaadhkiisuna wuxuu ka kooban oo kala duwan oo ka mid ah hababka tallaabo. Tani inta badan go'aamiyo aayaha dalka ee mustaqbalka.

At qarnigii koowaad sida a dhaqdhaqaaqa bulsho-siyaasadeed la sameeyay qiimaynta. Karamzin (ay teori) ayaa sheegay in Boqortooyada, halka inta badan si buuxda u la kulmo heerka hadda horumarka waxbarashada iyo anshaxa aadanaha.

In muddo ah ka 1830 in 1840 sano oo ka mid ah doodaha kulul oo ku saabsan aqonsado ee Jidka Ruush taariikhiga qabsadaan wareegyada bulshada. Sayidka, dhaqdhaqaaq bulsho-siyaasadeed "galbeedka" iyo "Slavophiles".

tirooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee reer galbeedka ay ahaayeen koox ka mid ah Professor, qorayaasha, publicists Petersburg (Cavelin, Botkin, Granovsky). Waxay ku doodeen oo ku saabsan horumarinta sharciga guud ee dhammaan dalalka ilbaxnimada. peculiarity ee Russia waxaa la arkay oo kaliya in ay backwardness ka yimid wadamada kale, labada dhinaca siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha. Reer galbeedku rumeysan yahay aragtida ah foomam diyaar-dhigay sare ee nolosha bulshada iyo dhaqaalaha ah caqabadaha soo food muhiim ah bulshada iyo maamulka. By this, waxay ugu horayn loogu tala galay la baabiiyo of serfdom, kala duwanaanshaha fasalka heerka sharciga ah, hubinta xoriyadda ganacsi, horumarinta maamulka maxalliga ah iyo dimuqraadiyadda nidaamka garsoorka.

Reer galbeedka ka soo horjeeda Slavophiles ah. Waxaa ka mid ah hoggaamiyayaasha dhaqdhaqaaqa waa in la yeedhay walaalihiis Aksakov, Khomyakov, Kireevskys walaalo ah. Waxay rumaysan yahay in dhaqdhaqaaqa taariikhiga ah ee Russia waa aadu uuga duwan sida dalalka reer galbeedka Yurub. Isla mar ahaantaana ay diiday aragtida ah ee backwardness siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale ee Fatherland ah, isagoo sheegay in gobolka waxa lagu gartaa dissimilarity heerarka Yurub.

dhaqdhaqaaqa bulshada iyo siyaasadda ee 1840s ka koobneed oo ka mid ah saraakiisha iyo ardayda. iyaga United oo ku wareegsan Butashevich- Petrashevsky. xubnaha hadda ku hawlan hawlo waxbarasho oo firfircoon, abaabulo wax soo saarka ee dictionary ah encyclopedic of content dimuqraadiyadda iyo bulsho.

dhaqdhaqaaqa bulshada iyo siyaasadda ee 1860 ka qayb qaatay dhismaha arrimuhu madax bannaan, sida liberalism. Its ku salaysan yihiin wargeysyada, wargeysyada, meydadka is maxaliga ah, Professor cusub jaamacad. Liberalism lahaa miday. Uu garabka bidix ayaa waxaa ku xiran dhulka hoostiisa ku kacaan, oo xaq u - in ka masuulka ah xerada.

In the 1860 aasaasay hore Sleptsova Chernyshevsky iyo madaxda kale ee dhaqdhaqaaqa "Land iyo Freedom" xoog ku filan si ay u horumariyaan galay urur oo dhan-Ruush. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib waxaa loo kala qaybiyay laba kooxood. Sayidka aasaasay dhaqdhaqaaqa bulsho-siyaasadeed, loo yaqaan "qaybin" iyo "Dadka Will". Shirka labaad ee, dhab ahaantii, u noqday bedelka ee "Land iyo Freedom".

dhaqdhaqaaqa bulshada iyo siyaasadda Ruush ee qarnigii 19aad in 1870s ay si tartiib tartiib ah u dhaqaaqay hawlo cusub. Sidaas daraaddeed, tan iyo 1874tii waxa ay bilowday arrin bixitaanka mass ah in ay dadka, taas oo goob joog ka ahaa kun oo nin oo dhallinyaro iyo haween.

Inta u dhaxaysa 1870-E - 1880-mada maqalka dhaqdhaqaaqa shaqaalaha Ruush. Sababay ururka ugu horeeya ee proletariat ee Odessa iyo St. Petersburg, inkastoo ay yaraanta, in dib u eegis ee jagooyinka ay kacaan.

Hawlaha formation of "madaxbannaanida oo Shaqada", hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Plekhanov, bilaabay la turjumaada iyo qaybinta ee Russia, Somalisch iyo koob Marx ee. Maarkiistaha The ugu horeysay ayaa ku dooday in shuuciyad ee dalka ayaa hore u bilaabeen, iyo xoogsatada yeelan doonaan in ay horseedi halganka qaranka soo horjeeday taliskii Saarka, waayo, hantiwadaagga iyo caddaaladda bulshada.

In 1895 Plekhanov iyo kuwii la jiray ku filan abuuray by ururo badan oo si firfircoon u dhaqmeen in weerarada qaar ka mid ah shaqaalaha.