Bus fasalka yar helaayo-652: astaamaha farsamo. "Keyway" baska

In 1955, Warshadda Pavlovsk gaariga. Zhdanov bilaabo design iyo waaxda tijaabo ah, madaxa oo ag taagnaa laga soo wareejiyay abuuraha dhirta GAZ ah "Victory" caanka ah Yu. N. Sorochkin. Waa this waaxda, sannad ka dib markii la aasaasay, ayaa sameeyay bas helaayo-652, taas oo ay design ka duwan daydo dhaqanka ee waqtiga.

Sida ay u dhan bilaabay

Waxaa sidaas waxay u noqotay in salka gudaha baabuurta warshadaha for jiifku ay baska u adeegay sidii jiifku ay gaari xamuul ah. Waa khariidad oo dheeraad ah loo dejiyay oo jidhka ka mid ah baska ee mustaqbalka, shiidaa baabi'inta suurtagalnimada of horumarinta dheeraad ah oo warshadaha ee. Isla mar ahaantaana khubaro oo dhan ku lug leh horumarinta daydo cusub, ogyahay in baabuurta iyo basaska - kuwani waa mishiinada kala duwan, oo leh ujeedo kala duwan. Sidaa darteed, design ee jiifku ee xamuul ah ma aha arrin ku haboon tababarayaasha. Pavlovians go'aansaday inuu ka tago dhaqanka iyo in la abuuro bas fasal yar, nooca baabuur-iyo design oo kala duwan.

The salaysan design

First of dhan, samaynta model cusub ee wax ka beddelay: haddii ka hor aasaaskii baska ahaa jiifku ay gaari xamuul ah, kaas oo la dhajinta on top of ay jidhka, ay hadda tahay qayb ka mid ah nidaamka taageerada ahaa in uu iska jirka ciyaaro. Waxay ahayd qaab-dhismeedka jir ah la-in la dhisay waxa loo baahan yahay unugyada iyo habab.

Donor buuxiyo mustaqbalka laga helaayo-652 noqday gaari xamuul ah oo si fiican u xaqiijiyay GAZ-51A.

qolof Body sida jir, bir sameeyey, kuna waari dhexdeeda dhumucda sheet ahaa 0.9 mm. Xidhmadiisii dhamaan qaybaha iyo goobaha dhismaha muhiimka ah waxaa lagu sameeyaa by alxanka kaalinta. Tani waxa ay yaraynaysaa miisaanka guud ee ku yiilleen, iyadoo la sii xoog iyo load-dhalista awooda lagama maarmaanka ah.

Mirayadahiisa "keyway"

Helaayo-652 helay glazing in aragga siiyey fudaydkii guud ee dhismaha oo dhan. Muraayadda hore waxa uu ahaa arrin weyn, oo leh qaab qalooca, bixinta aragtida wanaagsan ee darawalka, sida in line of hortiisa, iyo iyada oo muraayadaha dhanka. Maxaa la sheegay in laga yaabo oo ku saabsan jir ah "Lasik" model 651st baska.

Windows samaynta Gudaha bixisey daaqadaha furan, waxa uu ahaa waxaa dheer muhiim ah, gaar ahaan cimilada kulul. saqafka ayaa sidoo kale ma aha iyada oo aan mirayadahiisa. Muraayado madow galaas, Jaha ee rays ay, ka dhigay design helaayo-652 waa wax soo jiidasho leh waqti. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, muraayadaha indhaha iyo qaribi kara muuqaalka kore ee baska haddii ay dhacdo dhaawac. Xaqiiqada ah in ay dhismo saddex lakab ah, waxa loogu yeero "Saddex". Advantage muraayad ah oo intaasu waxay ahayd in on saamaynta waxa aan la jebiyey, laakiin waxaa ku dednaa jeedal iftiin, dildilaaca in fool xun taagan kana soo horjeestay soo jeeda midabayntu madow.

Wax kasta oo kale oo la sameeyey glazing gudaha "stalinite" - muraayad, kaas oo maray Adkaan gaar ah. Its peculiarity been in xaqiiqda ah in ay hor istaagi karay xataa dharbaaxo dubbe, laakiin haddii aad weli jebiyey, ka dibna kala firdheen galay xabadaha yar yar oo aan lahayn geesaha fiiqan, baabi'inta suurtogalnimada dhaawaca dadka. Sidaas darteed, laga helaayo-652 shaqeeyay factor dheeraad ah darawalka iyo badbaadada rakaabka.

baska salon

Waxa ugu horreeya ee laga sameeyey samaynta ah, waxaa xuduuddiisa bannaan, sida ay ahaayeen, by kala qayb ka mid farsamo la kursiga wadaha ee ka qol rakaabka. Si taas loo gaaro, cross-koollo ku yaalla xagga dambe ee kursiga darawalka, xaashi of Plexiglas lagu rakibay.

bas ayaa sidoo kale laba kursi kooxda ayaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay kaari ah, sida la socodsiinayaa dhegganaa derbiga kor ku saxan kursiga.

derbiyada Arrimaha Gudaha waxaa uu damacsan yahay ay la caag ama fiberboard loola dhaqmo dusha dibadda ah. Tani waxay kala ka model hore ee "Lasik", taas oo gudaha hagaajiyeen la kartoonada caadiga ah. Kartoonada ugu danbeyn waxay bilaabeen inay dunta fidsan, crack, crack, iyo ugu danbeyn baaba'aan.

baska loo moodayay in loo isticmaalo si ay u fuliyaan labada rakaab fadhiya oo taagan. Wixii ugu dambeeyay ee wareega gudaha ee tareenka arkayey lifaaqan saqafka.

Waayo, embarkation iyo disembarkation dadka baska wuxuu lahaa laba albaab daah dhinaca dhinac markab, qalabaysan maamulka vacuum-driven ah.

Qaar ka mid ah muuqaalada dheeraad ah

In "keyway" cusub wuxuu ahaa mid wax in uusan buuxin nidaamka shaqada ee caadiga ah ee suuqa baabuurta. Constructors rakibay heatsink aan dhaqan ahaan hore ee engine ah, iyo kooxdiisa. Isla mar ahaantaana fursad la cover a shiraac gaar ah isu geeyo sanduuqa battariga haadiyey nidaamka koollo baska. Sababo la this, marka hawlgal baska jiilaalka hawada diiran, outlet ka soo engine ah, si toos ah ay gudaha u gashay qol ah. Marar kale, cover duubnaadaan oo guriguu dhigtay qol hiitarka.

engine lafteeda waxa taagan ee samaynta Gudaha midigta ee darawalka, in qol gaar ah pop-up engine. Darbiyada of qol u bannaysay lakabka ningax, iyo leatherette cover top Fiido ah. Sayidka, darawalka helay helaan engine ee si toos ah uga gudaha baska.

nadaamka joojinta bixisey xoojiyaha vacuum, iyo ilo joojinta lagu daray absorbers lama filaan ah.

Sida iftiiminta, halkan, marka lagu daro xubno ka-GAZ 51A, iyo alaabtii loo isticmaalo ka "Victory". Plus iyaga, xagga dambe ee baska ku daray if (if).

Helaayo-652: sooc

• Cabirka - m 7,15h2,4h2,8 (dhererka, width iyo height, siday u kala horreeyaan).
• Helaayo waddada dadka miisaanka - 4,34 oo tan.
• miisaanka Gross - 7,64 oo tan.
• Waasac ee gudaha - 42 kursi, 23 oo iyaga ka mid fadhiya.
• Ansixin - 25.5 cm.
• engine The - a afar-stroke, lix-dhululubo, nidaamka shidaalka carburetor ah.
• Power of unit awoodda - 90 l / s.
• Barakaca - 3, 48 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran. cm.
• Xigay - naqshado disc hal qalalaan.
• The xawaaraha ugu badan - 80 km / h.
• Isticmaalka baatrool - 21 litir oo 100 kiiloomitir.

Start ee wax soo saarka iyo wax ka beddelid ugu horeysay

Imtixaanka koowaad ee tababare khibrad bilaabay sannadkii 1956, isla sanadkaas saxiixday amar si ay u bilaabaan diyaar garowga soo saarka mass of mashiinada cusub. 4 sano ka dib, sannadkii 1960, waxaa yimid off line kiniisadda serial ugu horeysay "Lasik" ah.

Bus, marka lagu daro version aasaasiga ah, waxay leedahay laba qeybood oo dheeraad ah: 652T iyo 652B.

Wax kabadal "Lasik" 652B kala duwan ka model caadiga ah wax yar ka dib u habaynta bodywork iyo qorshee hore ee mishiinka.

beddelid kale, laga helaayo-652 T (dalxiis) soo saaray goobaha dheeraad ah oo qol rakaabka iyo albaabka hoyga ah.

Maxaa yeelay, dhammaan 10-ka sano ee soo saarka serial of line kiniisadda ayaa 62121 baska. Intii waqtiga soo saarka helaayo la gurato: dhismeedkooda ayaa loo beddelay, beddelka kala duwan, daciifnimo ku tilmaamay inay ku jiraan dabcan ka mid ah hawlgalka mashiinada. Laakiin baska oo dhan u asiibi karo hawlihiisa, taas oo ah sababta socday dheer ee taxanahan.