Burburkii USSR. The ugu weyn geopolitical masiibo ah ee qarnigii labaatanaad

Burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti, gobolka ugu weyn by deegaanka degan 1/6 ee dalka deggan shaki la'aan waa masiibo ugu weyn geopolitical qarnigii XX, waa burbur nidaamsan ee qaab-dhismeedka dhaqaalaha, arrimaha bulshada, siyaasadda, iyo arrimaha bulshada ee Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Currently, taariikhyahanadu aadan haysan fikrad midaysan waxa uu ahaa sababta ugu weyn ee burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti, iyo xaqiiqda ah uu ahaa suurto gal ah si looga hortago geedi socodka ee bololka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababaha keentay in burburkii, waxa uu ahaa ku filan, oo ay ku jiraan nooca maamul ee bulshada Soviet, isu dheelitir la'aanta dhaqaalaha ballaaran, qaar ka mid ah nin-dhigay ee masiibooyinka ugu waaweyn, khilaafaadka caalamiga ah oo ay ku jiraan rabshado 1972 ee Kaunas, dibadbaxyo ballaaran oo lagu 1978 ee Georgia, dhacdooyinkii 1980 ee Minsk, dhacdooyinka December 1986 ee Kazakhstan, iwm:. Waxaas oo dhan waxa u sabab ah concatenation keentay in daraawiishi ay of nidaamka Soviet.

Isku day in la casriyeeyo qaabka Soviet horseeday in sii qotodheeraata ah dhibaatada ka jirta dalka, kaas oo muujiyay in saaxadda siyaasadeed sida Madaxweynaha iska hor imaad u dhexeeya USSR Gorbachev oo Yeltsin, Madaxweynaha RSFSR.

dalalka Soviet Commonwealth uu bilaabay in uu caddayn madaxbannaanidooda. The shuruud of madaxbannaani mid kasta oo ka mid ah 15 Jamhuuriyadda Soviet waxaa la soo dersay hanjabaad xakamayn siyaasaded ee nidaamka dhexe. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, bishii August 1991, Gorbachev ku dhawaaqay in 20 August ay xukuumaddu Soviet inuu saxiixo heshiis cusub, "Midowga waddan oo madax bannaan" with 15 Jamhuuriyadda, kuwaas oo lagu wareejiyey iyaga qayb badan oo ka mid ah awoodaha dawladda dhexe. Dabcan, Taageerayaasha nidaamka, xarunta of taas oo ahayd xisbiga shuuciga ah, ma aqbali karo, maxaa yeelay gobol kasta ka helay xaq u leeyahay inuu si madax banaan go'aan dhibaatooyin gudaha ah iyaga u gaar ah mar hore, taas oo macnaheedu yahay khasaaraha ka mid ah amar ay dowladda Soviet. Intaa waxaa dheer weliba waxaa kaloo jiray dhibaatooyin kale oo la xiriira lagu ogolaan ee heshiiska, sida dhibaatada kala ciidamada gantaal ujeedada istiraatiiji ah, difaaca hawada, iyo dabcan, ciidamada qalabka sida si siman u dhexeeya Jamhuuriyadda ah.

Waxaas oo dhan wada keentay in siyaasad ahaan iyo caqli ahaan saadaalin August afgambi, iyo abuurista Guddiga Gurmadka aan Gorbachev subax in August 19 warbaahinta ayaa ku dhawaaqay xaalad degdeg ah, iyo sidoo kale ku wargeliyay in awoodaha madaxweynaha lagu wareejiyay Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha Gennady Yanayev.

Boris Yeltsin dhaleeceeyay falalka Gorbachev, iyo golaha dhexe, Golaha Xukuumadda, iyo waddooyinka. Farsamo uu mafaahiim miyir dadka, oo aysan awoodin in ay qayb weyn oo dadka si toos ah in ay taageero. Ka dib markii lagu dhawaaqey xaalad degdeg ah ee Moscow ayaa lagu dhisay xafiiska iyo abaabuley oo ku saabsan 500 taangiyada iyo gawaarida gaashaaman ee Guddiga Gurmadka. Laakiin maqnaanshaha taageero military ee ilqabatinka ma aysan joogsan Boris, oo uu sii waday in ay ka hor dad ku hadlaan, xataa taagan mid ka mid ah taangiyada kuwan. Lahaanshaha gaari saarista dhamaystiran oo Gorbachev iyo dowladda Soviet hadhay oo aan hoggaamiye, wuxuu soo saaray amar madaxweynaha, sida uu sheegay oo ciidankii oo dhan isagii u soo gudbay, iyo ugu dambayntii joojiyay isku dayaya in ay ciidamada garabka midig inuu horistaago saxiixii heshiiska. Sayidka, burburkii Midowga Soofiyeeti keentay in madaxbannaanida oo ka mid ah 15 Jamhuuriyadda iyo muuqaalka on saaxadda siyaasadda dunida sida dalalka madax banaan.

August 22, Yeltsin, wada jir ah ula laba boqol oo kun badnaa ee square ah si ay ugu dabaal guusha, si cad u dhaleeceeyay xisbiga shuuciga ah, taas oo meesha ka dalka for 70 sano, oo ansixiyey calanka iyo-midabka, sidaas rumayn kala of Russia ka Midowga Soofiyeeti.

August 24, 1991, Gorbachev fayday awoodaha uu Xoghayaha Guud iyo kala diri xisbiga.