Biography, nolosha iyo shaqada Ostrowski

The nolosha iyo shaqada ee Ostrovsky - bog geesinimada in Biography nin, kuwaas oo share dhibtani dhacay.

qoyska

Writer Nikolay Alekseevich Ostrovsky (1904 - 1936) waxa uu ku dhashay tuulada Yukreeniyaan of Vilia gobolka Volyn oo qoyska ka mid ah ciidamada. Awoowe, Ivan Vasilevich Ostrovsky, wuxuu ahaa sarkaal a non-wakiishay, geesi dagaal ee 1855 si ay u Malakhov Hill inta lagu guda jiro difaaca ee Sevastopol. Years of naftiisa Ostrovskogo Ivana Vasilevicha kala saari Karin xidhiidh la soo dhaafay geesinimada ah ee Russia ee qarnigii XIX ah.

Aabbaha, Aleksey Ivanovich Ostrovsky, - sida sarkaalka a non-wakiishay ciidanka Imperial ee hawlgabka. Waxa uu abaal George St., iskutallaabtiisana geesinimo in qabashada Shipka iyo Plevna. Years nolosha Ostrovsky Alexey Ivanovich waa kibirka wiilkiisa.

Hooyo Nicholas, Czech ah by dhalashadiisa, waxay ahayd farxad iyo digtoonaan naag, naftii shirkadda. qoyska noolaa oo faro badan, annagoo addoommadaada ah xajiyey, guriga mar walba waxaa ka buuxay guests.

carruurnimada

Little Kolya yaabay wareegsan kartida uu. At da'da 9 sano jir ah, wuxuu dugsiga kaniisadda ee ka qalin iyo u sii socotay inay sii bartaan, laakiin qaddar haddii kale Xukumay. In 1914, aabbihiis ku waayay shaqadiisa, iyo nolosha habeenkii burburay. guriga in la iibiyo lahaa, qoyska qaybsadeen. Alexey wada jir ah ula Nicky u tageen inay qaraabo Ternopil, halkaas oo qandaraas in ay ka shaqeeyaan sidii forester ah.

Nicolai Ostrovsky, Biography iyo hal-abuur waa layaab kala duwan, helay wakiilkii caawiye saldhiga tareenka magaalada Shepetovka ah, oo sannad ka dib bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan sidii koronto yaqaan. Bishii September 1918, nin dhallinyaro ah soo galay dugsiga Shepetovskaya aasaasiga ah, taas oo ay guul u soo dhammaystay ee 1920.

dhalinyarada

Tiro ka mid ah naxdintii ugu waaweyn ee caalamiga ah ee dhallinyarada Nikolaya Ostrovskogo u dhacay, dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, ka dibna February ee Kacaanka ee 1917 sanadka soo socda Revolution October iyo dagaalkii sokeeye ee ku dhamaaday oo kaliya in Ukraine ee 1920. In Shepetivka si joogto ah xoog beddelo, Jarmalka siiyey si ay Poles White ah, kuwa, markeeda, ka eryay Army Cas, ka dibna Real Madrid u yimid ka dib markii iyaga Petliurists. dad rayid ah Shepetovka ayaa handadaad gangs badan in dhacdaan oo dilay.

Dugsigu wuxuu Nikolai Ostrovsky ahaa hoggaamiye, oo uu ku wareejiyey ardayda ee Golaha Teaching ah. In 1921, dhaq-maray imtixaanka oo helay shahaado of maturity. Isla sanadkaas, Ostrowski biiray Komsomol ah, iyo dayrta uu noqday arday ka mid ah waaxda fiidkii of College Kiev ee Electromechanics ah. Nicholas u baxay inuu ka shaqeeyo ay xirfad, koronto. Life iyo Ostrovsky abuurka intii uu ardayga u adeegay sidii model ah kuwa kale.

Gaajada iyo qabow

Haddii aan ku tilmaami nolosha iyo shaqeeyaan Ostrovskogo In gaaban, weli waxay noqon doontaa mid xiiso leh, sheeko wargelin ah oo ku saabsan nin ee ujeedada leh xoog-ka yeeli,. Ahaayeen adag sano post-dagaal, waxaa adkaaday burburka, ee aan cunto ku filan, dhuxusha, daawo. College Ardayda iyo Nikolai Ostrovsky iyaga dhexdiinna ku samayn xaabo, in bartey ku siin a baraf ah dugaal Kiev. Waxaa intaas dheer, ardayda u dhisay tareenada on taas oo ay u raraan qoryaha goostay magaalada ah. Soon Ostrovsky qabow iyo qaatay sariirtiisii in. In xaalad halis ah, Oo wuxuu guriga ku soo diray, halkaas oo uu dhowr bilood ku qaatay. Life iyo hal-abuur Ostrovsky kooban u qeexaan adag, waa hage nolosha farcankii sida in ay ka gudbaan dhibaatooyin ah.

In dhamaadka, cudurka ayaa u laabteen, iyo Nicholas dib u tageen inay dugsiga iyo shaqada. Iyadoo College la beddelaa machadka, laakiin si ay u noqdaan ardayda jaamacadda Ostrovsky aan sameeyey, maxaa yeelay, mar kale curyaan cudurka. Tan iyo markaas, qoraa mustaqbalka noqday isbitaalada bukaanka caadiga ah, xarumaha caafimaadka, isbitaalada iyo xarumaha caafimaadka. Studies lahaa inuu ka tago, wiilka ku hanjabtay in ay siddeed iyo toban isbitaalka sariirta muddo aan xad lahayn.

In 1922, xaq u cabsi ugu xumaa ee dhakhaatiirta iyo Nikolaya Ostrovskogo, wuxuu ahaa ogaanshaha daran - ankylosing spondylitis. Taas macneheedu waxa muddaada dhamaystiran, xanuun iyo dhibaato, taas oo dhawr sano ka dib la cabaar qoto dheer cilmi nafsiga qoraaga awoodaan in ay dhex maraan image ee geesiga ah novel ah "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey" Pavel Korchagin noqon doonaa. Shaqada ka tarjumaysaa xaqiiqda nolosha Ostrovsky, ogan Biography qoraaga. qof Resistance Pavel Korchagin - waa eegtahay toos ah ula qoraaga novel ah.

Komsomolskaya shaqada

sawir kooban oo Ostrovskogo nolosha iyo shaqada Muujin kara nooca ninkan u dhiirranow. Tartiib tartiib Nicholas cagihiisa beeniyay, ayuu ku adag tahay guuro, ku tiirsan bakoorad. Intaa waxaa dheer, lugta bidix waa mar dambe gacnta. In 1923 Ostrovsky dhaqaaqay walaasheed magaalada iyo waxaa uu noqonayaa xoghayaha degmada Berezdiv ururka Komsomol ah. Sugayay ballaaran isaga soo jeedo galaya dhaqdhaqaaq goob ka mid ah hadafyada communist beerta dacaayadda. Ostrovsky ayaa sooco oo dhan shirka uu waqti la dhallinyarada meelaha durugsan, ayuu u suurtagashay in ay dhiiri-galinayo dhalinyarada la sheekooyin ku saabsan mustaqbalka dhalaalaya. dadaalka dhaqdhaqaaqe ayaa abaal tuulooyinkii ugu fog waxaa jiray unugyada Komsomol, dhalinyarada xiiso leh ka caawiyay in ay hogaamiyaha si ay u hirgeliyaan fikirka communist. Life iyo shaqada Ostrovsky on Hogaamiyaha Komsomol of post noqday daydo waayo, wax badan oo raacsan dhallinyaro ah.

1924 wuxuu ahaa dhibic ugu horeysay ka leexdo iyo waayo Ostrovsky, uu ku biiray xisbiga shuuciga ah. Oo haddana wuxuu noqday xubin ka mid ah hortagayo burcadnimada, oo uu xubin ka siijeeday (ciidamada gaarka ah) ayaa meel kale oo waxqabad ah ee dagaalka ee aan laga daalin, waayo, hadafyada sinnaanta universal. Life iyo hal-abuur Ostrovsky sano ka welwelina, waayo dalka waa tusaale ka mid ah is-allabari. naftaada ula dhaqmaan si arxan a Nikolai Ostrovsky, ayuu wuxuu isku aan u tudhin. Si joogto ah u safray hawlgalka inuu baabbi'iyo cadowga, ma seexdaan habeenkii. Next yimid xisaab, caafimaad ka sii dartay. Shaqada lahaa inuu ka tago, wuxuu bilaabay inuu muddo dheer soo kabashada.

Hospitals, daaweynta HBS

Review oo ka mid ah nolosha iyo shaqada Ostrowski sii muddo kuwaas oo waxaa loo culus loola dhaqmi doonaa. Muddo laba sanno ah, ka 1924 si ay u 1926, Nikolai Ostrovsky ahaa Kharkov Medical-Farsamada machadka, taasoo martigelisay koobkii koorsada daawada raacay by dhaqan celinta. Inkastoo dadaalka dhakhaatiirta, waxaa jiray horumar lahayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wakhtigaas, Nicholas dhigay saaxiibo badan oo cusub, qaybta hore oo ahaa Peter Novikov, adherent aamin ah si dhow dhammaadka Ostrovsky.

In 1926, Nicholas dhaqaaqay Yevpatoria, magaalada in qaybta galbeed ee Jasiiradda Crimean. Waxaa uu mari doonaa daawaynta sanatorium ah "Maynaki". In Crimea, Ostrovsky la kulmay Innokentiem Pavlovichem Fedenevym iyo Alexandra Alekseevna Zhigareva, raggii reer hadafyada sare, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan "ka Bolsheviks dugsiga jir ah." saaxiibo cusub door weyn nolosha qoraaga ciyaari doono, waxa ay noqon doontaa waalidka labaad. Innocent Fedenev noqon saaxiib dhow qoraaga, saaxiibkii in arrimaha fikirka ah ee shuuciyiinta. Alexander Zhigareva noqday "hooyo labaad." Life iyo Works of Nikolaya Ostrovskogo tan iyo kala saari Karin xidhiidh la dadkaas. saaxiibo run marnaba ka tagi doono.

Nolosha Novorossiysk

dheeraad ah taariikhiyan ah nolosha iyo shaqada Ostrovsky - waa uu joogay gobolka Krasnodar ee ku saabsan Badda Madow. Ka dib talooyinka dhakhaatiirta, Nicholas sii wadaan in ay ku nool yihiin oo ku yaalla koonfurta. Waxa uu u dhaqaaqay in la qaraabada dhinaca hooyada, qoyska Matsyuk in Novorossiysk. In iyaga, wuu noolaan doonaa muddo laba sano ah, ka 1926 si ay u 1928-th. Caafimaadka ka sii daraysa, tag Ostrowski ma, la dhaqaajin karin on ulaha. waqtiga oo dhan wuxuu u huray in akhrinta buugaagta in ay yihiin qayb ka mid ah ugu weyn ee uu noloshiisa. Nicholas waa qoraa aad jeceshahay Maxim Gorky, raaceen by Classics suugaanta Ruush: Gogol, Pushkin, Leo Tolstoy.

fiiro gaar ah waxaa soo jiitay Ostrovsky theme of Dagaalkii Sokeeye, uu isku dayo in la fahmo sababaha asalka u ah dhacdooyinkii wakhtigaas, marka walaalkiis dilay walaalkiis, iyo aabbena wiilkiis. In mid ka mid ah neefta akhri farshaxanka "CHapaev" "Cities iyo Years" Furmanova Fedina, "guddiga" "Iron Stream" Serafimovicha Libedinskii.

In 1927, spondylitis ankylosing, taas oo saameyn ku Nikolai Ostrovsky, gaadho boosaska, yimaado curyaannimo dhamaystiran oo lugaha. Ku socda isagu ma awoodo, xataa on ulaha. Maaanka xanuunka ma joojin daqiiqad ah. Tan iyo waqti in, sariirtiisa jiifay Nikolai. wax yar ka wareeri by dhibaatada jireed, suugaanta Akhriska buugaagta, maalin kasta keentaa shaqaalaha maktabadda, kuwaas oo sidoo kale noqday saaxiibo isku dhow Ostrovsky. outlet An bukaanka noqdo radio in bartey, laakiin waxa ay ku xidha dunida ka baxsan.

Dhamaadkii 1927, Nikolai Ostrovsky helo waaxda waraaqaha of Yakova University shuuciga ah Sverdlova ah, oo intaasu waxay ahayd dhacdo farxad dhab ah isaga loogu talagalay. Friends hesho fariin farxadda leh: "Waxaan ku baran maqan beenta !!!" Life for Ostrovsky ku rajo xanuunsan macno.

Oo markaas oo musiiba kale dhacdo - cudurada isha. Iyada oo ay tani waa caabuq oo keliya, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan waxaa ka soo bixi doona khasaaraha ka mid ah aragtida. Dhakhaatiirta aslanba la Xarrimay inuu wax akhriyo, in aan la daalaan indhaha. Maxaa la sameeyaa, sida ay u hadda ku nool yihiin?

Apartment ee Sochi

In bukaanka daran Nikolaya Ostrovskogo muuqday xaaskiisa, Raisa Porfirevna, kii uu la kulmay in Novorossiysk. Friends halgamaya si ay u caawiyaan qoyska dhallinyarada ah, in dadaallada Aleksandry Zhigarevoy Ostrovskim mahad siiyaan guri dabaq ah ee Sochi. Awoodaan si ay u ururiyaan lacag, nolosha si tartiib tartiib ah bilaabay inuu wax dhiso. Laakiin caafimaadka Nikolai ayaa sii xumaaday, function muruqyada ku dhowaad gebi ahaanba laga badiyay, habka uu noqday karin. Aragtida sidoo kale wiiqay iyadoo maalin kasta marayay qaar badan oo ka adag tahay in la akhriyo waraaqaha xitaa weyn. Saacadaha kooban intiisa kale indhaha ku soo celiyay, laakiin in indhuhu ku daalaan ugu yar mar kale sababay mugdiga ah. Ostrovsky caafimaadka guud ahaa musiibo, rajada soo kabashada lahaa. Friends waa had iyo jeer u dhow, iyo kaliya siiyey xoog bukaanka.

waqti Moscow

Biography Ostrowski, nolosha iyo shaqada ay gaareen marxaladda cusub ee October 1929, markuu yimid Nicholas iyo xaaskiisa in Moscow qaliinka indhaha. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in uu ku riday xarumaha caafimaadka si ay u Professor M. Averbakh fiican, barar guud ee jidhka oo dhan ka dhigay falcelin xun. macquul ma ahan in ay sameeyaan qalliinka.

Ku noolaanshaha guri la wadaago ee Moscow ayaa sii xumeeyey Ostrovsky cudur halis ah. Xaaska tagay shaqada, isaguna keligiis ayuu hadhay. Waxay ahayd markaa in waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay qoraan buugga. Jirku wuxuu ahaa xasiliyaa, iyo nafta guuxaysay is-qowlka. Nasiib wanaag, gacmihiisa dhawray dhaqdhaqaaqa, laakiin Nicholas ma aanan arkin. Markaasuu wuxuu u yimid leh qalab gaar ah a, waxa loogu yeero "hufnaan", by kaas oo ay suurto gal ahayd in ay ku Daynanaa Iyagoo ku qor. Lines qarka u saf nidaamsan, bogga Qoraalka waa u fududahay, waqti in la beddelo xaashiyaha, qoraal on shabaqa kaliya.

Bilowgii-abuurka

Marxaladaha nolosha iyo hal-abuur Ostrovsky isaga ku tilmaami sida nin adag oo aan jebin kasta oo baaritaano. Cudurka kaliya wayna adkeeyeen doonista unbending. Nikolai Ostrovsky bilaabay inuu qoro shuqulkiisa ugu horeysay isagoo ah nin si xun u xanuunsan, Immobile iyo Indho La'aan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu u suurtagashay in ay la abuuro shaqo ah aan dhiman in tegey oo wuxuu galay suugaanta ee Golden Ruush. novel Tani "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey".

Waxaa si fiican u qoray habeenkii, inkasta oo ay ahayd adag. hooyo Morning ururiyay kala firdhay on go'yaal dabaqa crumpled ah, waxay toosi iyaga oo isku day in quburada ku qoran. Geedi socodka uu ahaa mid xanuun badan, halka Ostrovsky bilaabeen inay shidaal text si ay jeclaayeen, oo ay qoraan. Kiiska ayaa si degdeg ah habsami u tegey, oo doonaya in ay ka shaqeeyaan la qoraaga ahaa gaad. In qolka yar ee guri la wadaago ee Moscow socday kaliya seddex qoysaska la xidhiidha, in ka badan toban qof.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mar walba ma awoodin in ay shidaal iyo qori qoraal ah oo cusub oo hal mar, tan oo dhan qaraabada ayaa mashquul shaqada. Markaas Nikolai Ostrovsky weydiiyay tarxiilaan Galyu Alekseevu qori isaga qoraalka yeerin. Oo xariif ah, gabadhii bartay ahaa kaaliyaha maarmaan.

Roman "Sida steel hagaajiyey"

Ostrovsky cutubyada qoran daabacay iyo maray Aleksandre Zhigarevoy, kuwaas oo ahaa in Leningrad iyo isku dayeen in ay gacanta qoraal gacmeedyada ee daabacaadan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isku dayo iyada oo dhammuna wuxuu ahaa lagu guulaysan, akhrin shaqada, ammaanay oo ku soo laabtay. Waayo, Ostrovskogo Roman "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey" ahaa macnaha naftiisa, wuxuu soo maray in qoraaladii aan daabaco doonaa.

In Moscow, daabacaadda novel ah isku dayeen in ay hirgeliyaan Innokentiy Pavlovich Fedenev, ayuu maray qoraal gacmeedka si uu guriga u soo bandhiga "Young Guard" sugay editor reply ah. Muddo ka dib, ku xiga u eegis lagu sameeyo in ay ahayd muhiimad xun. Fedenev ku adkeystay on dib u eegis. Oo markaas "baraf ahaa jabay", qoraaladii gacmaha qoraa Mark Kolosov, kuwaas oo si taxadar leh u akhri waxa ku jira sheeko iyo talinayaa in la daabaco ku dhex dhacday.

daabaco novel ah

Writer Kolosov, wada jir ah ula editor sare Joornaalkii "The Young Guard" dhiba Karavaevoy dib loo eegay qoraaladii, iyo wax soo saarka waxay bilaabeen inay daabacdo pages bil kasta. Waxay ahayd guul Nikolaya Ostrovskogo iyo sheeko "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey". Iyada oo qoraagu ku soo gabagabeeyay heshiiska, uu helay lacag, nolosha dib u macnaheeda.

shaqo ayaa lagu soo daabacay wargeyska "The Guard Young" ee shan qol, laga bilaabo Abriil ilaa September 1932. Against hortegi lahaa qoysaska rayrayn universal iyo qaraabada qoraaga waxaa uga xumaaday in sheeko laga dhimayaa baabiiyo dhowr cutub. Si rasmi ah daabacayaasha sharaxay la'aanta this warqad, laakiin qorayaasha aaminsan yihiin in "curyaan buugga." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dhamaadka, Nikolai Ostrovsky iska casilay.

Later, novel ah "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey" si joogta dibadda daabacay, shaqada waxaa loo arkaa tusaale ahaan a classic ee dabeecadda Cameroon Ruush. Writer qoray sheeko kale oo loo yaqaan "dhashay ee Storm ah", laakiin, in erayada qoraaga, "wax soo saarka ayaa ku filnayn," gaar ahaan tan iyo soo afjaridda uu Ostrovsky ma u leeyihiin in ay, wuu dhintay da'da 36 oo waxaa lagu aasay Qabuuraha Novodevichy ee Moscow .

xusuusta

Wakhtiyada Ostrovsky abuurka - waa bogagga ifka jidka geesinimada ah ee nolosha ka mid ah qof ka weyn kii lahaa, xoog ma jiro jirrada ma, ma niyad jab qoto dheer. Qoraagu wuxuu u abuuray Eebe kaliya hal xabbad, laakiin waxay ahayd dajinta si weyn tiraab, qaar ka mid ah qorayaasha kale oo aan ka dhacaya ay nolosha oo dhan. Nikolai Ostrovsky iyo sheeko "Sidee Steel ahaaye hagaajiyey" weligiis qoro taariikhda suugaanta Ruush.