Bakhrushin Museum at Paveletskaya: bandhigyo, dib u eegista, sawiro

Bakhrushin Museum at Paveletskaya (GTSTM) waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah hay'adaha ugu waaweyn ee dhaqanka ee noociisa ah ee dunida. Ka sokow dhismaha ugu weyn, wuxuu leeyahay sagaal laamood, kuwaas oo intooda badan ay naftooda by yihiin oo xiiso weyn oo waxaa la booqday sannad kasta by kun oo dalxiisayaal ah oo dhan ka Russia iyo dalalka kale.

Alexey Alexandrovich Bakhrushin: sawir kooban taariikh nololeedkooda

GTSTM aasaasaha mustaqbalka waxa uu ku dhashay 1865 galay baayacmushtariga qoys hodan ah, oo dhan kuwaas oo jeclaaday oo fahamsan tahay. Uu awoowe iyo aabbeheed sumcad for sokoeye iyo deeqsi iyo idiindhagaysan masraxa-badn. Jaceylka uu u qabo fanka masraxa, oo waxay ka gudbeen Alyosha yar, kuwaas oo 6 sano si joogto ah u soo booqday Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ah. Ka dib ka qalin dugsi gaar loo leeyahay Bakhrushin ku lug leh ganacsiga qoyska, laakiin muddo ka dib, ka fariistay oo naftiisa u huray ururinta. dhimashadii walaalkiis oday sameeyey sokoeye iyo isaga qudhiisa ku taal madaxa ururka Leather iyo Maro Manufactory, aasaasay aabbihiis by, iyo heer ee hawlaha ganacsiga ee ay, si joogta ah uu ka helay abaalmarinta dowladda. Barbaro ah in ay this, Bakhrushin, sida xubnaha kale ee qoyskiisa, si firfircoon uga qeyb ka ahaa shaqada hay'ad samafal oo loo magacaabay madaxa guryihii 12 Dadka - ka prototypes ee guryaha dhaqanka ee muddada Soviet.

ururinta dhaqdhaqaaqyada

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, Alexey Alexandrovich Bakhrushin xiiso masraxa ka da 'yar. Markii hore uu ku lug leh ururinta "curiosities Oriental." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mar ee shirkadda oo ah kuwa aruuriya dhallinyarada ka maqlay adeerkiis inuu wax wanaagsan ku helay ka ganacsada oo qaraami ah boodhadhka guridda iyo qadiin masrixiyada. Macluumaadkan waxaa xiiseynaya ganacsadaha dhalinyaro ah, oo wuxuu bilaabay inuu sooco oo dhan waqtiga uu firaaqada ururinta alaabtaada gaarka ah iyo waxyaabaha la xiriira jilayaasha caanka ah iyo atariishooyinka. Aad ugu dhaqsiyaha badan, ururinta noqday si ballaaran in 1894 Bakhrushin go'aansadeen in ay u soo bandhigaan dadweynaha.

museum gaarka ah

hay'ad dhaqanka cusub ee heegan u ah taariikhda tiyaatarka Ruush, si deg deg ah helay taageero, iyo xitaa qayb qaatay Bandhiga Berlin ee 1905. Waxaa jira Museum ahayd guul weyn oo helay ammaantiisana saxaafadda Yurub. Muddadan, Bakhrushin ay keeni karto in hantidooda gaarka Russia Mars Atariishada caansan dunida ee, alaabtii muusikada dhif ah, shuqullada sayid jir ah, iyo ururinta ah oo waji dhaqanka ee comedy tiyaatarka Talyaani. In 1913 Bakhrushin Museum waxaa lagu wareejiyey ay aasaasaha oo hoos timaad maamulka Academy Imperial ee Sciences, oo la odhan jiray Tiyaatarka iyo suugaanta.

Taariikhda GTSTM muddo Soviet

Ka dib markii kacaanka, museum ahaa kara inuu wax badbaadiyo. Oo ay xilka ugu adkeysi ee V. I. Lenina qudhiisu istaagay A. A. Bahrushin. Inkastoo deeqbixiye ah oo laga badiyay magaalada iyo ku dhawaad hantida guurtada iyo ku liimbaaday oo dhan, waxa uu xajin ah dadka oo qaraami ah oo masraxa adduunka oo dhan oo wuxuu sameeyey wax badan oo ka mid ah geeddi-socodka in ay buuxiyaan GTSTM ururinta ma aysan joogsan. Intaa waxaa dheer, Bakhrushin ahaa awoodaan si ay u kala iibsiga si ay u matxafka soo bandhigaa badan oo qiimo leh ka soo ururin gaar ahaaneed ay la. Sidaas darteed, wuxuu kaalin weyn in ilaalinta ee dhaxalka dhaqanka ee Empire Ruush ee jiilalka mustaqbalka.

Ka dib markii Bahrushina dhimasho A. A. ee 1929 ayuu ka abuuray koox ku dhow-xidhantay ah oo shurako ah inuu sii wado shaqada, iyo 1990 in uu ururinta waxaa jiray oo ku saabsan hal milyan oo shuqullada tahay, jilayaasha waxyaabaha gaarka ah, waraaqaha, sawiro iyo koob ee gudaha iyo dibadda dhif. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in tobanka sano ee soo socda, waxa uu ahaa quruxsan adag GTSTM mar ka badbaaday balse dhan ahaa jirrabyadii post-perestroika muddo.

Matxafka maanta

Halkaa marka ay marayso GTSTM leedahay in ka badan 1.5 milyan oo alaabta, oo ay ku jiraan rarities badan, kuwaas oo si dhab ah u gaar ah oo ay leeyihiin ururinta weyn oo taariikhi ah oo ay ka mid ah qiimaha dhaqanka. Waxa ay qayb ka badan lagu iibsaday at xaraashka, lagu qabtay caasimadaha Yurub, ama soo bandhigay in ay ka soo farcamay oo ka mid ah fanaaniinta caanka ah. Iyada oo ay taasi Bakhrushin Tiyaatarka Museum hadda waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah ugu weyn dunida oo dhan, oo lagu kaydiyaa waxaa Dakatu of qurxinta, sameeyey by fannaaniinta Ruush caan ah, dharka jilayaasha aad u fiican, sawirada iyo sawirrada, buugaagta dhif ah, barnaamijyada iyo boodhadh qaab ah, iyo taageerayaal ka badan ayaa soo jiidatay of art masrixiyada iyo cilmi ka dal oo kala duwan.

ururinta waxaa ka mid ah "masraxa" by Golovin, Leon Bakst, Kustodiev, Yuon, Dobuzhinsky, Korovin, Exter, Roerich, Tatlin, Popova, Rodchenko, iyo fannaaniin kale oo caan ah.

GTSTM bandhig Joogtada ah ee degan qolalka dhowr ah, oo uu bilaabo in ololeeya ka - mid ka mid ah dhismayaasha yar halkaas oo gudaha asalka ilaaliyo, 19 dabayaaqadii - horraantii qarnigii 20aad. Waxaa jira laba daaqadaha ballaaran soo bandhigay waxyaabaha ay iska leeyihiin milkiilayaasha hore ee guri nagaadi ah - Bakhrushin. Waxaa ka mid ah soo bandhigaa ugu qiimaha badan in la ogaadaa kartaa sawir burush watercolor guriga naqshadeeyaha ugu K. Gippius, photos A. A. Bahrushina, wargeys lafdheerta la maqaal ku taariikhaysan 1913, ee deeqaha Museum of Academy Imperial ee Sciences. Waxaa, ee u ololeeya ah, waxaad ka arki kartaa daaqadaha wasakheeyey-galaas midabo in style Gothic. xiiso weyn waa safar ee xafiiska A. A. Bahrushina ah, halkaas oo qaar ka mid ah hanti gargaaraha shakhsiga ah iyo qoyskiisa.

Bakhrushin Museum: bandhigyo iyo ku dheehan

Maanta, gaadhista joogto ah ka wakiil yahay oo keliya qayb yar oo ah GTSTM ballaaran ururinta. Sidaas daraaddeed dhagaystayaasha bartaan yaabaa la, soo bandhigaa oo kale oo aan ka yarayn oo xiiso leh, bandhigyo museum Bakhrushin si joogto ah u qabtay, iyo sidoo kale ka qeyb qaadanaya dhacdooyin kala duwan abaabulay magaalooyinka kale ee dalka iyo dibadda. Gaar ahaan, June 12 bilawday mashruucan ka go'an in ay dharka masrixiyada, abuuray in muddada u dhaxaysa 1990 ilaa maantadan la joogo, oo maalmo yar ka hor in dhismaha depository museum ee Tverskoy Boulevard . 11, bogga 2, furay bandhiga, kuwaas oo loo arki karaa horumar ah ee Boodhkan masrixiyada labada qarniyo soo dhaafay.

Uruurinta ugu qiimaha badan

Bakhrushin museum faanaa uruuriyaa of art masrixiyada madaxtooyada (dhamaadka 18-aad - dhammaadkii qarnigii 20aad), iyo qalabka lagu qoray on taariikhda tiyaatarka Ruush isla muddadaas. lacagaha ay sidoo kale ku kaydsan archives Bakhrushins, S. I. Zimina, Kshesinskaia Mamontov, M. I. Petipa, TL-Shchepkina Kupernik, Chamber Tiyaatarka, GOSET iyo ururinta documents iyaga GosTIMa. Sun. Meyerhold.

Matxafka mar walba diyaar u yahay in la siiyo gargaar suurtagal ah oo dhan baadhayaashu. Gaar ahaan, kuwa ku hawlan barashada taariikhda farshaxanka, isticmaali kartaa macluumaadka ku kaydsan lacag ay. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay si ay u qoraan warqad rasmi ah madaxa magaca museum iyo tilmaamaya jihada uu baaris iyo ujeedada. Sidoo kale, lacag aad ka dalban karto dib u qaadashada ah ee soo bandhigaa matxafka.

laamaha

Soo bandhigid Space Museum Bakhrushin aan ku xaddidnayn dhismaha ugu weyn ka mid ah oo keliya, dhisay by dhise Karl Gippius ee 1896. Sida hore u soo sheegnay, waxa uu leeyahay sagaal laamood, oo ay ku jiraan guriga-matxafyada Shchepkina Yermolova, Ostrovsky, iyo sidoo kale museum-guri Meyerhold, qoyska Mironov Menaker, Ulanova, Pluchek iyo kuwa kale.

Reviews

Museum Bahrushina A. A. - meel waa xaqiiqo ah oo qiimihiisu booqasho. Arrintan waxa xaqiijiyay dib u eegista badan. Gaar ahaan, kuwa soo booqday matxafka, ayaa sheegay in ay qaab cajiib ah isku darka of xubno gudaha iyo Gothic modernistic. Kooxda martida aheyd ayaa ka farxisay sida Hanuuniyaa ee gaadhsiin doonaa macluumaad ku saabsan nooca Bakhrushins iyo taariikhda tiyaatarka Ruush. badan oo ra'yi-celin wanaagsan Gaar ahaan waxaa la maqli karaa cinwaanka shaqaalaha ka howl gala barnaamijka loogu talagalay carruurta, oo ka kooban tours iyo soo bandhigidda interactive.

Sida ee dareenkaa u xun, cabashooyinka ugu waa aragti xun si xilgaarsiin ah ee visitors museum sameeya comments hab qallafsan iyo iyaga dhaqsatay, iyagoo aan ka fiirsan aamusnaan soo bandhigaa xiiso leh ka.

Bakhrushin museum: sida aad u heli

hay'ad Address: Moscow, Bakhrushin Street, 31/12. dhismaha ugu weyn waxa uu ku yaalaa meel u dhow saldhigga metro ah "Paveletskaya" on line giraanta, sidaas darteed waxaa si fudud ka dhan qeybo ka mid ah magaalada la heli karo. Tusaale ahaan, on Leninsky Prospekt in ay tirada taraamka 39 ka metro ah "Serpukhov" - lambarka baska 25, iyo saldhigga "China Town" - lambarka baska 158.

xafladda

Bakhrushin Museum, taasoo soo bandhigaysaa photo kor ku xusan, waxaa aan ku xaddidnayn dibad of rarities. Gaar ahaan, tan iyo 2002, wuxuu abaabulay xafladda hay'ad samafal ah, taas oo uu horey u noqdaan dhaqanka. Sida caadiga ah waxaa la qabtaa in qeybtii labaad ee May - in toddobaadka ugu horreeya ee bisha June ka mid ah magaalooyinka iyo jid kasta oo xidhiidh la leh magacyada isxigaan caanka Ruush ah oo qarniyo soo dhaafay. Ujeedada iidda - inaan soo nooleeyo dhaqanka ee samafal Ruush, oo ay ku jiraan meelo fog fog.

mode hawlgalka, tours iyo qiimaha tigidhada

Bakhrushin Museum u furan yahay ka soo 12:00 si 19.00 oo dhan maalmood ee toddobaadka laga reebo Isniinta. Output (caafimaadka) waa Friday la soo dhaafay bil kasta. In xagaaga matxafka uma shaqeeyo sidoo Talaado.

booqashooyinka Free waa u suurtoobaan on 18 iyo 27 March iyo 18 April sida taariikhda ku dhacaa Ixtifaalka of matxafyada, tiyaatarrada iyo taxadiri ilaalinta. Inta kale ee tigidhka buuxa kharash 200 rubles. Waxaa jira ahaaneed, kaas oo ardayda iyo dadka hawlgabka ah ku kici doono 100 rubles. Si aad u galaan matxafka waa iibsan daboolida kabaha ku kacaysaa 10 rubles. Waxaa suurto gal ah inay jartaan tours kooxaha waaweyn iyo qoyska 2-5 dadka.

Hadda oo aad ogtahay waxa caan Bakhrushin Museum (cinwaanka: Bakhrushina str, 31/12.), Taas oo muujinaysa waxaa soo abaabulay iyo sida loo kala yimid meelo kala duwan ee magaalada waxaa aad u hesho.