Artist Shishkin: sawirro leh magacyo

Magaca Ivan Ivanichich Shishkin waa yaqaan qof kasta oo ka soo jeeda caruurnimadiisii: waa rinjiyeyntiisa oo lagu sawiray qashinka "nadiifinta". Marka lagu daro shaqadan aadka u wanaagsan, riwaayaduhu waxay leeyihiin daraasiin dad kale oo kuxiran derbiyada matxafyada ugu fiican adduunka.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin farshaxankiisa la horyaal oo ku yaal Tretyakov Gallery ah

«Kiniiniga lafaha. Mastwood ee gobolka Vyatka "," Kaynta qallafsan "," Daqiiqada Daaqa "," Oaks. Fiidkii, "Pines, iftiin qorraxda", "Dubki", "Kalluunka Countre Mordvinova. Peterhof "," Pond in the park old "," Rye "," Subaxdii Pine Forest "," Noon. Meelaha ay ka socdaan Moscow "," Walking in the Woods "- kani waa mid yar, laakiin qummanaanta uruurinta shaqada ee farshaxanka weyn ee Ruushka ah. Tani waa Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin. Sawirro leh magacyada - tirade laba iyo tobanka xayawaan - waxay ku yaalaan Tretyakov Gallery, kuwaas oo dalxiisayaal ka socda adduunka oo dhan oo doonaya in ay soo booqdaan, Muscovites waa farsamo dhab ah oo farshaxan.

"Subaxii Pine Forest"

In the 80-90-mada ay qarnigii XIX ah, waxay ku qoran ugu farshaxanka caanka ah ee Shishkin. Iyadoo magacyadii farshaxanka ahaa mid fudud, laakiin waqti isku mid ah: isagu ma uusan dooran xayndaabyada iyo tusaalayaasha, sababtoo ah taas macnaheedu waxa weeye midka lab ah. "Subax ee Pine Forest ah" - a classic muuqaalka macquul Ruush. Markaad fiiriso daaqada, way adagtahay in la fahmo in tani aysan ahayn sawir, laakiin sawir - si aad u fiican Shishkin waxaa loo gudbiyaa ciyaarta iftiinka iyo hooskii, iyo sidoo kale dhaqdhaqaaqyada astaamihiisa muhiimka ah - oo ah saddexda dhudhun. Meelaha mugdiga ah ee kaynta, marxaladda qorraxda qorraxda ee jebisa taajaha culus ee dhirta ayaa muujinaya wakhtiga maalintii, xaaladdan subaxa.

Ka shaqeynta rinjiyeynta waxay dhacday 1889-kii. Shishkin waxaa ka caawiyay fanaanka Savitsky, oo markii hore ku adkeystay qoraaga mucjisooyinka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aruuriyaha Tretyakov ayaa tirtiray saxiixiisii waxana uu amar ku bixiyay in sawirku noqdo maskax ahaan maskax ahaan Ivan Shishkin. Taariikhyahanada farshaxanka ayaa cadeeyay in "Subaxdii Pine Forest" ay ka soo baxday dabiiciga. Rooterku wuxuu doortay xayawaan oo noqon kara calaamad u ah kaynta Ruushka: daaq khafiif ah, ama caarad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, labada koowaad ee ugu yar ayaa jecel Shishkin. In search of haboon ee orso oo alwaax ku haboon, uu u safray oo dhan u taliya gobolka Vyatka, iyo qoyska brown la kulmay waxaa uu dhamaystay xasuusta. Laga soo bilaabo waqtigii fikradda ah dhamaystirka hawsha dukumiintiga ah ee dukumiintiga, waxay qaadatay 4 sano, iyo maanta "Morning in the Pine Forest" oo ku yaal Galbeedka Tretyakov, sida sawirada farshaxanka Shishkin (wax dhibaato ah kuma laha magacyada, dhammaan shaqooyinka ayaa la saxiixay).

"Waqooyiga Wild"

Raadinta sawiradan caanka ah, midkani ma caawin karo dib u soo celinta gabayada Lermontov ee gabayada Lermontov, taas oo ah sii socoshada dhulkan Shishkin: "Waa mid cidlo ah Dusha sare ee geedaha geedaha, iyo barafka, boodboodka, iyo barafka barafka Loo raaxaysto sida rhizo,". Shaqada waxaa loo diyaariyay sannad-guuradii 50-aad ee geerida Mikhail Yurievich waxayna noqotey mid muujinaysa mid ka mid ah sumcaddiisa. Qaar ka mid ah rinjiyeynta kale Ivan Shishkin (oo leh magacyo) ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray buugaagta sheekooyinka, taas oo caddaynaysa ka qayb qaadashada qiimaha muusikada ee horumarinta farshaxanka Ruush ee qarnigii XIX.

Artist Byalynitsky-Biruly wuxuu si weyn uga mahad celiyay duurka "Waqooyiga Wild" wuxuuna ka hadlayay in Lermontov uu ku faraxsanaan lahaa in uu arko sheeko u qalantan sida gabaykiisa. Sida gabayo leh erayada, iyo burushka leh rinjiga, rinjiyuhu wuxuu kiciyaa dabeecadda, xaaladdan - qosol iyo wax yar oo murugo leh. Ujeedada cakirnaanta waa mid cad: qadka qorraxdu waxay u egtahay geed geed, taas oo ka soo baxday inta ka hadhay kaynta, laamaha ay ka culus yihiin barafka dhacay. Madaxa waa buluug buluug ah, kor ku xusan waa caddaan, laakiin cirif murugo leh. Baraf cad oo cad, qabsada saddex daloolow saddex sawir, ayaa iftiimaya qorraxda, laakiin looma dhicin inuu dhalo, sababtoo ah cimilada waqooyiga waa dufan aad u daran.

"Rye"

masterpiece Tani, lagu yaqaan in ay saaxiibbo badan ee rinjiyeynta tan iyo carruurnimada, waxaa lagu qoray 1878. rinjiyeynta The "Rye" xambaarsanyahay, oo dhulka ballaadhkiisa Ruush iyo nafta oo ka mid ah dadka Ruush, saddex meelood laba shiraac ah qaadataa samada buluug ah oo leh daruuraha cad yar yahay, iyo inta kale ee bannaan ee khusaysa Rye beerta, qaar ka mid ah Halka dhirta geedaha sare u koraan. Geedkani wuxuu waligiis u noqonayaa calaamad muujinaysa dhulka Ruushka. Fiiri sawirka "Rye", midkani ma caawin karo in uu xasuusto xariiqyada gabayada O. Mandelstam: "Oo geedku wuxuu ku dhacaa xiddigta ...". Haddii gabaygu ku noolaa inta lagu jiro qoraalka sawirka, waxaa dhici karta in qaabkan uu amaahdo Shishkin. Sawirro leh magacyada sawirqaadahan waxay soo gudbinayaan fududaanta, naxariis iyo qoto dheer ee naftiisa, laakiin fikradda shaqadu waxay noqotaa mid la fahmi karo kaddib marka la eego muddo dheer oo xeel dheer. Magaca "Rye", sida ay u muuqato in jaleecada hore, ma jirto wax la yaab leh oo xiiso leh, laakiin waxaa habboon in la eego geedaha cirridka ah ee u taagan halyeeyada, waxay u muuqataa in dhirtu yihiin nooc ka mid ah difaacayaasha beeraha galley iyo dhammaan dhulka Ruushka.

"Wiilka Talyaaniga ah"

Ivan Shishkin wuxuu ahaa fanaankii ugu quruxda badnaa ee runtii Ruushka ah, sidaas darteed wuxuu u tixgeliyey waajibkiisa in uu sawir ka muujiyo muraayadaha kaliya ee dusha sare ah, laakiin sidoo kale sawirro, kuwaas oo aan ahayn wax badan oo ka mid ah ururinta rinji-ga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tayada qoraagu maaha mid hoos udhaca - taasi waa qiimeeynaysa shaqada "wiilka Talyaaniga". Sannadka qorista sawir aan la garanayn, laakiin malaha Ivan Ivanovich wuxuu abuuray xilligii dambe ee shaqada. Sifooyinka la midka ah waxay la mid yihiin sawirada iskudhafka ah oo ay Shishkin qudheedu shaqaysay 1856. Sawirro (oo leh magacyo), intooda badani waxay matalaan muuqaalka, waxay ku yaalaan Tretyakov Gallery iyo hay'ado kale oo madaxbanaan, laakiin qaddarka "wiilka Talyaaniga" ayaan weli la aqoon.

"Kaynta kaynta"

Dhirta qallafsan - dhacdo isdaba joog ah, oo soo bandhigay Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich. Sawirro leh magacyada "Pine Forest", "Logs. Tawxiidka Konstantinovka oo u dhow Krasnoe Selo "iyo" Qodista kaynta "ayaa sida ugu fiican u muujisa. Shaqadii ugu dambeysay ee qoraaga waa tan ugu caansan. Shishkin waxay ka shaqaysay "Woodcutting" 1867-dii intii lagu jiray safar ay ku tagtay Valaam. Qurxinta geedka geedo, majiraan iyo difaac la'aan, ayaa badanaa lagu soo bandhigay Ivan Ivanovich on canvases, iyo daqiiqad markii uu soo bandhigay cawaaqibka ah ee soo duulay ee dadka galay dalal bikro ah gaar ahaan naxdin leh. Maxaa sugaya geedaha intiisa kale ee ka soo jeedo asalkooda waxaa loo yaqaan Shishkin isaga laftiisa, laakin la jarjiray xididada ciridka oo keena nostalgia oo ka markhaati fura nin dabeecadda ka weyn.