Waa maxay difaaca dadban iyo dabiiciga ah?

difaaca martigeliyaha ay lid wareer ah, cudurada iyo fiiruska. Kala difaaca dadban, marka antibodies horeba ay joogaan iyo difaacaan. Active sidoo kale ku shaqeeya marka jidhka bini'aadamka soo saara unugyo sabab u ah falcelin cudur ama tallaalka.

Noocyada habab ilaaliya

Total mucaaradka in ay caabuq la saameeyay laba qaybood:

• difaaca dadban;
• difaaca firfircoon.

ooday shaqeynta ka dhanka ah bakteeriyada waa inay horumariyaan limfosaytis gaar ah. Arintaan waxaa lagu go'aamiyey tiro by hababka shaybaarka. Xasaanadda dadban ku tilmaamay antibody IgM, IgG.

Dhakhaatiirta isticmaalaan ereyga "avidity" - oo xoog bond ee unugyada cudur. Soocista loo baahan yahay si loo ogaado awooda ay u shaqeeyo ah in ay iska caabin cudurka hadda. At natiijooyin xun ee therapy ah si kor loogu qaado difaaca jirka macmal dadban.

ilaalinta firfircoon

difaaca dadban waa hore u joogay ee jirka, halka qayb firfircoon soo saaro jidhka darawalka:

• tallaalka,
• virus cell ama cudur kale.

difaac Active waxaa loo qaybiyaa by habka of formation:

• dabiiciga ah - antibody soo saaray la dagaalanka unugyada pathogenic;
• macmal ah - dhacdaa ka dib markii maamulka tallaalka.

2 dhistaa ooday si cudurada. unugyada difaaca dabiiciga ah, Baadi jidhka si toos ah u dilaan bakteeriyada. nidaamka Non-difaaca jirka waa set oo ah hawlaha oo dheeraad ah. Tani waxaa ka mid ah maqaarka, xub-axaleedka.

The element ilaalinta asaasiga ah waxa uu ku yaalaa mindhicirka. Axaleedka baabbi'iyaa sheyga waxyeelada leh ku xanibmeen jirka iyaga oo maraya hunguriga. Sidaa darteed waxaa loo baahan yahay si ay u ilaaliyaan xaalad caafimaad ee microflora ah.

Dawladdu waxay of-axaleedka gudaha u saameeyay arrimo badan: hurdo nasasho leh, nafaqada, xanuun, stress, stroke kulaylka. Marka dhan wareer ku baaro unugyada difaaca bilaabaan in walxaha qalaad. difaac dabiici ah soo iibsatay ama noqdo xalka ugu danbeeya, waayo, jidhka la nadiifiyo ka dhacay.

ilaalinta firfircoonayn

difaaca dadban Artificial in aadanuhu uu bilaabo in uu soo saaro in arrimaha soo socda:

• wareegaya dhiig gamma globulin serum markii ay maamusho;
• antibodies wada ahaayeen la shubay dhiig shisheeye.

Xaalad la mid ah ayaa lagu arkay ilmaha yaryar. globulins gamma ka hooyadiis u gudbi kartaa ilmaha. Qalabka ka hortaga waxaa la soo saaray oo kaliya in cuduradaas iyo infekshannada in qof dumar ah ayaa buka ama kaas oo tallaalka la gaarsiiyey.

difaac dabiici ahayn dadban waa ka firfircoon in ugu danbeyn u baaba'aa kala duwan. Ilmaha dhashay difaaca oo ka soo jeeda hooyada iska lix bilood ku baxayn. Saameyn la mid ah ayaa lagu arkay markii antibodies serum maamula ilaaliyaan unugyada halka globulin gamma ee dhiigga ku jira.

siyaabo lagu taageero jidhka

hab nololeed firfircoon kicisaa difaac. Dadban yaraynaysaa habka dheefshiidka ee jirka oo kor u gumaysigii by sheyga pathogenic. Saamaynta xun yahay waxyaabo waxyeello, khamriga, sigaarka.

lactobacillus dabiiciga ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa si kor loogu qaado midab jidhka. Hoggaansamaan cunto caafimaad. diyaarinta Pharmaceutic soo wada xushay la immunologist. Kormeer gobolka jidhku waa suurto gal by baaritaan shaybaar waayo immunoglobulins. In cudurada raaga, tallaabadan ayaa noqonaya mid aad u lagama maarmaan ah.

Dhowr nooc oo kala duwan oo ay hawshooda difaaca cudurka gaar ah:

• toxoids - tallaalka sunta bakteeriyada (saamaynta daroogada ku ool ah oo ka hortaga teetanada, pertussis);
• tallaalka fayruska aan nooleyn - sida caadiga ah lagu qabtay hargabka, ku salaysan oo isticmaalaya bakteeriyada dilay sidoo kale ka shaqeeya dhanka ah tick ka dhasha encephalitis, tetanus,
• unugyada cudurada ku nool - dhimay sheyga dhaqaajiso difaaca jidhka uu.

note

difaaca dadban Dabiiciga ah waxaa la aasaasay si ay u cudur gaar ah, sunta, virus. Jirku wuxuu islana xaaladaha beddelo, qoondaysaa limfosaytis unugyada difaaca. antibodies Artificial waa la isku durayaa oo waxaa jira waqti gaaban.

Marka iibsiga dabiiciga ah ee unugyada hooyada ilmaha ilmaha si ay u horumariyaan ilaalinta ilaa lix bilood. Marka la eego hab dhaqanka kuwa dhawrsada ee waalidiinta dhallaanka ah, yaraynaysaa halista ah ee da'da hore.

Hooyooyinka mari laga ilaaliyo ilmaha cudurada qorista Kaganacsiga dalka. Tani waxay dhacdaa inta lagu guda jiro formation of quudinta ilmaha caloosha iyo naaska. Sidaa darteed, dhakhaatiirta ma ku talinaynaa hore in la siiyo ilaa quudinta naaska, maxaa yeelay, waa nidaamka difaaca jirka laga sameeyey dhowrkii bilood ee ugu horeysay.