Tihonov Nikolay Semenovich: Biography, sawiro

Tihonov Nikolay Semenovich, kuwaas oo Biography ku xidhan yahay gabayada Soviet, uu siiyay si ay hawsha ma aha oo kaliya matxafka nolosha, laakiin sidoo kale uu gobolka. naqdiya suugaanta bartey waxaa la xiriira "heerka labaad" mid ah gabayayaashiinnu Ruush, halka Abwaan ayaa codkiisa u gaar ah, wax badan oo guulo hal abuur leh iyo wanaagga.

Childhood Family iyo

November 22, 1896 ee St. Petersburg ayaa ku dhashay Nikolai Tikhonov, Biography gaaban waxaa lagu tilmaamay hadal keliya: "Abwaan The", oo waa warqad caasimadda ah. Its asal ahaan waa gudaheedana sinaba uma siiyay doorasho ah iyo waddooyinka sida mustaqbalka. Wuxuu u muuqday in qoyska ka mid ah mid aad u fudud oo is-hoosaysiiya. Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa jare fudud ah, oo hooyadiis - seamstress a. dakhliga qoyska ka badan suubban, lacag dirqi ku filan baahiyaha lagama maarmaanka ah. Waxay ku noolaa guriga caanka on Morskaya Street, halkaas oo mar waxaa jiray Pushkin iyo Herzen. Laakiin inta lagu guda jiro Tikhonov waxay ahayd guriga ka lahaa masaakiinta, qol mugdi yar, nalalka la shito, xaaladda xun. Jawiga taas oo Abwaan mustaqbalka ku soo koray, ma ay lahayn si kasta oo ay u formation of jacaylka farshaxanka. Waalidiinta macno beesadood soo ururiyay carruurta ku siiyo ugu yaraan waxbarasho ay yar tahay.

waxbarashada

Tihonov Nikolay bartey in ficil ahaan madax bannaan akhriska iyo qoraalka ee toddoba sannadood. Markaas waalidka aan helay hab iyo diray wiilka inaad wax ka barato dugsiyada dadweynaha on Post Office Street. Waxa uu jecel yahay inuu wax akhriyo, gaar ahaan horana ay taariikhda iyo juqraafiga. Markaasuu wuxuu ahaa awood u sii wato waxbarashadiisa dugsiga Ganacsiga, laakiin at 15 buu lahaa in ay ka tagaan sida qoyska ka mid ah u baahan oo kaalmo, oo isagu wuxuu lahaa si ay u tagaan in ay ka shaqeeyaan. More in isaga lagu baran inuu ku soo laabto dhicin. Dhab ahaantii Tikhonov ahaa is-baray, wuxuu ka buugaag Siibay aqoonta, waa shaqo xiiso ku saabsan dalalkan fog iyo adventures waxay isagii hor geeyeen sare ee waxqabad ee suugaanta.

laga bilaabo wadada

dugsiga sare ka dib, Nicholas u baxay inuu ka shaqeeyo sidii karraaniba maareynta dhaqaalaha ee badda. At da'da 19, wuxuu u tegey si ay hawsha military, saddex sannadood isna wuxuu u adeegay in Hussars ah, Abwaan ka qayb dagaallada dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. In 1918, ka dib markii Revolution October ee Tikhonov biiray madaxda sare ee Ciidanka Cas, saddex sano oo difaacaneysa xuquuqda gobolka Soviet cusub gudahood.

Isaga oo gabay ugu horeysay by Nikolai Tikhonov goor hore ku qoray, at 18 jir uu ka kooban oo shuqulladaadii hore. Uu daabacaadan ugu horeysay u muuqday markii uu ahaa 22 sano jir. In 1922, Nicholas waxaa ka dhigista ka iyo ciidanka iyo go'aanka khaas ah si ay u noqdaan qoraa. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan uu ku biiro ka avant-garde arrimuhu suugaanta, uu noqdo xisbi ururka "Serapion Brothers" si wadajir ah ula qorayaasha sida Kaverin, Zoshchenko, Fedin, Slonimsky. In muddada Tikhonov waxaa si xoog leh u saameeyay acmeism iyo Gumilev.

sano oo guulo

In hore ee 1920, Nikolai Tikhonov, sawirka waxaa inta badan Kulaashaan in saxaafadda Soviet, waa koox ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu tayo leh oo aad loo jecel yahay. Wuxuu daabacdaa gabay ururinta "Sami" "Horde" iyo "Braga". Uu "Balcad musmaarrada" macno ahaan fahamsan dhigyo iyo xigashooyin. Tan iyo dabayaaqadii 20-mada Tikhonov u safri wax badan, ayuu booqday Caucasus, Ukraine, Belarus, Uzbekistan iyo Turkmenistan. saaxiibo wuxuu ka dhigay dad badan oo ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu oo ka mid ah Jamhuuriyadda siweyn looga iyo in muddo this dhigaysa badan oo turjumaadda Joorijiyaan, Dagestan, Belarus, Usbakis, lyrics Yukreeniyaan. In 1935 wuxuu ahaa diray inay France si Congress ah, "In Difaaca ee dunida." Sida Abwaan ayaa si firfircoon uga taageerto line oo ka mid ah xisbiga iyo xukuumadda, uu si ay u daabacaan a badan, safarka, ku hadlo dadweynaha. In 1939, Tikhonov mar kale la duubay ee ciidanka, wuxuu ka qayb War Ruush-Finnish ah sida a Wariyaha dagaal iyo editor of "Difaacida hooyo ah". Inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida oo uu ka shaqeeyay in maamulka siyaasadeed ee Front Leningrad ee. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan uu aad u badan oo gabayada tix iyo tiraab, oo saxaafadda u qoray.

mudada Subxigu

Dagaalka ka dib, Nikolai Tikhonov, gabayaa la dhalashada dhalaalaysa, siiyaa xoog dheeraad ah si ay shaqada bulshada. Tan iyo 1949, wuxuu madax Guddiga Soviet Peace, ka dibna Golaha Nabadda Adduunka. Wakhtigan, wuxuu ka dhigaa wax badan oo safar dibada ee Yurub iyo Shiinaha. Tan iyo 1944, ka shaqeeya oo ah guddoomiyaha Midowga Soviet Writers, ka dibna galo madaxda sare ee hoggaanka ururka shaqaalaha. Tan iyo 1946, sanadihii la soo dhaafay uu ahaa ku-xigeenka Soviet Sare ee RSFSR ah, Moscow Soviet. Sidaas waxa qoray wargayska in muddo this, Tikhonov waa wax badan ka yar waqti halganka gubaya colka line xisbiga la. In 1947, uu si firfircoon uga qeyb ka ahaa ee halganka ka dhanka ah cosmopolitanism, dhaleeceeyay buugga "Pushkin iyo World Suugaanta". Tartiib tartiib ah hiwaayad shirarka, miyi iyo qaab kor u qaadataa waqti oo dhan, waxaa izzhivaya Abwaan.

oo dhaxalkaygiina gabay

Tihonov Nikolay Semenovich, kuwaas oo Biography ula lala maamulka Soviet, ka tagay ma aha mid aad hodan, laakiin xiiso leh oo dhaxalkaygiina gabay. In uu boorsooyinka ka badan 10 gabayo, ugu caansan kuwaas oo "isu" iyo "Expression". Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe 10 uruuriyaa gabayada copyright. The ugu caan ahaayeen "Laba iyo toban ballads", "Braga" iyo "Shadow of saaxiib." Shuqullada labaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ayaa sidoo kale la rinjiyeeyay fikirka, taas oo si weyn u dhimay ay wax lays iyo qiimaha farshaxanka. Uu gabayada ayaa had iyo jeer wadaninimo hanti, xamaasad bulshada ay si cad oo wax ku ool ah ka muujiyeen. Dagaalka ka dib, wuxuu ka Doortaa dulucda ugu weyn ee uu shaqada - taasi waa nolosha iyo waayo-aragnimada ninka caadiga ah. Askariga, ina kalluumaysato ah, beeralay ah - Abwaan wuxuu doonayaa inuu u sheego oo ku saabsan dareenkooda of jacaylka hooyo ah, wacyiga ka tirsan dhiso dawlad weyn oo xoogga dadka iyo caddaaladda.

tiraab Tikhonov

Waxa intaa dheer in gabayada, ayuu qoray Tihonov Nikolay badan oo tiraab, iyo qaar ka mid ah sheekooyin gaagaaban iyo maqaalo waa ay ka sareeyaan xoogga lyrics uu talent. Uu tiraab - riyooyinkiinna carruurnimada iyo dareenkaa u soo laabto la hubo. Sidaas daraaddeed, sheekada "Vamberi" sheegayaa saabsan adventures ah Orientalist iyo Musaafurka. Qaar ka mid ah sheekooyinka iyo tixaha eg Rudyard Kipling. Tikhonov u egtahay in ay ka hadlaan dalalka kale, oo ku saabsan dagaalka ka caddaaladda, si shuqulladiisu u leeyihiin sida ciidan waxbarasho weyn, iyo inta badan ka akhriyin dugsiyada. Intii uu noolaa la daabacay toddoba ururin sheekooyin gaaban oo tixaha, ugu caan ahaayeen "Dhaarta ee Xagaa ah," "Sheekooyinka Leningrad", "Double Rainbow". Tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay Tikhonov qoray xusuus, wayna ka baxaan ee buugga "Writer iyo xilligii" ee 1972. Of danta waa weyn yahay ee ay dhaxal ahaan saxaafadda. Works of muddo dagaalka, safri maqaalo kitaabkii "guuraa" sheegayaa geesinimo ah ee dadka caadiga ah, si ay isu Adkaan magaca fikradaha.

Awards iyo guulihii

Tihonov Nikolay jeer xusay by Dowladda USSR ee uu hawlaha waddani. Isagu waa qofka keliya, marka laga reebo LI Brezhnev waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Nobel Lenin iyo Lenin International Prize "waayo, nabad baa u dhexaysay dadyowga." In 1966, wuxuu ahaa qoraa ugu horeysay ka helay horyaalka sharaf of Hero of Socialist Labour. Saddex jeer oo uu ku abaal Prize Stalin ee, wuxuu ahaa saddex jeer abaal Order of Lenin, Order of Banner Cas ee Kacaanka Oktoobar, dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, Red shaqada Banner. Nikolai Semenovich sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa qaataha ah ee abaalmarino badan, oo ay ku jiraan caalamiga ah, laba jeer helay Prize Gobolka.

meel dadweynaha

Nikolay Semenovich Tihonov nolosha oo dhan ayaa u doode warka badan awoodda Soviet. Waxa uu u soo ciyaaray hadafyada iyada lyrics uu, sidoo kale taribuunka dadweynaha kala duwan. Waxa uu taageeray line in halganka ka dhanka cosmopolitanism xisbiga, balse ma aysan taageero eedeymaha ka dhanka ah Akhmatova iyo Zoshchenko iyo bixisay waxaa madaxweyne ka ah ururka shaqaalaha Writers. Laakiin 1973 wuxuu ka mid qorayaasha kale waxay ahayd warqad lagu taageerayo eedeymaha ka dhanka ah u saxiixay Sakharov iyo hawlaha anti-Soviet Solzhenitsyn ee.

nolosha Personal

Nikolai Tikhonov, kuwaas oo Biography loo yaqaan taxne kore iyo hal abuur leh moral, ku noolaa nolol xad barwaaqo ah, maaraynta si looga fogaado dhibaatooyin badan in sugi Gabayaana waxaa kale oo ay jidka ku galay suugaanta. Waxa uu ahaa in ay dhex maraan afar dagaallo, laakiin ha ku dhaawacmay si xun u awoodaan. Wuxuu ahaa saaxiib la ah qorayaasha badan oo aannu mar, xataa ka dib markii dulli gurigiisa had iyo jeer iman kara M.Zoshchenko oo heli xiiso saaxiibtinimo. Saaxiibkiis aamin Abwaan ahayd Mariya Konstantinovna Nesluhovskaya. Waxay ahayd artist ah oo sannado badan ka shaqeeyey tiyaatarka puppet ah. Xaaska saamayn xoog leh ku saabsan horumarinta Tikhonov, dhab ahaantii, iyada waxaa ku hawlan horumarinta iyo waxbarashada, oo ma uu helin. Labada nin ayaa wada noolaa muddo ka badan 50 sano. Carruurta laba ma ay lahayn. In 1975, Maria Konstantinovna dhintay, oo ka tagay iyo Nikolai Semenovich afar sano. Abwaan waxaa lagu aasay qabuuraha ku Peredelkino. Waxaa la magacaabay ka dib markii jidka ku Makhachkala.