The ugu weyn ee shilka dunida. The ugu xumaa ee shilka dunida

Man ayaa mar walba ku riyoon jiray duulaya samada. khuraafaadka Giriigga ee hore u sheegin in Daedalus iyo wiilkiisii Icarus ridan samada iyadoo la kaashanayo baalashaada, kaas oo loo sameeyey baadad dun wax.

Iyo ugu weyn saynisyahan, hindisa iyo artist Leonardo da Vinci mar abuuray Dakatu ee aan caadi ahayn diyaaradaha. Waxa uu isticmaalayo awood muruq aadanaha si ay samada dhex duusha oo ah buu u ballaadhan yahay.

Dadka ayaa isku dayaya intii wakhti dheer ah si ay u abuuraan mashiinada duulaya sida. Oo dhigay ...

Taariikhda shilalka hawada dunida ee

Duulimaadka ugu horeysay ee samada bilaabay qarnigii XIX goor dambe. Isla mar ahaantaana, iyo waxa la moodayay in ay hogaanka u statistics caalamiga ah ee shilalka. In horumarka duulimaadka ee diyaaradda (xamuulka iyo kuwa rakaabka) Shil hawada dunida sii kordheysa waxay bilaabeen inay dhacaan. Statistics Doomaha ay cajiib koray ilaa 1970. Iyo in 70 sano waa meesha ugu sarreysa oo ka mid ah musiibooyin laga cabsado oo cirka jooga.

In mustaqbalka, ay sabab u kaca ee technology casriga ah, horumar ah ee qalabka duulista, iyo shuruudaha adag iyo xeerarka nabadgelyada ee 80s waxaa bilaabeen inay dhacaan yaraynta tirada shilal ay ku lug diyaaradaha. Waxaa hoos u dhaqdhaqaaqa ee shilalka ka 616 in 15.689 ku dhintay 70 sano in ka badan 300 masiibooyinka la dilay 8000 2000 ka.

Of shil dunida, ay juqraafi

Juquraafi this statistics yaaba murugo shilalka qaadataa Maraykanka. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixin ku heli karo Aviation Safety Network, ee dalka ka 1945 ilaa maantadan la joogo, waxaa galaafatay tiro badan oo diyaaradaha rakaabka - in ka badan 630. Ugu shilalka, kuwaas oo lagu dilay in ka badan 9,000 oo qof.

Russia, nasiib daro, waxaa kaalinta labaad ku jira tiro this. Tan iyo 1945 ee Midowga Soofiyeeti ee wakhtigaas iyo Russia casriga ah waxaa ku jiray in ka badan 200 shil oo cirka jooga. Iyada oo in ka badan 5,000 dhintay.

Kaalinta Sedaxaad - dambeeya Colombia.

Tirada ugu yar ee shilalka - in Ecuador.

Statistics Qaybinta shilalka hawada ee sannadihii la soo dhaafay by dalka

March 27, 1977 lagu calaamadeeyay rikoor adduunka ah tirada dhibbaneyaasha in shilka. aagga Tenerife si lama filaan ah soo wajahay laba dalaka "747" airline loo yaqaan "Pan-America" iyo KLM. Markaas dhibaneyaashu waxay ahaayeen 583 oo qof.

Tirada guud ee shilalka diyaaradaha ayaa si joogto ah u koraya ee dunida.

airline ayaa ugu khatarta badan adduunka, sida lagu sheegay "ammaanka ee hadda" (magazine Swedish), waa Soviet "Aeroflot". Sida laga soo xigtay iyaga, tirakoobka shilalka ee dunida waxay muujinaysaa in 1 milyan oo duulimaad ka mid ah "Aeroflot" in ka badan 18 masiibooyinka. kaalinta labaad ee liiska this murugo waa diyaaradaha Taiwan ee - in ka badan 11 shilalka halkii milyan tageen. kaalinta saddexaad for Masar (in ka badan 11), ka dibna - Hindiya (in ka badan 10), Turkey, China, Philippines, South Korea iyo Poland - on 41 milyan oo duulimaad ka badan 6 shilalka. Company -South-West (USA) - The ugu ammaanka badan. On 1.8 milyan oo duulimaad ka mid ah diyaaradaha shirkada ma dhici masiibooyinka kasta.

Tirada ugu badan ee dhibbanayaasha shil dunida

Jadwalkan waxa uu ka dhigan shil ugu xumaa diyaarad ee dunida.

Sharaxaad ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah ay dadi

In March 1974, ka dib markii furitaanka of qol xamuul Faransiis DC-10 Airline THY Turkish Airlines ee ku burburtay kaynta. Total - 346 dhintay.

Bishii Maarso 1977, isku dhaceen ee Boeing 747-206B (KLM) ka Boeing 747-121 (Pan Am) ku burburtay Islands Canary ee Tenerife. 583 dilay (shilka ee dunida ugu weyn ee hawada).

In May 1979, ee la xidhiidha dhaawaca nidaamka Haydarooliga of a diyaarad (American Airlines) DC-10 ku burburtay aagga Chicago. Dilkii 273 oo qof.

Bishii August 1980, ka dib markii deg deg ah diyaarada ee L-1011-200 Tristar (Saudi) ee Saudi Arabia (Riyadh) gubay. 301 qof ayaa lagu dilay.

Bishii June 1985, Badda Irish baabbi'inayay ku Boeing airline 747-237V Air India ka dib markii argagixisada qaraxa. Dilkii 329 oo qof.

In July 1988 uu hoos u toogtay by qalad doqonimo markabka gantaal military Vincennes (America) Airbus A300B2-202 (Iran Air). Tani waxay ka dhacay Khaliijka. 290 oo qof ayaa dhintay.

Bishii August 1985, wuxuu ku burburtay buurta Boeing 747SR (Japan Airlines) ee Tokyo. Waxa la yaab leh, halka afar ka badbaaday. Dilkii 520 oo qof.

In November 1996 in Charkhi-Dadra (India) waxaa jiray kulanka kale Boeing 747-168B (shirkad Saudi Arabian Airlines) la Kazakh Ilyushin-76TD. Total dilay halka 349 oo qof.

Bishii Janaayo 1996, magaalada Kinshasa ee suuqa Zaire dhacay Ant-32 buux. In ka badan 297 dhintay. 4 qof oo ka badbaaday markabka (markabka 5).

Iyada oo dhawaan sida July 17, 2014, dhulka Yukreeniyaan (60 kiiloomitir u jirta xuduudda la leh Russia), waxaa uu ahaa musiibo kale oo laga cabsado - burburtay (waxaa lagu toogtay hoos by ciidamada) diyuurad "Boeing-777" ( "Malaysia Airlines"). Dilkii 295 rakaab ah (oo ay ku jiraan 80 carruur ah), iyo shaqaalaha oo idil (15 qof). Ilaa iyo hadda, sababta dhabta ah ee masiibada aan si rasmi ah caddeeyo.

Dhimashada madaxdii gobolka shil diyaarad

Shil hawada World ka dhacaan meelaha ugu lama filaan ah, sababo kala duwan, iyo dadka ka mid ah xaaladda kala duwan iyaga oo lagu dilay bulshada.

Madaxda dalalka oo dhan, sida caadiga ah, waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida a dayuuradood dhaqdhaqaaqa ay sabab u tahay waqtiga. Waxay isticmaalaan ugu casri ah oo u muuqday in lagu kalsoonaan karo in amniga maxkamada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qalab lama filaan ah failure ama kaliya factor aadanaha mararka waxay keeni karaan shil diyaaradeed ah. Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah shil dunida, kaas oo ka tirsan gobolka ugu horeysay lagu dilay:

• In 2010 - Leh Kachinsky (Madaxweynaha Poland) naagtiisa, iyadoo tiro badan . Ragga Military ka Command Sare ee Poland iyo tirooyin kale oo siyaasadeed ayaa ku dhintay shil ee Tu-154 dhow Smolensk.

• In 2004 - Boris Trajkovski (madaxweynaha reer Makedoniya) ayaa ku dhintay shil ka dhacay Bosnia.

• In 2001 - Madaxda ciidamada Sudan ayaa lagu dilay koonfurta ee dalka.

• In 1988 - dilay Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, kuwaas oo ahaa madaxweynaha Pakistan. Dhibaatada ka dhacay magaalada Lahore, Pakistan (sida macquulka ah iyada oo sababtu tahay weerar argagixiso).

• In 1986 - Samora Machel (Madaxweynaha Mozambique) ayaa ku dhintay shil diyaaradeed oo ka dhacay South Africa ah.

• In 1981 - dhintay Jaime Roldos Aguilera, waa kan Madaxweynaha Ecuador. Shil Diyaaradeed ka dhacay buuraha reer Ecuador Uayrapunga.

• In 1969 - Rene Barentos Ortuño (Madaxweynaha Bolivia) ku dhintay Arce (Bolivia).

• In 1966 - Abdul Salam Arif (Madaxweynaha Ciraaq) oo ku yaalla koonfurta ee Ciraaq.

• In 1961 - dilay Dag Hammarskjöld (Xoghayaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay) ee Northern Rhodesia (maanta Zambia).

• In 1957 - Ramon Magsaysay (Madaxweynaha Filibiin) waxaa lagu dilay degmada Balamban iyada oo sababtu tahay musiibo ku xigta (Filibiin).

magacyada xataa kuwa badan oo si fiican u yaqaan buuxsameen kartaa tirada dhimashada ka mid ah madaxda labada dal waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar. ka mid ah shilka dahsoon diyaarad dunida, inta badan kuwa sababaha weli ma cadda. Waxaa ka mid ah oo ku burburtay, kaas oo ka dhacay Panama. In 1981 Omar Torrijos - General, madaxa Panama, duruufo dahsoon dhintay.

xogta tirokoobka on diyaaradaha Ruush

ururada khabiir awood keenay Statistics bidbidayaan Saiarrada diyaaradaha badan Ruush sameeyey rating ammaanka iyo diyaaradaha ee hadda jira.

Recently, ku dhowaad dhammaan shirkadaha diyaaradaha Ruush marka wax iibsigu Hunguriyeeyn Darteed shisheeye (hore u isticmaalay) diyaaradda, halkii ay ku Ruush cusub. Oo sidii aad u ogaato, maamulka keeno mishiino casri ah qalabaysan korantada, waa mid aad u kala duwan oo ka soo control diyaaradaha qoyska. Iyadoo la raacayo, waxaa la sii kordhaya iyo halista uu mar kale, si fudud "factor aadanaha".

Sayidka, on account of shirkadda "Russia" 184 nolosha aadanaha, Airlines "Vladivostok Avia" - 145, shirkadda "KrasAir" - 29, iyo account of "Tyumen Airlines" - 5. Waxaa aad ugu faraxsan yahay joogitaanka diyaaradaha kuwaasoo ka shaqeynayey on maanta aan dhibanayaasha :. "Transero", "diyaaradaha Ural" iyo "diyaaradaha Domodedovo"

safay xogta tirokoobka qiimeeyo

Shaxda waxa ay muujineysaa kaalinta ay diyaaradaha halis.

Laga soo bilaabo macluumaad lagu soo bandhigay waxaa ku xusan in lagu soo gabagabeeyey karaa in Boeing 777 ayaa hadda waa nooca ugu badan lagu kalsoonaan karo oo diyaaradaha.

Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee shilalka hawada

Sannad kasta a-xun madow liiska naxdinta lahaa shilalka hawada adduunka, aamusa. Marar badan, sababaha musiibooyin kuwaas oo ku sii cadda ilaa iyo dhamaadka. dunida aad u soo noqnoqda oo aan la saadaalin karin ee shilka. Baaritaanka mararka qaar u imanayaa inuu istaagay. Xitaa sanduuqyada madow sixir inta badan aan awoodin in ay caddayn sababta shilalka qaar ka mid ah oo ka dhacay hawada.

Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee shilalka dayuuradaha casriga ah, dhibaatooyin farsamo (failure goobaha farsamada, dhibaatooyin yar yar), ay khaladaad ilaaliyaal gaadiidka hawada, duuliyayaasha iyo shaqaalaha kale (factor aadanaha), argagixisada caalamiga ah, talaabo military, shilalka lagu dhinto aan macquul ahayn (qalad daafaca military, onkodka, hillaaca, xitaa isku dhaceen p shimbiraha iyo m..).

Sababta ugu weyn ee shilalka ka dhacay waa qalad ugu nasiib aadanaha. In dhaqanka adduunka oo dhan, xisaabiyenimo ku dhowaad 70% of shil diyaaradeed ka.

Oo weliba, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in shilka diyaaradeed laga cabsado oo mar kasta oo keenaya cadaanyo daran aad ee bulshada caalamka, duulista waa mid ka mid ah ugu kalsoonaan karo oo ammaan ah ka dhamaan noocyada baabuurta hadda jira.