The shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny (kooban)

All-Ruush Empress Elizaveta Petrovna - gabadhii Petra Velikogo iyo Empress Catherine I. Waxa uu kor u carshiga ee 1741 iyo boqor ahaa labaatan sannadood. In siyaasadda gudaha iyo dibadda ah Elizabeth waxaan hogaansamey mabaadi'da boqortooyadii aabbihiis.

Siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda oo ka mid ah ka horreeyay ee Elizabeth

dhimashada Peter Ka dib weyn , siyaasadda Ruush shisheeye ayaa Bakhayl la dhacdo. Ku-simaha taliyayaashii liidata hayo dabcan uu hawlo siyaasadeed. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Catherine aan, xaaskiisa of Peter, ayaa soo maratay xumaatay xiriirka ka dhexeeya Russia iyo Britain iyo France, sababtoo ah kala duwan ee meel on Slesvig ah.

Sidoo kale inta lagu jiro xilliga this way qabsadeen burbur meel quruumaha European laba xeryaha. Empire Ruush waxay ahayd qayb ka mid ah Midowga Vienna, Austria wada jir ah ula, Prussia iyo Spain.

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Peter II ma aha gaar ahaan dan ah oo ku saabsan siyaasadda dibadda ee Qaranimo dhallinyarada ahaa xiiso ugaarsiga iyo madadaalada.

Siyaasadda dibadda lagu jiro Anne Ioannovne noqday more macno leh. heshiisyada tartan ayaa lasoo gabagabeeyay iyadoo Faaris, si loo hagaajiyo xiriirka la Sweden. In 1735 Russia baxeen inay la diriraan Turkey, iyo ku guuleystay, by qabha laftiisa in Moldova iyo ka tago ka danbeeya Azov.

Under Regency ee siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda Anna Leopoldovna waa wax cajiib ah ku dhacay. In 1741, ka dib inqilaabkii bilaabay labaatan sano ah oo boqornimadii of Elizabeth.

Siyaasiyiinta hoos Elizabeth

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Empress Elizabeth (1741-1761), wuxuu u doortay Chancellor (Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda) Tiri Bestuzhev-Rumin. Alexei Petrovich qabtay this post lix iyo toban sannadood.

Laakiin Bestuzhev-Ryumin qarashgareyn karaan sano kuwaas oo xaalado aad u kala duwan. Tan iyo markii uu ahaa associate ah Biron, iyo, sidaas awgeed, Anny Ioannovny, ka dib markii goysiga ah oo carshiga reer binu Elizabeth dhacday dulli iyo la xidhay. Nasiib wanaag kalsooni ah Empress ahaa saaxiibkiis Iogann Lestok, kan ka shafeeci on qaddar ee A. P. Bestuzheva.

Sida laga soo xigtay-qorka ee saffarro, ku-xigeenka Chancellor, wuxuu ahaa diblomaasi u yiqiin oo ka qayb-galay oo dhan arrimaha dibadda ee Russia ilaa 1757. Siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Elizabeth markii Bestuzhev-Ryumin khilaafeen nabdoonaanta. In 1758, Alexei Petrovich laga xayuubiyey saf ah iyo koobab oo dhan iyo diray maxaabiis ahaan loogu talagalay isla dhexmarayo oo xan faafin xanuun of Empress ah.

Waxa uu bedelay Mikhail Vorontsov. Waxa uu taageeray jihada siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Elizabeth ah, inkasta oo uu naftiisa qabtay oo dhan views pro-Faransiis. Waxaa ka mid ah awoodaha European lahaa sumcad nabad-lover, sababtoo ah ma doonayaan in ay jiidi Russia galay colaadaha military.

The shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny kooban lagu gartaa sida zapadnovektornaya, si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyo ballaarinta bari dhacay si degdeg ah.

dagaal Ruush-Swedish

inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Elizabeth ahaa muddo ah halganka ka dhanka ah Faransiis iyo Austrians ah. dhinac walba uu doonayay in uu soo jiito Empress ee ay isbahaysiga. Laakiin tan iyo Russia hogaansamey views pro-Austria, sida ay dardaarmeen in Peter koowaad, France ayaa go'aansaday inuu ka shuqlinin Empire Ruush ah by dagaalka ee waqooyiga, si ay u ma hortago iyada sheegashada in Succession Austria.

Sidaas darteed, ururka ka dhexeeya France iyo Sweden. Last aan la qorsheeyay si ay ugu aargudaan ee guuldarada in dagaalkii Waqooyi iyo kabsado dhulka lumay.

Sidoo kale 1739, Sweden ayaa qalinka ku duugay heshiis isbahaysi la Turkey ka dhanka Russia. Oo dagaal July 28 ayaa lagu dhawaaqay in 1741. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, dagaal toos ah ka qarxay kaliya dhamaadka August.

Bishii November, waxaa jiray kacaanka ah ee Russia, iyo shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny bilaabay heshiis xabbad joojin ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in March 1742, colaadaha dib u bilaabay. Dalka Iswiidan muuqata sags difaaca iyo, ugu dambeyntii, ee August, oo waxay hareereeyeen by badda iyo dhulka.

On 24 August, raafadiyay la saxeexay, iyo kuwa iswiidhishka ah guriga ku soo laabtay, ka tago oo dhan alaabtii dhulka ku. Farsamo ahaan, dagaalka sii waday ilaa 1743, laakiin hawlgallada mileteri ee ay la yeesheen badda iyo ku dhowaad oo aan isticmaalka hubka. Maraakiibta labada dal si fudud ilaalinta dhulkooda.

Treaty of ABO

SHIRKA NABADDA u dhexeeya Russia iyo Sweden bilaabay bishii January ee 1743 iyo ku dhawaad ilaa dhexe ee xagaaga. waxaa fal gaar ah, taas oo ka kooban qodobada ugu muhiimsan ee heshiiska kor loogu bixiyey.

• Sweden ayaa ku dadaaleen inay doortaan carshiga Adolfa Fridriha, Ninkaas of Holsten.
• Russia u baxay inuu qalcadda Nyslott, linen Kyumenigordsky, iyo oo dhan afka webiga Kiumeni.
• Halkii Russia ayaa ku soo laabtay Sweden oo dhan territory qabtay 1741.
• Sweden mar kale cadeyneysaa xukunka Empire Ruush ee gobolka bari, ka guulaystay inta lagu guda jiro Northern War Weyn.

August 19 Empress Elizaveta Petrovna saxiixay heshiis nabadeed Abosky.

dagaalka Todoba Sano '

War toddoba sannadood ', ama sida waxa loo yaqaan, gumeystayaasha, wuxuu bilaabay inuu iska horimaad la laba ka mid ah deegaanada American dhexeeya - Faransiis iyo Ingiriisi. Ka dib markii isku dhac caadiga shakhiyeed uu iska hor imaad hubaysan, Britain dagaal France horeba waa on territory Yurub.

Yimid carshiga reer binu Prussia Frederick II go'aansaday in ay xoojiso booska Yurub, oo aan dhawaaqista xaalad dagaal weeraray Saxony. Ayuu hadalkiisa ku koobay axdi la England, ma aha gaar ahaan wanaagsan in ay, laakiin siinaysaa rajo in Russia maqnaan doono dagaalka. Frederick helay isaga qudhiisa arag gaaban yahay, taas oo uu ka dib ka bixisay. Inta u dhaxaysa France, Austria iyo Russia ayaa soo gabagabeeyay isbahaysiga daafaca ka dhanka ah Prussia. ciidanka huwanta oo laba jeer size ee ciidamada Prussian.

shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny ka dhanka ah Prussia waxaa loogu talagalay daciifaan iyo dheehan waano. Bishii September 1756, Russia dagaal Prussia, laakiin tallaabo mileteri ah ayaa yimid oo kaliya ee 1757.

ciidanka Ruush amray by Field Marshal Apraksin, kuwaas oo isla markiiba laga saaray inuu post oo xiray bixitaankii ciidamada ka East Prussia.

Battle of Gross-Egersdorf

The ugu horeysay ee waaweyn ee dagaalka ee toddobadii sannadood ay dagaalkii Ruushka ee ka qayb dhacay August 19, 1757 meel u dhow tuulada of Gross-Egersdorf.

Bilow weerar Prussian ahaa lama filaan ah, sidaas oo kale ayaa daqiiqo yar ee dagaalka ugu horeeyay ee iyagii kaga tegey. askari oo Ruush ah ayaa lagu qasbay in ay gurto hoos ilaalinta qoryahoodii. The qorshaha of Prussia waxaa jebiyey daafaca dhexe kooxda Ruushka ee, halkaas oo in dhamaadka dagaalka ugu kulul dhacay.

Dagaalka tallaabay dooxada ku taal kaynta, halkaas oo xitaa dagaal dhow lagu arkay yaabaa. Natiijada dagaalkan ku go'aansaday by Major General Rumyantsev, kaasoo sameeyey weerar lama filaan ah garabka bidix ee Prussians ah. Dadka ka soo horjeeda galay isriixidda noqotay.

khasaaraha Ruush ee dagaalka shan saac ka bixiyay lacag ku dhow 6000 oo qof, oo ay ku jiraan 1487 dhintay. Prussians ayaa laga badiyay ka badan 4 kun oo askari.

Nasiib darro, guusha cajiib ah Gross-Egersdorf ma Apraksin loo adeegsaday dhaqanka dheeraad ah ee dagaalka. Wiig ka dib markii la dhigto, isaga iyo ciidankiisii waxay bilaabeen inay ka baxaan dhulka Prussia in Courland (taariikhyahanadu u muuqdaan in ay u maleynayaa in dib u gurasho ka waxaa sabab u ah siin a warqado Apraksin ka Bestuzhev-Rumin, kaas oo lagu sheegay meel u dhow-dhimasho ah Empress iyo dabbaaldegaan dhaw carshiga reer binu Peter Fedorovich, Wadaajinaysaan Prussia).

dagaal Sii

In 1758, Taliyaha cusub ee ciidamada Ruush Willem Fermor uu March bilaabeen inay East Prussia oo degan ay caasimada dhib la'aan - Konigsberg. ciidanka Ruush ahaa soo socdo si Berlin. Tuulada Zorndorf waxaa la kulmay Frederick II. dagaal lagu hoobtay. Labada dhinac ayaa khasaare weyn oo, daallan, ku qaatay xaq habeenkii goobta dagaalka, oo subaxdiina waxaa Friedrich dib wuxuu watay dadkiisii, ka cabsada Adkeeyo ka Rumyantsev.

In May 1759 waxaa loo magacaabay taliyaha cusub ee ciidanka - PS Saltykov. Waxa uu ku guuleystay ee Battle of Kay, iyo ilaa lala ciidanka Austria huwanta ah oo ku saabsan habka ay u Berlin.

August 12, 1759 lagu qabtay dagaal ka mid ah kunersdorf taas oo Frederick ahayd la jebiyey, iyo wadada caasimadda ah ee Prussia - furan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kala duwan ee xerada Allied hor istaagtey si ay u keenaan guusha kama dambaysta ah.

Bishii Oktoobar 1760, Berlin ayaa lagu qabtay by Xulafada. Friedrich la haraadiga ciidankiisii ayaa u cararay Saxony, halkaas oo uu ku haminayay in uu xoojiyo oo uu ku biiro madaxda sare ee askartii.

Dhameystirka dagaalka ee Russia

War for Russia si lama filaan ah ku dhamaaday, iyo ma, sida badan fikirka. guuldaradii Friedrich hore u ahaa xaqiiqada cad, iyo shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny isaga ka gees ahaa cad. Dagaalka ayaa la dagaalantay si ay aakhirkeedu wuxuu u qadhaadh.

Laakiin bishii December 1761 Empress dhinto. Si carshiga iyada adeer u Peter, kuwaas oo nabad buu ka dhigaa wax Dulleeya la Frederick II qaadataa, ayuu u soo noqday oo dhan dhulka guulaystay, oo waxay isagii u soo diro si ay uga caawiyaan dagaalka ay la Austria Division. Sidaas horjeeda dhawaan u noqday oo shurako ah, oo wuxuu siiyey King of Prussia fursad ay shaqo ku dhameystaan.

Natiijada siyaasadda dibadda ee Elizabeth

Waayo, meesha uu Empress ku dhibtooday statesman kale oo kasta, iyo mid kasta oo lahaa goolkii shakhsi gaar ah. The shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny kooban lagu gartaa sida xanuunsan-uuraysatay. State koorsada saxda ah sida hoos Peter Great ee xaqiiqda aan la soo xulay. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, wakhtiga intiisa badan oo boqornimadii Elizabeth ee, Russia ahaa ee gobolka ka mid ah nabadda. Xiriirka la West iyo East ah ayaa si tartiib ah u qoondeeyey. Ka fikir natiijooyinka Empress ee foomka of miisaska.

Western shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny. Shaxda №1

East shisheeye Politika Elizavety Petrovny. Shaxda №2

Kuwani waa natiijada hawl of Empress ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in iyadu waxay degganayd dheer, map siyaasadeed ee Europe waqti oo soo eegay lahaa aad u kala duwan. Laakiin taariikhda qariibka fal.