Podkopaev, MI Ururka systemic Features Voice

MI Podkopaev

Voronezh State Academy of Arts

Ururka System Features Voice

(Urur Podkopaev, System MI of Su'aalaha shaqada vocal // Waxbarashada vocal: Tilmaamaha macalimiinta of hay'adaha waxbarashada sare iyo dugsiga sare ee gaarka ah Moscow - St. Petersburg, 2003 - S. 80 - 88).

Mid ka mid ah hawlaha ugu muhiimsan oo la yaab leh in dabeecadda ka fadilnaa nin waa hadal la maqli karo, gaar ahaan, qaabka gaar ah - hees ama hadal vocal (eray laga isticmaali jiray marka ifafaale gabyaya waxaa loo arkaa eegaysana ee jirka ama codka).

Waxaa la og yahay in shaqo codka, la xirrira qayb dhawaaqa of hadalka vocal, ma laha jidh gaar ah qaababka xubnaha, taas oo dareen adag oo lagu magacaabi karaa xubnaha phonation. Waayo, shaqo this qof isticmaalaa neef-mareenka ah, liqidda, ie, maamulka markii hore loogu tala galay mudnaanta iyo aad u muhiim ah in qiimaha runta ah ee shaqada; phonation iyagu u adeegaan sida haddii by shil. Isku darka of meydadka, kuwaas oo muddo dheer lagu magacaabo qalab ka vocal. Last for gabayaa ahaa ma aha oo kaliya qalab ka mid ah hawlaha xirfadeed, laakiin sidoo kale wax ka mid ah raad ku waxbarashada tooska ah ee geedi socodka of tababar vocal. Maanta dhowr murmi sha in aqoonta mabaadi'da asaasiga ee ka danbeeya howlaha hay'adaha vocal, waa mid ka mid ah shuruudaha lagama maarmaanka u ah shaqo guul ay Abuuridda. A.Varlamov weli in ay "School of sumcad" (1840) ku qoray: "Si aad u timaadid gabay tababarka ma isag, waa in aad ku saleeyaan aqoon sax ah oo ka mid ah neefsashada iyo hab codka iyo sawiri xeerarka aasaasiga ah ee jirka ayaa weli meydadka."

Sida caadiga ah, fikradaha jidh iyo nafeedba u ah qalab vocal, kuwii gabayaaga ahaa, ardayda helaan qayb ka ah wareegga waxbarashada ee nidaamo aasaasiga ah - dabcan ka mid ah farsamada codka. In barnaamijka waqtiga gaaban qaybiyey, waa in ardaydu helaan lana qabsan badan oo caddaynta anatomy, jirka, codka iyo aad u hesho fikrad ah qaabka iyo hababka waxqabad ee hay'adaha vocal. Isla mar ahaantaana, tayada aqoonta, waa inay noqoto ma waafaqsan yahay ujeedooyinka of formation of xirfad aqoon iyo aqoon, gaar ahaan haddii gabayaa ahaa isku xira mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed la barbaarinta. Sida laga soo xigtay dhaqan, waxbarasho ee qaybtan ka mid ah manhajka lagu dhisay marka laga eego ah (xubin) classical jirka, ku tiirsan hab dhismaha iyo gorfaynta. Iyada oo ay booska jidhka bini'aadamka ayaa dhaqan ahaan loo arko ururinta ah guddiyo kala duwan, neural isku daro iyo humoral (hormoon) qaanuunka. buugaagta kasta on anatomy, jirka, iwm dhisay on mabda'a ah xubin ka, oo ka mid ah qaybaha on nidaamka jidh shakhsi - kuwaas oo, wadnaha, neefsashada, muruqa, hormoonada jidhka, iwm Ka dib markii la mid ah, tan iyo markii M.Garsia hay'adaha vocal waxaa loo arkaa in ay ka kooban oo ka mid ah qaybaha soo socda: "matoor" codka - warega-dib doobta (resonator) oo ka mid ah - ee dalqada ka, dalool sanka u JQSHM paranasal, "ayuu tamarta" qalab ah - dhuunta, hawomareenno, sambabada , murqaha neefsashada, xubnaha dhigoodu - afka. Carrabka, ilkaha, bushimihiisa, adag oo dhanxanegga jilicsan. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxa uu sheegayaa in "dhammaan qaybaha iyo hawlaha urur yihiin kuwo isku xiran oo nidaaminaya by nidaamka dhexe ee neerfaha" (laga soo xigtay in. Dmitriev LB, Telelyaeva su'aaalo, SL, iwm Taptapova phoniatrics iyo fonopediya .. - M., 1990 P.20) .. Laakiin waxa mideeya jidhkooda, kuwaas oo aan haysan cayimayo phonational oo ka tirsan nidaamka jidh kala duwan, isku dhafan ee ururka, maxay yihiin hababka ka ah ururka sida iyo si loo hubiyo in daacadnimada hawlaha hay'adaha u vocal? jawaabo hab Organic iyo dhismaha su'aalahan ma. Macnaha halkan, codsiga oo ah habkan baadhitaanka codka (vocal) function waa xaddidan iyo xoogaa khilaafsan sabab la xidhiidha kiiskan ku koobnayn formation of ardayda soo bandhiga urur ishaysata ee hay'adaha vocal.

hab A aasaas cusub waxgarashada oo ka mid ah hawlaha nafsaaniga ah ee hab systemic WardheerNews.com,, sida sannadihii la soo dhaafay, baahsan oo loo isticmaalo habka sayniska. jirka ee hab nidaamsan oo ku saleysan aragtida nidaamyada functional (on TPS) horumariyo arday IP Pavlova - Academician PK Anokhin oo helay horumarka casriga ah ee shuqullada horeba uu ardaygu - Academician KV Sudakova.

Sida tijaabo tarbiyadeed ee waaxda vocal of Voronezh State Academy of Arts by qoraaga shaqada oo intaasu waxay ahayd isku day ah inay soo bandhigto xubno ka TPS ay sal u nidaamsan ee barayay farsamo vocal leh hab nidaamka. Ujeeddada ugu weyn waxay ku hawshan waxay ahayd si loo baro fikirka ardayga hal abuur leh, mid ka mid ah qaababka ugu muhiimsan waxay yihiin systemic.

In warqad this, inaannu koobayaan muujinaya marka la eego guud ahaan waayo-aragnimo ah ee codsanaya qodobada aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka TPS in ay daraasadda ka mid ah mabaadi'da ururka codka (vocal) nin shaqo.

Halkii jirka classical xubnaha, ka dib markii mabaadi'da anatomy), TPS dhawaaqay hawlaha ururka systemic. PKAnohin ugu horeysay soo dhowaadeen inay xaqiiqda ah in nidaamka of noolaha, ma ahan oo keliya kuu diyaarin waxyaalaha shaqsi ku jira iyaga oo ku, iyo iyaga geeyo si ay u helaan qaar ka mid ah natiijooyinka la taaban karo ee hawlaha, kuwaas oo si ay u fuliyaan hawlaha muhiimka ah qaarkood dareenka. Sidaa darteed, nidaam noocan ah waxaa loo yaqaan functional. Sida laga soo xigtay Anokhin, nidaamka in jirka ee set oo ah maydadka la xidhiidha shaqo gaar ah. Sidaa awgeed, natiijada hawlaha nidaamka abaabulka isku daraa qaybo ka mid shakhsi ah oo dhan ah, oo waxaa sidaas keentay factor laf. Waa in la gaaro natiijo ah oo ku daray nidaamka functional (FS).

function Voice, sida dhammaan hawlaha kale ee aadanaha, ku salaysan yahay urur systemic. booska hore ee fasiraadda ururka systemic hawlaha cod aan isticmaalo caqiidada aasaasiga ah ee TPS ah. In caadi ah in nidaamka oo dhan file ee jirka, iyagu waa caadiga ah ee phonation FS iyo hadalka vocal. Guud ahaan, ka kooban oo ka mid ah caqiidada aasaasiga ah ee TPS yaraynaysaa in ay soo socda. Ururka oo dhan u shaqeeyo FS nooc ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka, taas oo ah caadiga ah ee phonation FS. qaab-dhismeedka waxaa ka mid ah Guntin dhexe iyo qaybaha durugsan iyo qabanqaabada:

Natiijada y hawsha sida link a keentay FS (ay "card") - wax taas oo abuuray FS ah,

Y guryaha unit-qaata (xuduudaheedu) oo ka mid ah natiijooyinka gaari dhaqdhaqaaqa - natiijooyinka receptors;

Y channels warcelin in gudbiyaan macluumaadka nidaamka dhexe ee dareemayaasha ku saabsan natiijada falka iyo xuduudaha ka natiijadan, kaas oo jidhka oo awood oo dhan si ay u qiimeeyaan heerka uu guul iyo tayada ficilladooda,

Y link FS dhexe, jidaynayey ay hawlgal isku dubaridan oo ka dhigan ururka ee xubno ka mid ah heerarka kala duwan ee habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha,

Y FS hababka fulinta.

Natiijadan ayaa waxa ay hore hawsha sida qodob oo FS phonation iyo hadalka vocal waa formation of Jidka codka signalka loomana baahno, taas oo u adeegta saldhig hore u qabadka dhamaadka - shaqsi hodonimada midab gabay erayga sung, weedha. Sida prefinite, iyo hawlaha natiijada dhamaadka FS leeyihiin tiro ka mid ah doorsoomayaasha madax banaan, ie, mnogoparametrichnymi yihiin. Qaar ka mid ah qaado macluumaad ku saabsan qaabka codka loomana baahno (xuduudaheedu loomana baahno) - height, awood Halabuurka spectral (joogitaanka ama maqnaanshaha of formant gabay sare iyo / ama hooseeyo a, iwm). xuduudaheedu kale waxaa ka mid macluumaad ku saabsan qaab dhismeedka dhawaaqa yahay labban lagana - artikulyayurnye (ama kinesthetic) koobin. La xidhiidh dhow la soo koobin loomana baahno, dambaysta ah u ogolaan in la kala saaro oo sharaxaad ka goobta iyo habka waxbarashada dhawaaqa, ie go'aaminta sifooyinka dhawaaq ah ee shaqalada iyo shibbanayaasha.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in natiijada xuduudaheedu ku kala duwan yihiin ma aha oo kaliya inta u dhaxaysa cod cod iyo gabay ah, laakiin sidoo kale gudahood ah noocyo kala duwan oo cod - hees tacliimeed, gabay pop, gabay, dad, iwm All-beegyada waxaa go'aamiya natiijada hawlaha geedi socodka jir iyo biophysical in loo xaqiijiyo in ay guul gaadhka, kuwaas oo ah: 1) phonation, kaas oo bixiya jiilka cod iyo qaab-dhismeedka loomana baahno baahisey, iyo 2) dhigoodu, kaas oo bixiya waxbarashada iyo codadka hadalka ah oo qeexaya qaab-dhismeedka dhawaaqa yahay labban. Iyadoo la raacayo abaabulan iyo laba-hoosaadyo functional - FS phonation FS iyo dhigoodu.

Haddaba waxaa jira abaabul la xushay ka mid ah xubnaha kala duwan iyo unugyada, oo waxaa iska leh nidaamka jidh kala duwan ee FS habboon. Inclusion xubnaha kala duwan, taas oo si wadajir ah waxaa lagu magacaabaa hay'adaha vocal, FS a vocal ku saleysan yahay mabda'a la xushay isku in FS xubnaha kala duwan. natiijooyinka Xaaladdan oo kale, aan isku jidh iska leh waxaa laga yaabaa in ay FS badan, marka lagu daro, noocyo kala duwan oo PS ama PS mid jimaynta (sida in ay dhacdo FS codka) si ay u gaaraan isticmaali kartaa masuuliyiinta kala duwan ama la mid ah. Marka tan la eego, xubin kasta oo ka mid ah hay'adaha ka vocal ku lug leh dad badan oo ka mid ah hawlaha la xiriira phonation, iyo dareenkan waa MFT. Iyada oo ku xidhan jihada taas oo FS ama jimaynta ka mid ah xubin ka mid ah qalab ka vocal, si ay u leeyihiin shuruudo kala duwan, laakiin muhiimadda ay leedahay in la helo oo kaliya guryaha kuwa kaas oo ay u muuqato waa in FS ah.

Laga soo bilaabo tan aragti, mid ka mid ah oo aan isku jidh hadal vocal kala duwan FS keensataa guryaha kala duwan gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan, ka dhuunta oo hawomareenno ku jira FS ee zvukogeneratsii qabtaan hawlo kale, sida la dhuunta isla marka la barbar dhigo oo hawomareenno daro FS Neefta ee phonational. Ama laalaabka vocal show gabi ahaanba ka duwan hantida shaqaynaysa, waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, in nidaamka file of dhigoodu, halkaas oo ay ku muujin fonemoobrazuyuschaya shaqo, ama FS zvukogeneratsii, halkaas oo ay u adeegaan sida il tamar loomana baahno. Sidoo kale, muruqyada neefsashada waa qayb ka mid ah FS oo kala duwan oo la xidhiidha phonation, kuwaas oo, FS neefta phonational ay qabtaan shaqo ah pneumatic iyo habab dhigoodu FS ku lug hyphenation.

FS phonation eegista waxaa ka mid ah neural iyo heerarka xeerka hormoon. Recent sidaas bandhigayaa ah "heshiis" u gaar ah, oo ka kooban eegista thyroid hormoonada jidhka, gonads iyo qanjidhada adrenal. farsamo habdhiska soo bandhigay mid noqoshada xushay xarumaha kala duwan ee dareemayaasha.

element kasta waxaa eegista waxaa ka mid ahaa in phonation FS ah. lalana xiriiro xubno kale oo ka mid ah nidaamka, si firfircoon gacan uga guusha ee natiijada kama dambaysta ah ee ay FS. items FS dhexgalka noocan oo kale ah ee TFS ayaa loo magacaabay vzaimosodeystviya (PKAnohin). qaybaha Vzaimosodeystviya ay bixiso joogitaanka bonds nutrisistemnyh iyo laftiisa qeexayaa vzaimosodeystviya maaraysa nidaamka qaanuunka.

nidaamka file kasta, oo ay ku jiraan nidaamka file codka, waa nidaam is-sharciyeynta ah. Is-sharciyeynta in FS la hubiyaa by unit ku maamula, qiimaynta natiijada kama dambaysta ah. In qalab this yihiin natiijada markii cadaadis ay ku soo koobin ee ku dhammaato dareemayaasha durugsan - receptors, la rijeynaya in hay'adaha vocal, iyo distantly isaga ka. macluumaad Encoded ku saabsan natiijada gaari by receptor dhimaya galo xarumaha dareemayaasha ku haboon (kiliyaha, nidaamka limbic bixinta qayb dareen hadalka iyo gabay, xarumaha of of oblongata medulla). Iyada oo ku saleysan macluumaadka la helay waa eegista in FS hawlgelinta ee nidaamyada codka iyo hadalka vocal ee heerarka kala duwan ee habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha for abaabulka xubnaha fulinta iyo nidaamyada (qalab Reaction). By dabiiciga ah ee macluumaadka ku helay nidaamka dhexe ee neerfaha ah receptors vocal mareenka kala saaro ugu yaraan shan nooc oo dareen, maqalka, vibratory (isagoo, sida V.P.Morozovym, dabeecadda resonant muujiyey), murqaha, pneumatic (cadaadiska hawada ka dhigay waddada resonance ah, iyo shaqada oo ka mid ah murqaha-mareenka), muuqaalka. Isku soo xooriyoo, ay bixiyaan go'an gaarka ah ee dareenka gabay iyo fikradaha ku saabsan Howlaha hoose oo qalab ku vocal, ama sida ay iyagu yidhaahdaan, waxaa la aasaasay in maanka nidaamka codka iyo jirka oo gabayaa ahaa ee - shaqsi nidaamka dareenka gudaha in uu dhacaa marka gabyaya phonation. Iyada oo taageero ka gabayaa ahaa daqiiqad kasta oo ay gacanta ku formation uu dhawaaqa. Sidee dhab ah baan leeyahay R.Yusson. "Nooc kasta oo farsamo vocal abuuraa circuit gaar ah cod-jirka, joogitaanka taas oo iyana degto technology" (3. p. 109).

Sayidka, nidaamka Satlaytaka waa mashiinka codka (waxa loogu yeero "analyzer vocal" Fanaanada) ah u qabto shaqada kormeerka iyo sharciyeed. Xaaladdan oo kale, FS phonation iyo hadalka vocal ayaa hoggaaminaya channel-celin ah, waayo, iyagu waa, sida lagu muujiyay in V.P.Morozova, heeso at technology resonance waa channel a birqaya oo xambaarsan macluumaad lo saabsan waxqabadka oo ka mid ah resonators vocal yihiin ugu yaraan tahay in ay dhibaatadu ka shareeraysaa saamayn saamayn dibadda (xaaladaha waxqabadka loomana baahno, iwm).

bixinta muhiimka ah ee TFS isagoo qiimaha la taaban karo barbaarinta vocal waa su'aasha ku saabsan joogitaanka unit gacanta FS ah. Halkan waxaa muhiim ah in ay soo socda. The phonation FS in ay waaxda dhexe - maskaxda ayaa corticosubcortical adag dhismayaasha dareemayaasha oo wakiil ka mashiin saadaasha ( "Qaabaynta weeraryahanka") iyo qiimaynta natiijada gaaray. Cutubkani ( "aqbalana natiijada garoomada" by Anokhin), "saadaalineysa" sifooyinka final natiijada, go'aamiso Bulshda iyo waxtarka xulashada barnaamijka loogu talagalay si loo gaaro natiijo la joojiyo, oo dajiya dabeecadda qofka iyada oo la barbar dhigo mid joogto ah oo galaya nidaamka dhexe ee neerfaha ee channels macluumaad ku saabsan xuduudaha ka natiijada gaari ah. Waxay abuurtaa nooc ka mid ah "image" ee bartilmaameedka, taas oo gabayaa ahaa ee la xidhiidha hawlaha resonators ugu badnaan iyo channel-celinta, ka tarjumaysa hawlaha this - gariirka (resonator) dareenka (Morozov, 2002, 2008). doorka A aasaasiga ah ee formation of qalab ah ee soo beegtay iyo qiimaynta natiijada kama dambaysta ah ayaa kala duwan oo ka mid ah dhawaaqyada gabay vocalist caadiga ah ee dhexgalka ah vocal-tarbiyadeed oo ka mid ah macalinka iyo ardayga. Sidoo kale muhiimad weyn tahay in la sawiro qalab kobcin si fiican u sameeyay barashada xirfadaha vocal macalinka barashada afka loogu talagalay sameynta farsamo gabay resonant sidoo kale ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen dhiirogelin lagu qeexaayo oo gabayaa ahaa on xad ah waa farsamo gabay resonant ay bixiyaan tahay xaadirka ah hees.

dareenka badan ee waxbarasho ee FS architectonic hadalka vocal waxaa la siiyaa habab fulinta ee codka, oo wakiil ka ah set oo ah ku hadla oo geeddi socodka nafsaaniga ah, loogu talagalay in lagu gaaro natiijada kama dambaysta ah FS iyo hubinta tayada xirfadeed ee looga baahanyahay heeso cod oo u dhiganta ku soo koobin ee caadiga ah vocal tacliimeed. Of muhiimadda weyn daraasadda of actuators waa waxbarashada aasaasiga ah R.Yussona, Fanta, Sundberg. L.B.Dmitrieva. Meel gaarka ah ee arrintan ay sayniska iyo akhriska iyo muhiimadda la taaban karo waa shuqullo fulinayaan saynisyahano qoyska - Professor iyo V.N.Sorokinym V.P.Morozovym kuwaas oo fikrado waxaa soo bixitaankii iyaga oo ku horumariyo aragtiyaha - aragtida hadalka (V.N.Sorokin, 1985) iyo resonant heeso aragtida ah ee farshaxanka (The .P.Morozov, 2002, 2008). Last for waxqabadka codka iyo cod-waxbarashada dhaqanka waa muhim. Aragti resonance ee wada jir ah ula aragtida nidaamyada functional si qoto dheer beddelo fikradaha ku saabsan nooca actuators iyo hawlaha hay'adaha vocal gabyaya.

The actuators ugu weyn ee bixiya hadalka vocal, waa phonation iyo dhigoodu oo waxaa la siiyaa FS kala. Sayidka, nidaamka waxaa ka mid ah in ay ka kooban qaybaha fulinta durugsan isku, laakiin heerarka kala duwan ee xeerka dhexe. salaysan Biophysical oo dhan oo ka mid ah actuators nidaamka waa hab cod-resonance. jawaab Taasi waa biriijka u dhexeeya phonation iyo dhigoodu yahay sal zvukogeneratsii, iyo iyada oo loo marayo isbedel ee hababka qalliinka iyo resonators loomana baahno waa in hab xakameyn habayn iyo qawaaniin niyadda dhuun diiwaanka iyo habab tembroobrazovaniya la xiriira. Tan waxaa loo hubiyaa by joogitaanka waddada resonance phonation FS foomka gaarka ah ee jawaab-celin oo u dhexeeya resonators iyo ilaha vibrations loomana baahno isagoo dabiiciga ah afhayeenka a (resonant).

Tani waxay warcelin loomana baahno kuu ogolaanayaa inaad inuu aabbayaasha habab ilaaliya of dhuun ah (function ay ku nabadgeli karaan resonators ku Morozov), iyo sidoo kale loo fududeeyo oo ay shaqo, yaraynaysaa xiisad-dhaafka ah ee muruqyada doobta ka (resonators function waxaa lagu qeexi karaa sida function gargaare of English caawimada -. Caawi, caawimo).

feature A ee kala duwan ee hay'adaha vocal sida nidaamka ah urur ay joogaan ee weerarka oo dib isku xirka ka dhexeeya qaybaha fulinta nidaamka (dhuun, godadka, neefta) nooca Multimodal (loomana baahno, pneumatic, neuro-reflex) (2002 Morozov., 2008) ka. Joogitaanka Weeraryahanka oo dib isku xirka vertical labadaba (inta u dhaxaysa maamulka dhexe iyo qaybaha gacanta iyo fulinta) iyo horizontal (u dhexeeya xubno ka mid ah nidaamka ku salaysan waxyaalaha vzaimosodeystviya mabda'a of xafiiska fulinta - dhuun ee, resonator neefsashada) go'aamiso waxqabad oo ka mid ah FS ee codka iyo hadalka vocal sida nidaamka dhamaystiran adag. Kasta, oo ay ku jiraan saamaynta waxbarashada u sameynayso oo dhan iyo saamaynta on mid ka mid ah qaybaha ay isla markiiba ka muuqataa in kale ah. (Morozov, 2002, 2008)

gunaanad

1. function Voice iyo hadalka la xiriira si dhow ula vocal (gabay), iyo sidoo kale dhammaan hawlaha kale ee qofka, waxa uu leeyahay urur nidaam waa natiijada ugu dambeysa ee hawsha nidaamka phonation functional gaar ah, taas oo ah tiro xilliile ah, urur iskaa-u-sharciyeynta ah, eegista isku xubnaha kala duwan iyo heerka of regulation neerfayaasha iyo humoral ah si ay u gaaraan in ay natiijo final - formation of qayb codka hadalka vocal - cod, hadalka vocal sida noocyada unugyada guun ah Dhaqso waxqabadka isitcmaalo phonation gabay, xuduudaha la xidhiidha vocal caadiga tacliinta (ama noocyo kale cod) iyo siinta codka xirfadeed gabay oo tayo leh.

-hoosaadyo 2. FS vocal la cayimi karo xad madax-bannaan laakiin wada xiriira, kuwaas oo ka kooban muhiimka ah ee hababka effector fulinta ee hadalka cod - bixinta ee "walax" ee codka - ilo hawada ee vibrations loomana baahno, zvukogeneratsii, dhigoodu. Iyada oo hab nidaamka, nuurka refracted in aragtida ah hees resonant noqdo soocidda khaldan ee dhuun u nidaamka "matoor" (waaxda) ee hay'adaha vocal. Arintaan waa run gaar ahaan mareenka resonator mareenka oo dhan codka iyo dhuun waa mida keliya ee tamarta loomana baahno sabab u isbedbeddelka socodka hawada birqaya laalaabka vocal.

3. qalab Voice - waxa kaliya item FS in adeegtaa sida unit ee habka fulinta (effector).

4. Mabda'a caalamiga ah ee FS oo jidhka ah, iyo sidoo kale ay aqoonta qaab-dhismeedka guud iyo guryaha waa nooc ka mid ah "muhiimka ah" dhismaha oo ka mid ah FS ee codka iyo hadalka vocal, dheregtaan architectonic this FS iyo hoosaadyo ay ka kooban tahay la xiriira.

5. Codsiga of mabaadi'da aragtida nidaamyada functional daraasadda of patterns of function vocal in habka koorsada, sida waayo-aragnimo ayaa muujisay, waxay kor u horumarinta nidaamka fikirka ardayda iyo algorithms gaarka ah ee dhismaha hawlaha maskaxda, iyo sidoo kale nooca aasaasiga ah ee formation of fikrado casri ah oo ku saabsan hawlaha nidaamka codka iyo hadalka vocal oo dhan qoral iyo dhafan.

suugaanta

1. Phoniatrics iyo fonopediya / Dmitriev LB, su'aaalo Telelyaeva, Taptapova SL, Ermakova II - M., Medicine, 1990.
2. Morozov xigeenka Tahay hees resonant. Fundamentals of aragti resonance iyo farsamo. - Moscow, 2002 (ed 2aad - M., 2008.).
3. VN Sorokin Fikradda ah wax soo saarka hadalka. - Moscow, 1985.
4. Yusson R. gabyaya codka. - Moscow, 1974.