Noocyada iyo mijana in versification

Si aad u kala fikradaha ah iyo mijana iyo mijana. Haddii hore waa huraanka labada dhammaato erayada, labaad waa amarka isugu xidhanyihiin of ereyo aayadda. Iyadoo la raacayo, ereyo waa ka sii ballaadhan tahay mijana.

noocyada heesaha

Hababka ereyo in versification ku salaysan dhawr nooc oo ah heesaha. Sidaas darteed, tayada iyo tirada kulan jiib dhawaaqyo kala qaybsan yihiin mid sax ah oo aan sax ahayn. On gaarka ah ee lahjadda ah - on lab ah (lahjadda on ugu dambeeya shaqal), dumar (lahjadda on shaqal ee ceshadka), iyo giperdaktilicheskie dactylic (lahjadda on 3aad iyo 4aad cod shaqan ka dhamaadka). Haddii khadadka ka sokow shaqal beeganto pretonic (tixraac) shibanne, ka dibna mijana sida lagu qeexay hodan. Haddii aadan samayn - yeedhay mijana saboolka ah.

noocyada laxanka

Waxaa jira saddex nooc oo waaweyn oo mijana in versification:

• xiga (aadeen)
• cross (talantaalli)
• giraanta (dhex-xidh, ohvatnaya).

Sidoo kale, noocyada gooni ah waa mijana free.

Xiga (aadeen) qaadayaa in sidoo kale u sameeyaan khadadka xiga huraanka - mijana the line ugu horeysay labaad, saddexaad, siday u kala horreeyaan, afraad, shanaad iyo lixaad, iwm noocyada All ereyo gabay si sharci darro ah loo qoondeeyey karaa sida wareeg ah ... views Sidaas ku xiga waa in loo gudbiyaa sida "Aabb". tusaale ahaan:

"Just hadda waxaa jira duds lahayn (a) -

Haddii kale fududaysteen (a).

Iyo gabyaa garmonitsa (b)

Maxaa la waayay Lagdamaaga (b). "

(S. A. Esenin).

kiiska A gaar ah waa iskhilaafka iyo mijana xiga nidaamka iyo mijana "ahhh."

Cross (talantaalli) iyo mijana sameeyey by interleaving saf ereyo - mijana saddexaad ugu horeysay, labaad -, kii shanaadna afraad - toddobaad ah, iwm ... noocan ah iyo mijana "Ababii":

"Waxaan xusuustaa xilligan la yaab leh (a):

In i hor aad ahayd (b)

Sida riyada soo Dagdagaysa (a)

quruxda Sida saafi ah (b) "

(A. S. Pushkin).

nooca Ring (shingles, ohvatny) ee nidaamka iyo mijana waxay ku salaysan tahay "Aabbow". Iyadoo la raacayo, khadadka iyo mijana marka hore iyo kan afraad, iyo labaad iyo saddexaad. Tani view of versification waa yar yihiin labada kale oo aan ahayn:

"Waxaan ma sakhraansana, waxaan u muuqdaan in ay digtoonaadaan (a)

Iyo laga yaabee waxaan runtii gabayaaga (b).

Marka rusheeyey sonnets qalaad (b)

Waxaan waqti ka hadlaan "adiga" (a).

(IA Brodsky).

noocyada la heli karo heesaha ka dhacaan kiiska halkaas oo sharciga iskhilaafka heesaha maqan:

"Xayndaabka dusay tuug faras (a)

canab garabka Tan (a),

Boos burush shimbirrood (b)

gacmo gaab dhex hurda cufan (c),

Laakiin rucubood kala dhac ah oo ay ku dhinteen ku (b)

Qaar ka mid ah kor u gaarin oo jirdilay "(c).

(B. L. Pasternak).

Iyadoo la raacayo, ee tusaalahan, noocyada laxanka la isu geeyey: marka hore oo line labaad - foomka ku lifaaqan saddexaad si lixaad - crossover.

Mijana oo dhan Stanza

Aayaddan waxa ay tilmaamaysaa oo dhan joogitaanka ugu yaraan hal Labada ciyaaryahan for mijana kasta. Tani waxay xaqiijineysaa indivisibility jidhka guud ee Stanza - waa in aan la qaybin karaa Stanza oo dhan yar, isagoo gabagabaysay mijana u gaar ah.

Ku xiran tahay tirada rifmovok la xirrira aayadda qaab go'doon monostich, distiha, pentet TERCET Katren iyo t. D. MonoSTU ma noqon karaan aayadda dhan, sida mid ka mid ah line waxa aan ereyo (xitaa marka kooban gudaha ah mijana). Distin ku salaysan yahay a "aa" isagoo, siday u kala horreeyaan, mid ka mid ah ee stanzas Ereyada dhan. Sidoo kale mid ka mid ah uu leeyahay iyo mijana Terzetto - nidaamka ah "aaa". In Terzetto this aan la kala saari karin, tan iyo markii ay horyaalka heerka wax aan helno ugu yaraan hal monostich, taas oo aan aayadda dhan.

Katren ka mid ah noocyada sida iyo mijana sida annular ( "Aabbow") oo iskutallaabta ( "Ababii"). In the case of mijana ku xiga ( " 'Aabb) v u qaybsan yahay laba distiha madax banaan, kuwaasoo mid walba uu noqon doono aayadda dhan. Pentet, markeeda, isku daraa lix Stanza oo dhan rifmovok.

aayadda Free iyo free

Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la kala saaro qaab free of jiib iyo foomka aayadda free, tan iyo markii ay ma aha wax la mid ah. noocyada Available ereyo foomamka gabay sida N.. aayadda free - nooc ka mid ah gabayo la noocyada beddelo of mijana. Khadadka Ie ereyo si ka duwan. aayadda Free (aka cad), mabda ', ha isticmaalin mijana:

"Dhegayso (a)!

Ka dib oo dhan, haddii Xiddigahana waxaa lagu shiday (b) -

markaas waa qof u baahan yahay (in)?

Sidaas qof uu doonayo in ay noqdaan (g)? "

(V. V. Mayakovsky).

Xaaladdan oo kale, aayadda free ma noqon karto tiraab on mabda'a ah in haddii ay jirto iyo mijana ma, waxa ka, tusaale ahaan, xayaysiiska jaraa'idka caadiga ah ka duwan? Mid ka mid ah farqiga u dhexeeya aayadda maran iyo tiraab - u janjeera in ay ku degdein, waxa kala gabayada qoraalka tiraab. Isbeddelkani waxa uu abuuray dareen gaar ah, niyadda gaarka ah ee qoraalka gabay, ma aqbali reading sugeysayna. The kala duwan yihiin labaad ee muhiimka ah waa in ay garaaca aayadda free la aasaasay by tiro ka mid ah qaar ka mid ah dhawaaqyada iyo ek'eysiiyo ee walaaca.