NIS - a ... NIS Wadamada

Waa kuwee dalka iska leh NIS: Canada, Sweden, Thailand ama Kazakhstan? Si aad ka jawaabto su'aashan, waxaad u baahan tahay si ay u fahmaan ku dhegyadii of horumarinta dhaqaale ee kooxdan oo ah dal. Laakiin in this aad iyo caawin article news our.

NIS - waxaa ...

Waa maxay NIS? Iyo sida loo rayi soo gaabiyay this?

NIS - waxa loogu yeero cusub dalalka warshadaha. In asalka ah (English), waxa ay u muuqataa sidii: dhowaan warshadaha dalka, ama loo soo gaabiyo NIC. By habka, marar aad u badan ee dalka Ruushka laga heli karaa qaab hoos u Komishanka.

NIS - Koox ka mid ah wadamada ku jira qaababka kala duwan oo badan ee horumarinta bulshada iyo dhaqaalaha. feature Main iyaga mideeya - waa degdeg ah kobaca dhaqaalaha in uu ka dhacay (ama dhacaya) in wakhti gaaban.

Waayo, NIS ka mid ah dalalka ku yaalaan on qaaradood kala duwan ee Dhulka. Kuwee? Tani waxay si dheeraad ah looga hadli doonaa.

Muuqaaladan ugu weyn ee dalalka NIS

Waxaa ka mid ah qaababka ugu muhiimsan ee kooxaha NIS dalalka lagu kala sooci karaa:

• koboc dhaqaale sare oo deg deg ah;
• isbedel firfircoon ee macroeconomics;
• isbadal leh qaabka dhaqaalaha;
• koritaanka xirfadeed ee shaqada;
• ka qaybqaadashada firfircoon ee ganacsiga caalamiga ah;
• jiidashada balaadhan oo ah caasimada shisheeye iyo maalgashiga;
• miisaanka sare gaar ah oo warshadaha ee GDP (in ka badan 20%).

The cilmi iyo dhaqaaleyahannada ah waxaa ka mid ah Gobolka kooxda NIS dhowr xuduudaheedu aasaasiga ah (indices). Waxay kala yihiin:

• size of GDP (per capita);
• heerarka koritaanka (celcelis);
• share of saarka ee GDP,
• total dhoofinta badeecadaha;
• mugga of maal-gashiga shisheeye ee tooska ah.

dalalka NIS (liiska)

NIS sheegayaa in koox gaar ah ee dalalka soo koraya. Marxaladani waxay bilaabeen agagaarka dhexe ee 1960-kii. Maanta in NIS ka mid ah wadamada Asia, America iyo Africa. Aasaasidda kooxdan oo ah dalalka loo qaybin karaa afar marxaladood (ama hirarka).

, Sidaas daraaddeed dhammaan dalalka NIS (liiska):

• ruxruxo ugu horeysay, waxa loogu yeero "shabeelka Bariga Asian" (Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong iyo South Korea) iyo sidoo kale saddex dal American - Brazil, Argentina iyo Mexico,
• ruxruxo labaad: India, Malaysia, Thailand,
• ruxruxo saddexaad ka mid ah Cyprus, Indonesia, Turkey, iyo Tuniisiya,
• ruxruxo afaraad: Shiinaha iyo Filibiin.

Qeybta hoose ee map soo bandhigayaa meesha uu dalalka caalamka ee.

Sidaas darteed, Kooxda NIS maanta waxaa ka mid ah 16 gobolo kala duwan. Dhammaadkii qarnigii labaatanaad, geographers iyo dhaqaaleyahannada ah si ammaan ah u oran karaa in dhulka uumay, gobollada oo dhan la koboc dhaqaale oo xasilloon oo deg deg ah.

NIS, taariikhda iyo qaabka horumarinta

Sidaas darteed, ay saameyn ku leeyihiin arrimaha qaar ka mid ah dalalka dhaqaale horumaray ee 60 sano ee qarnigii labaatanaad (sida Maraykanka, Japan iyo Germany) wax soo saarka ee badeecooyinka qaarkood joogsadeen in ay faa'iido. Waxaan ka hadleynaa dharka, qalabka korontada iyo alaabta kiimikada. Ugu dambayntii waxay u dhaqaaqay soo saarka dalalka soo koraya, kuwaas oo laga yaabaa "faano" foosha cheap iyo qiimaha dhulka oo hooseeya.

Waqti ka, dad badan oo shirkadaha waaweyn ee caalamiga bilaabay inuu meel goobaha wax soo saarka ay halkan. Iyo kuwa dalalka hore u suurtagashay in ay la abuuro jawi wanaagsan, waayo maalgelinta shisheeye iyo awoodin in ay dhaqaale ahaan ku guuleystaan. Waxa ay ahayd heerka koowaad ee foomka NIEs ee dalka, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, iyo kuwa kale.

Waxaa macquul ah in la dhererka waqtiga, dalalka cusub ee warshadaha qarnigan ugu horeysay bilaabay inuu waayi faa'iidooyinka ay cad dalalka kale horumarinta marka la barbar dhigo. Hadda waxay bilaabeen inay qayb ka mid ah wax soo saarka (gaar ahaan shaqada-intensive) guuraan dalka soo socda. Waxay kala yihiin: Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia. Waxa hore u dhacday in 80s ee. Weli dambe ee geedi socodka ka mid ah ayaa barbaro Filibiin, Vietnam, Sri Lanka iyo kuwa kale.

Sidaas darteed, "ayuu warshadaynta xawaaraha" ayaa lagu arkay taariikhda formation of NIS. Horumarinta technology, mid kasta oo ka mid ah dalalka NIS danbeyn siiyey si ay talaabada ugu hooseysa ee horumarinta jiilka xiga warshadaynta Maraykanka.

NIS: model of horumarinta dhaqaalaha

Waxaa ka mid ah dalalka cusub ee warshadaha waxaa jira dhowr daydo aasaasiga ah ee horumarinta dhaqaalaha. Waxay kala yihiin:

• model Asian,
• model Latin American.

marka hore waxaa lagu gartaa qayb yar oo ka mid lahaanshaha dawladda ee dhaqaalaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saamaynta hay'adaha dawladda ee dhaqaalaha dalalkaas weli waa heer sare ah. In dalalka ka mid ah waaxda Asian NIEs jirto a "nidaam of daacad" in "ay" shirkadaha. The dhaqaalaha qaranka ee dalalka horumariyaan, diiradda ugu horrayn on suuqa dibadda.

Habka labaad, Latin American, waa dabeecadda oo ka mid ah dalalka South American sidoo kale Mexico. Halkan, by la barbardhigo, si cad waxaa caadi u ah horumarinta dhaqaalaha qaranka iyada oo diiradda la on bedelay dejinta.

"East Asia Tigers" - marka hore ka mid ah NIS

Waxaa loo yaqaan duwan: "East Asia Tigers", "dawacooyinka yaryar Asian", "afar shabeelka Asian". All this - magaca rasmiga ah ee kooxda ka mid ah dalalka isku. Waxaan ka hadleynaa South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan iyo Hong Kong. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waxay muujiyeen heerka aad u sarreeya ee horumarinta dhaqaalaha ee saddexaad ee ugu danbeysay ee qarnigii labaatanaad.

In bartamihii 1950-, South Korea ee dhammaan tilmaamayaasha ka mid ah dalalka ugu badan dib ugu dunida ku jira. muddo gaaban 30 sano gudahood waxay awooday in la sameeyo boodboodi weyn ka saboolnimada si heer sare sare. GDP per capita dadweynaha muddadaas kor u kacay 385 jeer! Modern South Korea - waa xarunta ugu muhiimsan ee Dhismaha maraakiibta iyo baabuurta warshadaha ee Asia.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerka ugu sareeya ee koritaanka dhaqaale ee afar dhamaadka qarnigii la soo dhaafay waxaa la kala duwanaayeen Singapore (qiyaastii 14% sanadkiiba). Dalkan yar waa mid ka mid ah xarumaha ee dunida ugu weyn turxaan saliid. Intaa waxaa dheer, si firfircoon uga soo koraya ee Singapore iyo warshadaha aqoon ku salaysan. Ilaa xad ah dalxiisayaasha yar halkan iyo dibadda (in ka badan 8 milyan sannadkii).

dalalka NIS kale - Hong Kong, Taiwan iyo - in shahaado weyn ama ka yar ku xiran tahay dowladda Shiinaha. Muhiim u ah dhaqaalaha labada dal waa dalxiiska. Taiwan - waxay sidoo kale waa xarunta ugu weyn ee technology ugu dambeeyay iyo tamarta nukliyeerka ee Asia. Oo dalka heysta kaalinta koowaad ee adduunka ugu wax soo saarka ee yachts la olloga ah!

Gebogebadii

Ka dib markii reading this article, in aad si sax ah su'aasha uga jawaabo awood u yeelan doonaan: "? Waa kuwee dalka iska leh NIS" In kooxdan ka tirsan hadda waa ugu yaraan 16-goboleedyada, kuwaas oo ku yaala Asia, America iyo Africa.

NIS - Koox ka mid ah dalalka in ay leeyihiin tiro ka mid ah sifooyinka gaarka ah. Tani, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, xawaaraha deg deg ah ee koboc dhaqaale, boqolkiiba sare ee soo saarta ee qaab-dhismeedka GDP ah, firfircoon uga qayb-qaybinta caalamiga ah ee shaqada, iyo sidoo kale soo jiidashada balaadhan oo ah maalgelinta shisheeye galay horumarinta dhaqaalaha.