Nadezhda Durova. Heroes oo ka mid ah War of 1812

Waxay dhacdaa mararka qaarkood in Biography dhabta ah ee dad ka xoogbadan, sheekooyinka ugu qatarsan ee tixaha quudhin. Mararka qaarkood waa ay sabab u tahay khilaafka nolosha aan la saadaalin karin, taas oo uu helo dadka soo horjeeda rabitaankooda, iyo mararka qaarkood waxa uu noqonayaa abuure uu aayaha u gaar ah, ma doonaya in ay u guuraan on mar oo dhan track aasaasay. Waa in ay dadka ka mid ah sarkaalka ugu horeysay ee dumar ah ee ciidamada dalka Ruushka Nadezhda Andreevna Durova.

Childhood hussar mustaqbalka

Wuxuu ku dhashay mustaqbalka "trooper-gabar" September 17, 1783 ee Kiev. Waxaa si deg deg ah u baahan yihiin caddaynta: in uu "Notes" ayay farta ku fiiqay in 1789, laakiin taasi run ma aha. Xaqiiqada ah in intii uu adeeg ee guutada Cossack ka Hope si gaar ah hoos u da'da lix sano, in uu iska noqotay sida wiil yar oo sharxaya la'aanta ah ee timaha wajiga.

Masiirka u lahaa, oo ka maalmood ee ugu horreeya ee uu noloshiisa Nadezhda Durova uu daalin deegaanka military. Aabaheed wuxuu ahaa captain awr Andrew V. hussar, iyo qoyska regimental keentay nolosha wareegaysa. Hooyadeed, Nadezhda, waxay ahayd gabadhii nin oday ah qaniga ah iyo kuwa Poltava, kala duwan camal lala yaabo oo adeeein, wuxuu guursaday soo horjeedo danaha reer waalidka, ama, sida ay u yiri, "afduubka".

In qof door ah oo aad u fool xun ee nolosha gabadhiisa. Riyada Ee dhalashada wiilkiisa, oo hooyadiis u nebcaaday iyada gabar dhashay iyo maalin maalmaha ka mid ah marka in kali ah oo gu jir ah, oo lur iyadoo barooranaysa, ilmaha ka baxay daaqadda tartanka alaabtii ku tuuray. Badbaadiyay Nadia Hussars, kuwaas oo ku jiray safar ay raad iyo wadada loo nadiifiyo ilaa ciidda minddiyo ilmaha.

ardayga dhallinyarada ku heyso inay dagaalyahan

Si looga fogaado ku celis ah dhacdada, aabbihiis ayaa lagu qasbay inuu gabadhiisa u qariib ah oo kor u siin, laakiin Rowan nooc oo qofka u dabacsanaadaan - hussar Astakhov, kuwaas oo Nadia noolaa ilaa da'da shan. Later, ee qorkiisa uu Durov qoray in sanadihii kuwa hussar koore bedelay iyada u ishaartay xaggiisa, iyo alaabta lagu ciyaaro iyo waxey lahaa fardo, qoryaha iyo music ciidamada geesiyaasha. Kuwani aragnimada ilmanimada hore waxay yeelan doonaan kaalin muhim qaabaynta dabeecada gabadha trooper mustaqbalka.

soo laabtay The xayndaabka

In 1789 Andrey casilay iyo meel iibsanayo duqa magaalada Sarapul , gobolka Vyatka. Gabadha soo laabato qoyska ee daryeelka u ahaa hooyadiis, kuwaas oo, isagoo ku hawlanaa iyada barbaarinta ahaa, ayaa isku dayay in aan micne lahayn in ay abuurto in gabadheeda jacayl ah oo daabacnaa iyo qoyska. Nadia uu ahaa gabi ahaanba shisheeye in ku qaaday kuwa sano iyada saffarro oo dhan - naf hussar ku noolaa gabadha yar. Marka gabadhii ku soo koray, aabbahay wuxuu iyadii siiyey faras heer sare ah oo ku saabsan Cherkassy magacaabay Alcides, kuwaas oo ugu danbeyn noqday saaxiib iyo dagaal ka badan hal mar badbaadiyey daqiiqadii adag.

guurka khasabka ah

Isla markiiba korkiisa oo gaarey qaangaarnimada Nadezhda Durova guursaday. Way adag tahay in la yidhaahdo waxa ka hanuunsan by waalidkeed: ". Hussar darafka a" waxay doonayaan waa in ay kuu diyaarin qaddar ee gabadhiisa iyo rabitaanka in si deg deg ah la gacmaha ka iibin Down gamcihiisa, way tagtay iyada oo nin aamusan iyo in yar oo cajiib ah - Vasiliem Stepanovichem Chernovym, oo ahaan jiray garsoore jiifay isla magaalo.

Sannad ka dib, Hope dhashay wiil, laakiin ma dareeno curdan tahay isaga, waayo, ma ay soo martay, waayo, xaalkan in, wuxuuna la joogayaa naagtiisa. dislike ee ilmaha iyadu nafteeda loo aqoonsaday kordhin buuxa u ahaa hooyadiis u gaar ah. Dabcan, guurka la xukumay tan iyo bilowgii, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan rajadii ninkeedii ka tagay, isaga tagay xusuus keliya ee jacaylka ku guuldareystay ina darteed wax yar.

Oo ku dhex jira nolosha faras kala nastay

Durova si kooban u noqday inuu guriga, laakiin waxaa la kulmay kaliya cadhadii hooyadiis, jahwareeriyay iyada fasax iyada iyo ninkeeda. Waxay noqotaa unbearably cabbur in this wadaan deggan gobolka nolosha cawl iyo featureless. Laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan qaddar iyada hadiyad magaca Cossack Captain kuwaad kula Hope had iyo jeer ka baxo guriga Neceb ka dhigaa. Ismidab qariyey sidii nin oo timihii ku jarida, iyadii waa la kaxaystay ay Alcide ka dib markii lover dhallinyarada, iska dadka kale uu batman.

Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu jiro xilliga this, Nadezhda Durova, sida kor ku xusan, si ula kac ah understate da'dooda: Cossacks si qaynuunka waafaqsan ayuu u lahaa inay xirtaan gadhku, iyo xishoodo ka noqon kartaa oo kaliya in muddo ah, ku tilmaamayaa in sanadaha hore uu. Laakiin si looga fogaado in la ogaado, waxaan u lahaa in ay ugu danbeyn ka tago Captain iyo raadiyo meelo Lancers fardooley ah, halkaas oo gadhku idiin ma ahaayeen. Waxaa iyadu ay galaysay shaqada hoos magac wareegay Alexander Vasilyevich Sokolov - ina sharaf ah iyo nin oday.

dagaalkii hore iyo Cross George ee geesinimada

Galay 1806, iyo ciidanka Ruushka ka qayb qaatay dagaalo ka dhan ah Napoleon, galay taariikhda sida dagaalkii ka mid ah Isbahaysiga Afraad. Waxa ay ahayd ka hor ee soo socda ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Nadezhda Andreevna Durova si siman oo leh rag ka qayb dhowr ah oo ka mid ah dagaallada ugu badan ee waqti iyo meel walba waxay muujiyeen geesinimo gaar ah. Waayo, badbaadinta sarkaal ku dhaawacmay abaal iyada askari George Cross oo waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan dalacsiiyay saraakiil non-wakiishay. Muddadaas oo dhan waxa, mid ka mid ahaa dadka kale ma xitaa ogeyn in image ee rag ku heyso inay ku qarinayaan haweenay da'yar oo jilicsan ah.

gaadhista lama filaan ah

Laakiin sida aad ogtahay, dilka aan qarin doono. qarsoodi dheer-hayn noocan oo kale ah Nadezhda Andreyevna ugu dhakhsaha badan noqday amarka loo yaqaan. Waxaa soo saaray warqad qoraal ah oo uu aabbihiis ka hor mid ka mid ah dagaalka. Iyadoo aan ogayn in ay u noolaadaan, Hope weydiiyay uu u dambi dhaaf oo dhan ka dhigay inay isaga iyo hooyadiis waxaa ku Qaddarray in ay la kulmaan. Ka hor inta in, Andrey ma uu ogayn meel gabadhiisa, laakiin hadda, isagoo macluumaad sax ah, tixraac amarka ciidanka inuu ku laabto guriga carcarara.

Laga soo bilaabo xarunta dhexe ee amarka ahaa deg-deg ah, oo taliyaha guutada, taas oo u adeegi jireen sida Nadezhda Durova, si degdeg ah iyada ku St. Petersburg diray, loo diiday hub iyo rid ilaalinta lagu kalsoonaan karo. Mid ka mid ah qiyaasid kartaa oo keliya waxa ay ahayd dareen asxaabteena, si aad u ogaato kuwaas oo run ahaantii u soo baxay iyagii, in kastoo beardless, laakiin saajin ah oo xoog leh oo geesi ah ...

dhagaystayaasha ugu sareeya ee la Emperor

Dhanka kale dacaayadda ah rag aan caadi ahayn gaadhay Alexander Sovereign Emperor aan, iyo marka Nadezhda Andreevna gaaray caasimadda, isla markiiba uu kaxaystay oo jooga daarta. Ka dib markii aan maqlay sheekada in uu la kulmay haween dhalinyaro ah, si siman iyada oo nin oo dagaalka ka qayb, iyo ugu muhiimsan, in ay fahmaan in ciidanka iyadii u keenay ma amarkooda jacaylka, iyo rabitaanka in ay u adeegaan dalka, gar gooyo ogol yahay Nadezhda Andreyevna sii wadaan in ay noqon in unugyada dagaalka iyo shakhsi by Order ayaa waxa ay ka dhigtay in ay ku darajo ee Sarreeye labaad.

Waxaa intaa dheer, in ay sii wadaan xigaalkeedii ayay uma abuurin dhibaatada, Emperor ah u diray inay u adeegaan ee Mariupol Hussars magaca wareegay Aleksandra Andreevicha Aleksandrova. Waxaa intaa dheer, iyada waxaa la siiyey xaq u leedahay, haddii loo baahdo, si toos ah codsi in Emperor ah. mudnaan noocan oo kale ah mar in loo isticmaalo oo kaliya dadka ugu mudan.

vaudeville regimental

Sayidka Nadezhda Durova - ka trooper-gabar iyo sarkaalka ugu horeysay ee dumar ah ee Russia, dhex Mariupol Hussars ahaa. Laakiin waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan ka dhacay in ay iyada story, mid istaahila in vaudeville ah la safeeyey. Xaqiiqada ah in Sarreeye u badalaan hodannimo la lahaa gabadhii burburin ah Taliyaha a regimental ah. Dabcan, ayay wax fikrad ah kama saabsan kuwaas oo run ahaantii waa iyada jecel yahay Alexander Andreyevich. Aabbaha - Colonel dagaal iyo sharaf nin - si daacad ah oo la ansixiyey doorashada ee gabadhiisa Qalbigayga oo dhan ayaan jeclaan lahaa iyada oo farxad la dhallinyaro ah iyo sarkaal wacan noocan oo kale ah.

Xaaladdu waa mid aad u basbaas. Gabadhii engejiyey jacaylka Oo wuxuu dillaacsadaa Lila iyo aabe ahaa neerfayaasha, ma uu garanaynin sababta Sarreeye ma uusan sii weydiisato in uu gabadhiisa gacanta. Nadezhda Andreyevna lahaa in uu ka tago si hammuun aqbalayn Hussars oo ay sii wadaan in ay u adeegaan ee Ulan Qiimeynta - sidoo kale, dabcan, magac been abuurtay iyada shakhsi madax-gooyo.

Bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida

In 1809 Durov diray inay Sarapul, halkaas oo aabaheed uu weli u adeegay sidii ay duqa magaalada. In gurigiisa ayay ku noolaa mudo labo sano ah, oo wax yar ka hor duulaankii Napoleonic mar kale in ay u adeegaan ee Lancers Lithuanian ah. Hal sano ka dib, Nadezhda Andreevna amray bar-koox dad ah. At madaxa Lancers uu quus ayay qeyb ka ahaa inta badan dagaallada weyn ee 1812 dagaalka sano. Wuxuu dagaallamay Smolensk iyo Kolotskim keniisad, iyo Borodino difaacay Semenov dareen caan ah - nidaam istaraatiiji ah oo muhiim ah oo ka kooban saddex qalcad ah. Waxaa iyana waxay fursad u helay inay la dagaalamaan dhinac la Bagration.

habsami in-Chief

Soon Durov la dhaawacay oo ka tagay si loogu daweeyo Aabihiis in Sarapul. Ka dib markii dib u soo kabashada, ayay mar kale ku soo noqday ciidanka oo waxay u adeegeen sidii Kutuzov hagaagsan, iyadoo Kutuzov ahaa mid ka mid ah kuwa yar ee garanayay kii ayay runtii ahaa. Marka ciidamada dalka Ruushka ee 1813, sii jiraan hawlgallada mileteri ee ka baxsan Russia, Nadezhda Andreevna ku hadhay oo safafka, iyo dagaalka ee xoraynta ee Germany ka ciidamada Napoleonic kala duwanaayeen inta lagu guda jiro hareeraynta ah ee qalcadda Modlin iyo qabashada Hamburg.

Life ka dib fariistay

Ka dib markii dhamaadka guul dagaalka, naagtan waxaa la yaab leh dhawr sano ka dib markii ugu Tsar iyo Fatherland, ayaa ka fariistay la darajo ah shaqaalaha kabtan. Garka Hope Durova ogol yahay, iyada oo si aad u hesho hawlgabka ee Meyeydaan iyo bixisaa arrin jiritaanka raaxo leh. Waxay degeen Sarapul la aabbihiis, laakiin mararka qaar ku noolaa Yelabuga halkaas oo ay guri lahaa. sano qaatay ee ciidanka, soo rogay Nadezhda Andreevna sumadda badan, laga yaabee, sharxayaa oddities badan oo u dabaal dadka oo dhan soo socda iyada u waqtiga.

From the-qorka ee saffarro ogahay in ilaa dhamaadka noloshiisa, ayay ka hor tagtay in ay dharka ragga iyo waraaqaha oo dhan waxaa u saxiixay kaliya magaca Aleksandrova Aleksandra Andreevicha. Laga soo bilaabo dadka kale sida loo baahan yahay ku tilmaamayaa laftiisa in kaliya ee jinsiga rag ah. aragti ah in shakhsi ahaan iyada naagtii ayay mar ahaa, dhintay, oo waxaa iyadii image u gaar ah oo keliya u qotomiyey la magac buu isu yeelay-up.

Mararka qaarkood waxaa u yimid inuu dhinacada ah. Tusaale ahaan, marka maalin maalmaha ka mid wiilkeedii, Ivan Vasilevich Chernov (mid la mid ah waxay hal mar ka tegey, ninkeeda ka tago), waxaan u diray warqad ku weydiineysa uu u soo duceeyo in ay guursadaan, waxay aragtay rafcaan in ay iyada "Mamma," ayay warqaddu ku gubay oo aan xataa wax akhriska. Waxaa keliya ka dib markii wiilkii uu mar kale ku qoray, oo tilmaamayay in ay sida Aleksandru Andreevichu, uu ugu danbeyn helay barako hooyada.

shaqada suugaanta

Imaatinka intiisa kale ka dib markii shaqada ciidamada, Nadezhda Andreevna galaan hawlaha suugaanta. In 1836, ee bogagga "Casriga" ahaayeen xusuus iyada, markii danbe noqday saldhig u tahay "Xusuusaha" caan ah, kaas oo la daabacay ee isla sanadkaas hoos horyaalka "Trooper-gabar." Waxa uu ammaanay iyada talanti sida qoraa siiyey A. S. Pushkin, kuwaasoo la kulmay Durov dhex walaalkiis Basil, kuwaas oo shaqsi ahaan ogaa Abwaan weyn. nuqulka ugu dambeeya ee qorkiisa iyada lagu daabacay in 1839 oo ahaa hit weyn, taasoo keentay in qoraaga inuu sii wado shaqada.

End of gabdhood oo bikrado ah nolosha trooper

Laakiin, in kasta oo wax kasta, waagiisii ayaa hoos u Durov ahaa mid aad cidlo. The u dhaw jirta sano kuwii halkaas joogay bisadaha iyo eyda badan, taas oo Nadezhda Andreevna ilaa meesha aan kari gaaray. Waxay ku dhintay 1866 ee Yelabuga, ka hor da'da laba iyo siddeetan. Iyaga oo dareemaya hab dhimashada, waxay wax ka beddeli mayso caadooyinka, oo ay dardaarmeen aas laftiisa magac lab - midiidinka Ilaah Alexander. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wadaadka kaniisadda ee aan xad yaabaa dastuurka kiniisadda oo diiday si ay u gutaan rabitaanka la soo dhaafay. Otpeli Nadezhda Andreevna sidii caadiga ahayd, laakiin at aaska siiyey sharaf military iyada.

ayay ku dhashay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Catherine II, wuxuu ahaa a casriga ah oo ka mid ah shan taliyayaashii carshiga Imperial ee Russia iyo dhammeeyey si ay boqortooyada Alexander II, ka hor inta ay ka gaaraan baabiiyo of serfdom. Sidaas daraaddeed wuu maray - laakiin aan ka mid ah dadka ayaa xasuusta - Nadezhda Durova, Biography tamaam ah taariikhda Zaman oo dhan dalkeena.

Xasuusta haray qarniyo

Faracoodii mahadisaan Rajaynaynaa Durova isku dayeen in ay sii hurin magaceeda. In 1901, amar ah Imperial ee taallo Nicholas II la qotomiyey on qabriga oo ka mid ah damaashaaday iyo awr-gabadhii. epitaphs aaska ayaa ku xardhay erayada, u sheegay oo ku saabsan in ay dagaal jid in kacay inuu darajo ee Nadezhda Durova, oo u mahad-celinney naagtan geesinimada. In 1962, on mid ka mid ah luuq luuqyada ah ee degan magaalada park magaalada ayaa sidoo kale laga helay isku dhaceen ka mid ah ninka caanka ah.

Horeba in muddada post-Soviet, 1993, halkaas tiir xusuus ah in Nadezhda Durova furay on Square Saddexmidnimada Yelabuga. qorayaasha Its waa sculptor F. F. Lyah iyo naqshada SL Buritsky. Ha joogo oo ku Ruush qorayaasha. In 2013, at dabaal guuradii 230th ee iyada dhalashada in derbiyadii Yelabuga State Museum-Reserve dhawaajisay gabayo u huray in Nadezhda Durova qoran gabayaaga badan oo si fiican u yaqaan ee la soo dhaafay iyo saffarro our.