Mstislav Keldysh: Biography, photos qoyska

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich (dhalashadiisa - Ruush) ahaa saynisyahan a Soviet oo duurka ku ah xisaabta iyo makaanikada, academician iyo Madaxweynaha Academy USSR ee Sciences. Waxa uu u ciyaaray door muhiim ah ee barnaamijka meel Soviet.

Wiilka uu dhalay aabbe tayo leh

Aabbaha Keldysha Vsevolod Mihaylovich ahaa injineer ciidamada rayidka ah, kuwaas oo ka Riga Polytechnic Machadka qalin. Waxaa taas wuxuu guursaday Maria Alexandrovna Skvortsova, kuwaas oo nafteeda u huray in korinta carruurta. Aabaheed waxa uu guud ahaan ka mid ah madaafiic, ka abtirsan. Aabbaha Vsevolod Mikhailovich ahaa dhakhtar ciidan la darajo ah ee guud, iyo dadkii ku abtirsan ah. Keldysh had iyo jeer waxa ay ku faani uu sharaf leh dhalashada, taas oo isaga u keeni jireen dhibaatooyin dal communist. Sababo la xiriira nooca shaqo ee qoyska Vsevolod Mikhailovich u safray magaalo oo kala duwan. Waxa uu macalin kasoo machadyada farsamada oo uu ka qeyb galay ay design iyo dhismaha Metro Moscow iyo channel ee Moscow - Volga.

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich: Biography

Keldysh Mstislav ka mid ahaa toddoba carruur ah. Hooyo baray iyaga Jarmal iyo Faransiis, iyo Ruhbaaniyad jacayl ah oo muusiko ah. Oo walaashiis, Lyudmila noqday xisaab caan ah iyo walaalkiis Yuri - musicologist.

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich, kuwaas oo qoyska ee 1909 u wareegay Riga, halkaas oo aabbihiis macalin kasoo noqday Institute Polytechnic ah, ku dhashay 10.2.1911. In 1915, ciidanka Jarmal weerareen Latvia iyo shaqaalaha ee Riga Polytechnic Institute la daad gureeyay in ay Moscow. Halkan qoyska iyaguba, dhawr sano ka ku nool magaalada dibaddeeda ah soo maray, laakiin waa inuu waalidku jecel yahay music classical iyo riwaayada inta badan soo booqday magaalada. Carruurta xusuustay maalin maalmaha ka mid ah ee 1917, markii hooyadood oo daaqaysa basasha qoyska la shiilay oo dhan, sida cuntada oo kale oo aan ahaa. By dhamaadka 1918 qoyska u dhaqaaqay Ivanovo-Voznesensk, sidii aabbihiis bilaabay inuu wax baro in machadka kaas oo Riga Polytechnic Institute la lifaaqan.

Wax ka barashada Moscow

In 1923, qoyska u dhaqaaqay Moscow, iyo Mstislav, kuwaas oo ahaa 12 sano jir, ka barata dugsiyada №7 haadka Krivoarbatsky. Wiil The, muuqaalka iyo dhaqanka u eg socoto ah, waxay ahayd xun iyo muran.

Keldysh ku hanweyn yahay in uu sharaf leh asal ahaan, inkasta oo ay noqon lahaayeen kuwa fudud haddii uu lahaa waxa la qariyey. The noocyada rasmiga ah uu mar walba soo bixiyey rikoor "asal ahaan bulshada - sharaf leh", sidaas darteed in 1927 uu diiday gelitaanka Institute of Injineerro Civil.

walaashiis ka weyn Lyudmila lid ku ah rabitaanka aabbihiis, oo arkay wiilkii reer injineer, isagii yeelsiisay inuu wax ka barato maaddooyinka xisaabta. Mstislav galay University Moscow State Kuliyadda Xisaabta iyo Physics iyo qalin July 24, 1931 On talo xoogga leh ee macalinka Keldysh Lavrenteva graduate tayo leh ayaa loo xil saaray in ay Institute Central Aero-Hydrodynamic ah.

Work at TsAGI

TsAGI xaaladaha wanaagsan cilmi-baaris la abuuray. Halkan Keldysh la kulmay Leonidom Sedovym, taas oo kor u xidhxidhnaa iskaashiga sayniska dhow iyo saaxiibtinimo, saamayn doonto qaddar ee cilmiga ah.

In sano ee 1934-37 daabacay taxane ah oo articles on aerohydrodynamics, qoraaga ah taas oo ahayd Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich. koritaanka cilmiga tayo bilaabay si ay u xalliyaan mid ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka Duulista waqtiga - gariirka lama filaan ah xoogan oo baabbi'in kari waayay diyaarad. Shuqulkiisa teori ka caawiyay in ay ka gudbaan dhibaatadan. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu si uu u PhD on isticmaalka taxane polynom matalaadda hawlaha harmonic iyo variable adag cilmi baaris, ilaaliyo iyaga 1938

Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich: qoyska iyo carruurta

In 1938, ka dib markii courtship dheer naag is qaba, waxa ay guursatay Keldysh Stanislav Valeryanovna. sanadka soo socda, oo wuxuu lahaa oo gabadh, iyo in 1941 - ina Peter. Wiilka ka makaanikada iyo Xisaabta ka qalin, iyo gabadhiisa ka dib shaqeeyay museum Keldysh ah.

xisaabyahan A tayo leh

Keldysh sii cilmi-baarista iyo inta badan gacan saar la macallinkiisa hore Mihailom Lavrentevym. Mid ka mid ah mawduucyada uu rabay inuu ogaado ahaa dhibaatada Dirichlet.

Mstislav Keldysh ahaa xisaabyahan ah tayo leh iyo aragti ah isla'egyada kala duwan. Gaar ahaan ka qayb aasaasi ah wuxuu ka dhigay inay isku laan ku dalbatay of aerodynamics. Wuxuu ahaa la taliyaha dowladda theorist ugu weyn iyo qabanqaabiyaha shaqada xisaabeed ee la xidhiidha matoorada diyaaradaha iyo meel ee 1940-60-mada.

Dhibaatada of gariirka diyaarad ahaa mid ka mid ah hawlaha ugu horeysay on taas oo uu ka shaqeeyay keliya. Dhibaatada la xidhiidha labaad ayaa la gariirin doonaa, inta badan waa in hore marsho soo degtey diyaarad ku dul degtey. Halkan, waxay ahayd waayo-aragnimo waxtar leh qaadatay xalinta dhibaatooyinka gariirka, iyo shimmy xal ay, ay la socoto tilmaamaha faahfaahsan injineero ah oo ku saabsan sida loo baabi'iyo, waxaa lagu tilmaamay in 1945. Ka shaqeynta Zhukovsky TsAGI, ma uu tago Institute Xisaabeed ah, Waaxda zaveduya Farsamoyaqaan tan iyo markii la aasaasay bishii Abriil 1944 ilaa 1953

Tusaale ahaan xagga shuqullada ka muddadaas oo uu ku Institute Steklov ah: "Celcelis ahaan qiyaas saablay polynom of hawlaha variable ah oo adag" (1945), "On interpolation ee hawlaha oo dhan" (1947). Waxaa xusid mudan in kastoo ay shuqulladii kuwanu waa xisaab aan la taaban karin, xiisaha Keldysh dhibaatooyinkan soo baxay ay sabab u tahay fikrado ah in asalkiisu ka soo jeedo ee xalinta dhibaatooyinka xisaabta codsatay.

Space iyo hub nuclear

Ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, Mstislav Keldysh sii kordheysa ku hawlan jihada ka mid ah mashaariic cilmi-baadhis ugu muhiimsan in la hirgeliyo Midowga Soofiyeeti. In 1946 uu ka tagay TsAGI si ay u noqdaan madaxa Jet Propulsion Machadka Cilmi-baarista iyo qabtay xilka muddo sagaal sano ah.

Waxa uu ahaa Madaxweyne ku xigeenka ee USSR ee 1961-62 iyo 1962-75 Madaxweynaha, siday u kala horreeyaan. In dabaal dagaya markii ay sanad guurada 60aad ee 1971, wuxuu sheegay in uu ka qoomameeyay joojinta ka mid ah cilmi-baarista iyo diiradda on maamulka iyo maamulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu ciyaaray door muhiim ah horumarinta hub nuclear Soviet, iyo sidoo kale barnaamij meesha bannaan ee. Tusaale ahaan, waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah saddex cilmibaadhe oo kii soo jeediyay in 1954 by barnaamijka satellite bannaan ee Soviet, iyo in 1955 uu noqday guddoomiyaha guddiga u qotonsaday inay kormeeraan barnaamijka. Daah-guul ugu horeysay satellite 1957 calaamadsan bilowgii barnaamijka degdegga ah ee cilmi-bannaan, iyo Keldysh ku lug in this iyada oo loo marayo tiro ka mid ah ururada kala duwan, sida uu madax laanta xisaabta codsatay.

Shaqo ee Academy of Sciences

In 1959 waxaa la abuuray Sayniska iyo Farsamada Council go'amiyay, kaas oo loo magacaabay madaxa Mstislav Keldysh.

Biography ah saynisyahan ku xusay uu isagu talada hayey sida Madaxweynaha USSR, halkaas oo uu maamulo si ay u fuliyaan dib u habaynta halis ah. Gaar ahaan, xisbiga shuuciga ah ayaa diiday genetics, maxaa yeelay, isagaba ma ku haboon ay fikirka, iyo halkii ay taageerayaan kuwa siyaasad ahaan sax ah, laakiin aragtiyaha anti-cilmiyeed ee Trofim Lysenko. In 1964, markii saaxiibkiisa Nikolai Nuzhdin ayaa soo jeediyay xubin buuxda oo ah Academy ah, Andrei Sakharov, jaalle ah oo cilmiga ka si ay u horumariyaan hubka nuclear, ka soo horjeeda. musharaxnimada ayaa la diiday, iyo Keldysh ka qayb qaatay abuurista xaaladaha ee horumarka ah ee sayniska oo aan faragelin siyaasadeed, in xaaladda siyaasadeed ee markaas jiray Midowga Soofiyeeti, waxay ahayd mid aad u adag.

In 1975, sababo caafimaad Mstislav Keldysh, oo uu is casilay Madaxweynaha Academy ah. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in tani ay ahayd qayb ahaan sabab u tahay shaqo, qayb ahaan sababtoo ah welwelka ka dhasha ku dhib ah ee ilaalinta hadafyada sayniska xaalad ay sayniska waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida qalab ugu weyn ee halganka siyaasadeed. Dhintay 6/24/78 Keldysh iyo sharaf lagu aasay Wall Kremlin ee Necropolis.

abaalmarinta dowladda

Keldysh ayaa ku guuleystay abaalmarino badan labadaba dalka iyo dalalka shisheeye. Wuxuu waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Nobel ee State (1942) iyo Order ee Banner Cas Shaqada (1943) ay shuqulkiisa u sameeyaan on gariirka diyaaradaha. In 1946, kii ayaa loo Prize kale State ay shuqulkiisa u sameeyaan on shimmy ah.

In 1943 loo doortay in uu xubin u dhiganta oo ka mid ah Academy of Sciences iyo academician oo ka mid ah saddex sano oo buuxda ka dib. In 1956 wuxuu helay horyaalka ee Hero of Socialist Labour ee xalilaada mushkiladaha difaaca oo helay Prize Lenin ee sanadka soo socda. In 1961, wuxuu mar kale noqday Hero a of Socialist Labour, markan ay shuqulkiisa u sameeyaan on gantaallo iyo "East", pride duuliyo ugu horeysay adduunka ee, saarnaa oo ahaa Yuri Gagarin. Lix jeer uu abaal Order of Lenin iyo bilado dhowr jeer.

aqoonsi caalami ah

Keldysh ahaa xubin ka mid ah Dugsiyada tacliinta badan: Mongol (1961), Poland (1962), Czech (1962), Romania (1965) German (1966), Bulgarian (1966), Hungary (1970) tacliinta sare ee Sciences, American Academy of Arts oo Sciences (1966 ) oo isna loo doortay xubin sharafeed ka mid ah bulshada Royal ee Edinburgh 1 July 1968 uu sidoo kale helay doctorate sharaf of University Warsaw.

Ugu dambeyntii, markii loo doortay Guddiga Dhexe ee CPSU ah (1961) oo xubin ka ah Soviet Sare ee USSR ee (1962). Intaa waxaa dheer, bohol dayaxa ayaa loo magacaabay in uu sharaf, meeraha yar, laga helay 1973.