Saint Afanasiy Veliky ee Alexandria: Biography, taariikhda iyo buugaag

Saint Athanasius ee Great (c 295-373. GG.) Mid ka mid ah hoggaamiyayaasha kaniisadaha ugu caansan uu ahaa, waxaa loola jeedaa dugsi patristic Alexandria. Marka hore waxa ay ahayd qof qaata ee Aleksandriyskogo Wadaad ka Aleksandra, waxaa badalay kursi. Afanasiy Veliky waxaa loo yaqaan soo horjeeda ugu caansan ee Arianism. By sannadkii 350 BC. e. Waa ficil ahaan jiray hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu kaliya ee Empire Roomaanka (ama in ka badan si hufan ay qeybtii bariga) garabka nearianskogo, kaas oo la eryey iyo musaafuriyay dhowr jeer. Waxa uu canonized iyo qadarin in Roman Catholic ah, Orthodox iyo kaniisadaha Coptic.

St. Afanasiy Veliky

Athanasius waxa uu ku dhashay magaalada Masar ee Alexandria. Sida wiil, oo hooyadiis u keenay inay macbudka ku awowe Iskanderiya, iyo siiyey adeegidda Ilaah. Waxa uu ahaa nin aad u awood iyo caqli yar yar, ku dadaala fulinta amarrada Ilaah.

In 319, ka dib markii 6 sano oo uu wasaaradda in akhristaha kiniisadda, Wadaad u duceeyeen ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa sida adeegto ka ah oo ka mid ah Church of Alexandria.

Sannaddii 325, St. Afanasiy Veliky weheliyay Alexander koowaad ee Golaha Ecumenical Nicaena xoghayaha a. Markaasaa waxaa ay aad u firfircoon ugu lug doodaha dhaxaltooyo adag oo ku saabsan nooca Masiix. Arianism cambaareeyay, Arius qudhiisa la saaray, war waxay ka dhawaajiyeen consubstantial Trinity sida calaamad u ah iimaanka.

Isla mar ahaantaana, Athanasius bilaabay inuu shuqulladaadii hore ku qor. Oo wuxuu arkay no dhawrsashada in kuwa ka yimid kaniisadda Masiixa, maxaa yeelay, kuwa badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waa hadal macno darro, oo aan waxtar lahayn, raadinaya ammaan halaabin nafsaddiisa u bixinayo, keenay in nolosha Christian caadooyinka jaahilka iyo veruchenie qaldan.

Arius

Waxtarla'aan Arius sheegay in erayadan oo dhan cay iyo aflagaaddo ah oo ku saabsan Ciise iyo Hooyo Ilaah, Mu'minaadka ah in Masiixu ma wuxuu u dhigmaa Ilaah. Waxa uu sidoo kale dadka la aqbali karin in ay Church of Masiix wax baray, oon xakuumada tacsida ah. Tirada dadka taabacsan of this een kor u kacay, sidaas darteed wuxuu bilaabay inuu u soo yeedho Arians. waxbarashada been ah u qaybiyeen ku qasbeen in Christian Church oo dhan.

In 326, Wadaad Alexander dhintay. Halkii, uu doortay Bishop Athanasius. Wuxuu ahaa mid aad u xun oo ku saabsan inuu shaqada, ciyaaray badan oo dadka, canbaareeyay Arians iyo la dhibtoonayo ay caqiido non-Christian. Arians, markeeda, wuxuu bilaabay inuu ku Gana.

Konstantin Veliky

Waqtiga Boqortooyada Roomaanka Sharuucda Konstantin waxaan Veliky (306-337.), Yaa ku guuleystay in 324 badiyeen jaahilka ah soprovitelem hornimaadno Licinius. Constantine dareemay sokoeye dhab ah Church Christian ah. Waxa uu doonayay inuu ka soo leexdo kiristaanka galay diinta gobolka. taliye Tani si fiican u yaqaanna arrimaha guud ee dadweynaha oo ahaa diblomaasi u fiican, laakiin waxbarista Injiil waxaa si gaar ah ma yaqaan, sidaa darteed in ay adagtahay in go'aan ka gaarto waxa ay tahay mid run ah iyo waxa beenta ah, iyo in waxa fiican in aad doorato - Arianism ama Orthodox? Qaadashada hubin this ee aragtida, kufaar daalaeday galay jagooyinka oo dhan iyo waswaasiyey in dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee wararka xanta ah iyo ka qoreen, shirqool iyo kala jajabo.

Constantine ahaa taageere u ahaa xoojinta awoodda, laakiin uu sameeyey oo ka mid ah taageerayaasha Arius, Athanasius ka taageerayaasha heli cabashooyinka laba geesood ah. In Masar, waxa uu noqday noocyada dulmiga badan, dadkii waxay bilaabeen dagaallo xaafuun in jidadka.

whacker

Against Archbishop Athanasius jeestay dagaal oo dhan, oo uu ku eedeeyay in uu ahaa dambiile, sixirroow dhillay ah oo hana, adeecin taliyihii iyo samayn falalka sharci-darrada ah.

Ujeedadu waxay mar gaadhay heer of qaabdarro, markii uu ku eedeeyay in uu isticmaalayo sort qaar ka mid ah cut off gacanta kuwii dhintay oo waxaa iska lahaa wadaad Arseny, abuurtaa dhammaan noocyada sixirka. Arseny ahaa akhriste, halka qaar ka mid ah uu dembiga uu ku dhuumanayay ka mas'uuliyiinta, laakiin maqleen in Afanasiy Veliky xantay, muuqday maxkamadda gaarin ka hor. Sidaas daraaddeed waxay ahaayeen canaantay ah taageerayaasha been ah Arian.

Laakiinse kuwa been this ma ahaa ku filan, oo waxay kale oo intaa ku daray, laaluush qaar ka mid ah marwada ceeb la'aan, kuwaas oo uu sheegay in St. Athanasius doonayay in ay caro iyada. Athanasius saaxiib Timothy, dhegaysiga ka dambeeya albaabbadii this ashtako oo qudhmay, si lama filaan ah ku soo gashay hoolka xukunka, iyo naagtii u muuqatay, sida haddii uu jiray Athanasius, ereyada, ". Mileyshaya ii dambi dhaaf wixii aan idinla caawa rabshadaha sameeyey" Lzhesvidetelnitsa hysterically Cabaade inuusan marnaba ku cafiyo lahaa nin dhabqiya this iyo wax Fasaadiya Ehelkeedu. Garsoorayaasha ayaa arkay ciyaaray baxay majaajilada ah, oo qoslaya iyo eryadeen iyada.

weli ayaa waxaa lagu waayay by gooyo wuxuu u diray guddoomiyaha Alexandria.

Xoog iyo kadeedka

Emperor Constantine arkay qoto dheer oo dhan nacayb in ay noqon karto dhul ah dagaal diimeed dhabta ah, ka dibna wuxuu weyddiiyey St. Athanasius waqti in uu ka tago.

Dhanka kale, in 330 Arianism taageeray gobolka, Constantine ka masaafuriyey Evseviya Nikomediyskogo yeedhay, ka dibna Aria.

In 335 Athanasius cambaareeyay Cathedral Turos. Waxa uu mar kale been ku eedeeyay in ay ku lug leeyihiin dilkii wadaadkii Arseny meletianskogo iyo musaafuriyay Trier. Laakiin dhimashada Emperor Constantine ee 337 ka dib, uu guriga ku soo laabtay ka masaafuriyey.

Emperor Constantius

Emperor ahaa wiilkiisii labaad Konstantina Konstantsy. Maxkamadda ayaa dhan Imperial up for Arians istaagay, wuxuu bilaabay cadaadis of Orthodox Masiixiyiin ah, kiniisadda ka fogeeyey, waxay bilaabeen inay mashquulin carshiyadii niman shar ah. Afanasiy Veliky u cararay Rome muddo saddex sano ah.

In la masaafuriyey, wuxuu noqday ogyahay St Servatius, kuwaas oo noqday daafaca weyin in khilaafaadka la faasiqnimo ka Arian ee Golaha Sardica.

In 340, wuxuu mar kale ayaa laga eryey. At Alexandria uu waaxda uu leeyahay 345 oo kaliya ku soo laabtay, dhimashada Bishop Gregory ka dib. Laakiin in 356, wuxuu mar kale cambaareeyay Cathedral Milan, ka dib markii taas oo u cararay Sare Masar oo halkaas ku qarinaya ilaa sannaddii 361 ilaa dhimanayaan Emperor Constantius.

In ka badan 20 sano oo Afanasiy Veliky qaatay in la masaafuriyey, dabadeedna libidha, ka dibna soo socda guryahooda dib. Inkasta oo ay si xoogan u taageeray qolooyinka reer Ruhbaaniyad, Saint Anthony, iyo Pachomius. Later, wuxuu qori lahaa buug ku saabsan.

Athanasius, sida kiniisaddu ah, ma aqoonsana jiritaanka siman laamaha xagjir ah oo Arian Masiixiga ah.

dhibtani

Waqti ka, Rabbigu wuxuu xukumi uu maxkamad cadaalad ah oo dhan, Arius iyo kuwa raacsan kufaar la ciqaabay, laakiinse boqorkii kuwa sharka leh waxaa lagu dilay. Ka dib markii uu bedelay Julian riddada ah, wuxuu ahaa ku dhaqanka Jovinian Pious isaga, ka dib markii Valens, kuwaas oo, inkasta oo siyaabo badan oo ay wax yeelaan Kaniisadda, laakiin ka baqaya kacdoon, oggol yahay Athanasius inuu kursiga Alexandria soo laabto iyo aamusnaan iyo si nabad ah u maareeyaan inta kale ee wakhtigoodii. Bishop Afanasiy Veliky reposed on May 2373 at da'da 76 sano.

Sida badan sida 46 sano, wuxuu ahaa hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu of Alexandria, silcin iyo xantay. Laakiin waxa uu had iyo jeer ku soo laabtay runta injiilka ku saabsan Masiixa oo Badbaadiyeheenna ah ku wacdiyo.

Afanasiy Veliky: curiyay

Nuxurka uu fiqiga ahaa xaqiiqada ah in Ilaah waxa uu noqday nin si nin in Ilaah noqdaan. noloshayda oo dhan waxaan ku qaatay daafaca runta Afanasiy Veliky. "On u soo qaatay hadalka" - shuqulkiisa, kaas oo noqday qoraalka dhexe ee diinta kiristaanka, oo aan ku tilmaamay kuwo Xadgudba rumaysadka Masiixa rumaysnaa oo dhan.

Bishop Athanasius ugu horeysay lagu qabtay waayo-aragnimo oo ka mid ah Aabbayaashow Desert ee buugga "The Life of Antony". Qofku samaynayaan wixii falsafo si fudud u sheegay in. Qaribaadii uu duwan falsafada Afanasiy Veliky. "Commentary on Zabuur" waxay ahayd shaqo classical cajiib ah exegesis patristic in u ogolaanaya in ay akhriyaan qoraal oo si fiican u fahmaan macnaha dhabta ah iyo muhiimadda.