Means ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada ee suugaanta. hyperbola tusaale, marka la barbardhigo

Means ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada ee suugaanta si ka duwan waxa loo yaqaan ereyga "tamashle". Trop waa tiradaasi xogsiin ah, hadal ama eray loo isticmaalo in dareen tusaale ah, si kor loogu qaado hadal farshaxanka, masaallo. Noocyada kala duwan oo ka mid ah tirooyinka in shuqullada suugaanta hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa, waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa in hadalka maalin walba iyo cay dadweynaha. Noocyada ugu waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah tropes, sida hyperbola ah, epithet tusaale metonymy barbardhigo synecdoche, sarbeeb, litotes, habayn, dhigid, masaal. Maanta waxaan ka hadli doonaa oo ku saabsan soo socda saddex siyaabood: a la barbardhigo, buunbuunin iyo tusaale. hab kasta oo hadal la xiriiri doonaa kor ku xusan suugaanta wada hadlay si faahfaahsan.

Tusaale: aqoonsiga

ereyga "Tusaalahan" waxa macnihiisu yahay "macnaha maldahan", "kala iibsiga". Erayadani waxay ama erayga, taas oo loo isticmaalayo in qiimaha aan toos ahayn, oo ku salaysan Jidka mawduucaan waa ka barbar (magacaabin) iyo mid kale oo ah isku mid ah oo feature a. Taasi waa tusaale - tiradaasi hadalka kuwaas oo ka kooban in isticmaalka weedho iyo ereyo ku dareen tusaale ah oo ku saleysan la barbardhigo, la mid ah, eegtahay.

In dariiqa waxa ay kala yihiin kuwan soo socda 4 xubno: macnaha ama category; walxaha ku dhex jira qaybta la siiyo; hannaanka ay wax ka qabata shaqo gaar ah, habka codsiga xaalado gaar ah ama iyaga gudbaya.

Tusaale ahaan in leksikologii - xiriir semantic jira ee u dhexeeya qiimaha qaar erayada polysemantic, kaas oo ku salaysan yahay joogitaanka la mid ah (functional, dibadda dhismaha). Inta uu noqdo trope sida dhamaadka ah bilicsanaanta iniinahoodu ku dhex jiraan, sidaas barakiciyay asalka ah, macnaha asalka ah ee fikirka ah.

noocyada tusaalayaasha

In la kala saaro in aragtida casriga ah, kaas oo kuu sharaxaya sarbeebta ah, labada noocyada soo socda: diaphora (ie ka duwan, tusaale ahaan af badan), iyo epiphora (tirtirayaa, caadiga ah).

Geeyay sarbeebta ah waxaa lagu fuliyaa si joogto ah loogu talagalay fariin dhan guud ahaan ama jab weyn. Tusaale waxaa loo soo bandhigi karaa sida soo socota: "Ma aha abaar buug: kordheysa u jeedin duugowday soo baxay waxyaabaha la suuqa buugga - waxay leeyihiin in la geeyaa si degdeg ah, oo aan isku dayayo."

Sidoo kale waxaa jira waxa loogu yeero tusaale ay xaqiiqsadeen in ay ku lug leedahay khalkhalgelinta ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada iyadoon loo eegeyn in ay qof tusaale ah. In si kale loo dhigo, sida haddii ay lahaayeen macnaha saxda ah ee sarbeebta ah. Natiijada fulinta this badanaa waa maadda ah. Tusaale: "Waxa uu badiyay uu camal tegey oo taraamka ah."

Tusaalayaasha ee farshaxanka hadalka

In formation of noocyo kala duwan oo uu tusaale ahaan farshaxanka kaalin muhiim ah, sida aynu hore u soo sheegnay, ku tilmaamay aawgeed, ka links israacinayo dhexeeya waxyaabaha kala duwan. Tusaalayaasha iyada oo loo adeegsanayo ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada suugaanta xoojin our aragtida xad "la fahmi karo" iyo automatism ee sheeko ah.

In farshaxanka hadalka iyo luqadda ee waa kuwan soo socda labada tusaale, taas oo la aasaasay tamashle ah. At qalbiga ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah waa shakhsiyaynta ama animation. labaad wuxuu ku salaysan yahay reification ah. Tusaalayaasha (erayo iyo odhaaho) abuuray by model ugu horeysay, loo yaqaan personifying. Tusaalayaal: "dhaxan ku xidhay gudubno", "barafka waa", "Sannadkan ayaa u duulay by," "orod durdurka," "dareenkooda way libdhi", "mar joogsaday", ". Xiiso cunay) Waxaa sidoo kale iskuna sarbeebta ah (" murugo Deep "," birta doono "," xididka xumaatooyinka oo dhan "," holac "," gacanta qaddar ").

Language iyo noocyo gaarka ah ee dariiqa this iyada oo loo adeegsanayo ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada suugaanta mar walba jooga ee farshaxanka hadalka. Waxay ku siin sawirka qoraalka. Markii ay baareen alaabooyin kala duwan, gaar ahaan gabayada waa in si taxadar leh u falanqeeyaan waxa tusaale u ah farshaxanka. Waxay noocyo kala duwan ah hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa, haddii qorayaasha doonayaan in ay muujiyaan shakhsi ahaan, habdhaqanka gaarka ah si ay nolosha, inay u beddesho adduunka inagu xeeran hal-abuur leh. Tusaale ahaan, in shuqullada jaceyl dhab ah in tusaale muujiyay habdhaqanka qora in ay dad iyo dunida. In lyrics falsafada iyo mid nafsaani, oo ay ku jiraan macquul ah, raad tani waa lagama maarmaan iyada oo loo adeegsanayo aqoonsiga ee khibradaha kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale muujinta fikradaha falsafada ah gabayayaashiinnu qaarkood.

Tusaalooyinka tusaalayaasha abuuraa Abwaan classical

at AS Pushkin, tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira tusaale soo socda: "sneaks moon", "glades murugo", "riyo buuq badan," dhallinyarada "slyly taliya."

In M. Yu Lermontova:. "Maqlo" ilaaha reer lamadegaanka, ayaa sheegay in xiddiga ay la xiddig, "qalbi dhigaya," "maskaxda cadhooday" drives qalinka.

In FI Tiutchev jiilaalka "cadhooday" Spring "reebtay" furmo, "hurdo" Twilight.

Tusaalayaasha iyo images of characters

Taa baddalkeeda, tusaale ahaan wuxuu noqon karaa mid aasaas u ah noocyo kala duwan oo images characters. In Lermontov, tusaale ahaan, waxay ka samaysan images sida, calaamadaha sida "oo timir ah" iyo "Pine" ( "In North Wild ah ..."), "waxaa shiraaq" (gabay ah oo magac la mid ah). Macnahooda - in ka dhigaya qof ku dhoofnay geed sarbeebta cidlo oo raadinaya hab iyaga u gaar ah nolosha, qaba ama caasi ah, oo sidda Kanu waa warka culus ee uu ciirsi la'aan. Tusaalayaasha waxaa sidoo kale ku saleysan characters gabay abuuray in gabayada iyo Symbolists kale oo badan.

Marka la barbardhigo: Qeexidda

Marka la barbardhigo - this raad, kaas oo ku salaysan milmaan ee qaar ka mid ah ifafaale ama shay kale oo ku salaysan feature caadiga ah qaarkood. Ujeedada raaciyey taasi ka dhigan tahay hadalka, - si ay u aqoonsadaan shayga in this muhiim ah, oo cusub oo ay khuseeyaan guryaha kala duwan hadal.

Qoondee la barbardhigo: barbar shayga (loo yaqaan shayga of barbardhigo), shayga (is barbar hab) oo khariidaynta ay taasi dhacdo, laakiin sidoo kale astaan u caadi ah (barbardhiga, si ka duwan - "saldhig barbardhigo"). Mid ka mid ah sifooyinka lagu garan raad this waa xusidda ku saabsan in, iyo waxyaabo kale oo la barbar dhigo, waxay astaan u caadi ah waxaa sidaas ku tilmaamay muhiim ma aha. Waa in la kala duwanaayeen ka isbarbardhigga uu tusaale ahaan ka.

raad Tani waa dabeecad ee hiddaha.

noocyada kala duwan ee isbarbardhiga

Noocyo kala duwan oo lala barbardhigo waxaa laga heli karaa. Tan waxaa loo dhisay qaab ah isbeddelkaas la barbardhigo, taas oo la aasaasay by ururada "si sax ah," "sida," "haddii", "sida". Tusaale ahaan: "Waa doqonimo, sidii ido ah, laakiin sancada sida cadaabta." Waxaa sidoo kale jira barbardhigo asyndetic, kuwaas oo soo jeediyey iyadoo la saadaalin magacaaban farcan. Tusaale A caan ah: "Gurigayga - qalcaddayda." Waxa asaasay by magac ah in isticmaalka kiiska xarkaha - ". Tagaa raaga" waa, tusaale ahaan, Waxaa loo diido: "isku day The - ma la jidhdilay."

Marka la barbardhigo A ka mid ah suugaanta

Is barbar dhig sidii hab si aad ah loo isticmaalo ee farshaxanka hadalka. Iyada oo waxay tilmaamaysaa isbarbar, dirau, mid ahaanshaha u dhaxeeya dadka, noloshooda iyo ifafaale dabiiciga ah. Is barbar dhig, sidaas, sida la rajeenayo in ururada kala duwan ee ka kac ka qoraaga.

Inta badan, raad this waa soo diyaariyeen a israacinayo, taas oo loo baahan yahay si ay u soo bandhigaan image ah. Tusaale ahaan, in gabayga "Si badda", uu qoray Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym, badda waa qoraaga of tiro ka mid ah ururada la "Sweden" (Byron iyo Napoleon), iyo ninkii oo dhan. Waxay waxaa ku qoran in lala barbardhigo kala duwan. codka kulan badda, oo gabayaa ah ayaa sheegay in nabad gelyo leh ugu gunuustaan "baroor", saaxiib, "call" ee uu ku macsalaameynayo saac. Abwaan Byron in qofka arkaa tayo la mid ah in ay joogaan "aayadda free", oo qoto dheer, awood, Cameroon, moodiness. Waxa ay u muuqataa in Byron iyo badda - laba sugan uxuu u ah nooca la mid ah: a xorriyadda-jecel, kuwa kibirka leh, karka, dabiiciga ah, xoog-ka yeeli.

Marka la barbardhigo in gabayada qoom

In dad gabayo loo isticmaalo si weyn loo barbardhigo adkaysi u taagan lala barbardhigo ku tiirsanaanta dhaqan isticmaalo xaaladaha qaar. Iyagu ma ay yihiin shaqsi, oo laga soo qaaday fanaanada dad saamiyada iyo Sheeko. Waxaa la qaabeeya model ah in si fudud loo soo saari karo xaaladaha loo baahan yahay. Dabcan, ee gabayaaga, kaas oo ku salaysan yihiin hiddaha shuqulladiisa isticmaali barbardhigo xasiloon sida. MY Lermontov, tusaale ahaan, in uu "Song of Kalashnikov Merchant ah" ayuu qoray in boqorka eegay ka height jannada "sida gorayada ah" on the-baalal leh cirro "xamaam ee Young".

Buunbuunin: Qeexid

Erayga "buunbuunin" ee Ruush - waa erey in ka dhigan tahay in turjumaad "buunbuunin ah", "siyaado", "ka badan", "guurka". Tani waa tirada a stylistic, oo waa buunbuunin ah ula kac ah oo cad in si kor loogu qaado muujin shacuurta iyo in ay xoogga saaraan dhibic gaar ah. Tusaale ahaan: "Waxaan haystaa cunto ku filan muddo lix bilood ah," "Waxaan hore u soo sheegay kun jeer in".

Buunbuunin waxaa inta badan lagu daro kale oo kala duwan qalabka stylistic, taasi waxay siinaysaa midab ku haboon. Waa tusaale ah ( "kor u fuuleen buuraha ruxruxaa") iyo isbarbardhiga hyperbolic. Waxa ay muujinaysaa in xaaladda ama dabeecada sidoo kale laga yaabaa hyperbolic. Guryaha in danbeeyaan sida hadalka dadweynaha, style xogsiin halkan loo isticmaalo aqbaliddoodii sida laíaanta iyo meesha taataabtay xiriir la yaab xamaasad.

Tusaale ahaan in ay isticmaalaan buunbuunin afka Ruush - waa hadalkoodii iyo hadal sarbeebeed ( "Hillaac degdeg ah", "dhakhso ah, u ekaa hillaac," "Badda ee ilmo", iwm). Iskudar waa muddo dheer.

Buunbuunin ee suugaanta

Buunbuunin ee aayadda iyo tiraab waa mid ka mid ah hababka ugu qadiimiga farshaxanka ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada. Tilmaamo farshaxanka of raad this badan oo kala duwan. buunbuunin suugaaneed loo baahan yahay inta badan in la tilmaamo qaar ka mid ah tayada gaar ah ama guryaha dadka, dhacdooyinka, dhacdo dabeeci ah, ee wax. Tusaale ahaan, laylis ah qof gaar ah, geesi jaceyl, waa la xoojiyay dhex raad this: nin dhallinyaro ah oo daciif ah isaga qudhiisu ka heli dagaal la shabeel horjeeda siman u xoogan sida bahalka this duurjoogta ah.

guryaha buunbuunin

Buunbuunin, shakhsiyaynta, epithet iyo tamashle kale u muuqdaan in ay soo jiitaan dareenka of akhristayaasha. Features of buunbuunin in ay nagu qasabtay in aad eegtid cusub ee lagu taswiiray, in uu yahay, si ay u dareemaan in ay muhiimada iyo doorka gaarka ah. Riixaya xuduudaha kalsoonidii aasaasay, siinta dadka, xoolaha, walxaha, dhacdo dabeeci ah "cajiib ah" haysashada guryaha ka sarraysa, wadiiqooyinka loo isticmaalo by qorayaasha kala duwan, dunida dhaqanka farshaxanka abuuray by qorayaasha ku nuuxnuuxsaday. Caddee ee buunbuunin iyo habdhaqanka si Abuuraha reer shaqada ka muujinayaa - idealization, "qaadis" ama, taas bedelkeeda, Jees jees, diidmada.

kaalin gaar ah ayaa waxaa la ciyaaray by xusus ee shuqullada garneel lagu diirada. The satires, sheekooyin, epigrams gabayaaga 19-20 qarnigii, iyo sidoo kale in "qoraal taxane-taariikheed" ayuu garneel lagu Saltykov-Shchedrin ( "Story of City ah") iyo warkii uu cirfiid, in a sheeko garneel "Heart of Dog a" by Bulgakov. The majaajilooyin of Mayakovsky "Bath" iyo "bahal" buunbuunin farshaxanka waxyooday qaabdarro ee shaqsiyadaha iyo dhacdooyinka, muujinayo qaabdarro iyo mada, hadlaya sida caricature ama image caricatured.