Markabka "Olympic" The: sheekada. "Olympic," Titanic, "" Britannicus "- safay transatlantic

Markabka "Olympic" waxa ay soo martay waxay xooga badan. Waqtiga bilaabay waxa uu ahaa markabka waxaa loo qaadanayaa sidii wax yaab leh cusub ee dunida. Warkiisiina wuxuu gaadhay ka hor "Titanic", kaas oo lahaa qaab-dhismeedka la mid ah, waxaana uu u muuqday laba sano ka dib yaraaday, laakiin waxaa Maanshaynay ay safar ugu horeysay.

safay Class "Olympic"

Waxaa caado ah in Dhismaha maraakiibta. Sida laga soo xigtay iyada si, magaca la siiyay markabka, iyo mashaariicda oo ay la xidhiidhaan. Sababtan awgeed, dadka caadiga ah inta badan iskaga qasnee markabka "Olympic" ee fasalka la mid ah safay badda.

Waxaa jiray saddex. Midkii kowaad wuxuu ahaa "Olympic", ka dhisay 1910. Kan labaad wuxuu ahaa ee "Titanic", kaas oo noqday dunida caan ka dib markii uu shil.

Markabka la soo dhaafay of class this waxaa la odhan jiray "Britannic". Waxa uu u muuqday ka hor ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka oo markiiba bilaabay in ay sameeyaan hawlgallo military, oo ay ku jiraan gaadiid askari oo dhaawac ah. Ka dib shan duulimaad guul ayaa la wiiqay by anigaa a Jarmal ee 1916.

warshadaha Dhismaha maraakiibta ee bilowgii qarnigii XX ah

Intii lagu guda jiray sannadahan, raxan rayidka ah ee wadamada Yurub intooda badan shaqeeyey by xaqiiqada ah in guulaysanaya diiwaanka xawaaraha cusub, iyo waddooyinka carraale ugu cajiibka helitaanka gobollada fogfog. Atlantic Ocean ayaa noqotay muhiim u tahay sida wadada a, sida waxaa weelal ka saaciday inay dhakhso u kordhaya United States in Europe iyo dib. Gaadiid xamuulka xaaladaha halista ah iyo tiro badan oo waddanka u soo guurey. Calaamad kale oo muhiim ahayd xilligii - xafiiltanka sii kordhaya ee u dhexeeya xoogagga adduunka ka hor ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka.

Shirkadda maraakiibta British White Star Line tartanka in laga badiyay. tartanka ugu weyn waa Germany iyo soo saaraha kale Ingiriisi - Cunard Line. Arintaan noqday hoggaamiyaha warshadaha ee tan iyo markii ay deked markab badda yimid laba jiilka cusub ee dalaka - ". Lusitania" "Mauritania" iyo Waxay is khilaafeen ma aha oo kaliya weyn ee size, laakiin tayada Fleet. "Lusitania" ee 1907 jabiyay rikoorkii xawaaraha ee biyaha Atlantic, oo mid la gaari waayey xitaa ka badan 20 sano.

Against this soo jeeda, Kambayuutarada ah Dzhon Morgan, oo ahaa milkiilaha Star Line Cad, go'aansadeen in ay derejeeyo tartanka iyo injineerada dhigay fudayd ee ahaa abuuridda wax run ahaantii wayn. In mashruucan ahaa markabka "Olympic" iyo laba ka mid ah "walaalkiis".

sifooyinka

Marka la barbar dhigo maraakiibta kale, Maraakiibta cusub khilaafeen aad u balaaran. Ay tanka ka sii badnayeen tanka ee isku "Mauritania" ee qeybtii. cabbir Kuwani looma ogola in ay qaataan record xawaaraha, engine ku tasaruf lahaa khayraadka aad u tiro badan.

Hase yeeshee, waxa la isku raacay in mudnaanta markabka cusub ayaa noqonaya ay raaxo la dhalaalayay. Faa'iidada kale waxaa loo arkaa ammaan ah. samaynta ayaa sheegtay in si nidaam ah dhowr dhigan mahad Maraakiibta cusub ninki. Haddii jebinta noqon doonaa guryaha, daad keliya qayb yar oo ka mid ah markabka oo kaa caawin doona hafashada ka ilaaliya.

kalsooni in beddelay musiibo. Haddii "Olympic" run ahaantii la kulmay badan oo duulimaad, ee "Titanic" - calaamad markabka - ku dhintay uu safar ugu horeysay.

Engine New shaqeeya on kululeeyaha, iyo awooda waa 50 kun oo hooras. Markabka ayaa ku jira 2435 oo rakaab noqday diiqii reer 860 oo qof. Oo dhererkeedu wuxuu ahaa 269 m, width - 18 mitir. Tiradaas waalan isla markiiba soo jiidatay dareenka saxaafadda iyo dadweynaha in ay mashruuca cusub. Cadaato, dekedaha jir ah oo aan diyaar u ahaayeen inay aqbalaan weelal waaweyn sida, sababta oo ah waxa lahaa dib u dhiska deked yar ee meesha ku orday wadada "Olympic".

dhismaha dalaka Inner loo qaybiyey saddex fasal, ku xiran loobahanyahay ee rakaabka. luster Gaarka ah ee qolka cuntada kala duwan, taas oo ah waxaa loogu talagalay in ka badan 500 oo qof oo waa qolka ugu weyn ee markabka ee dunida. gudaha fasalka ugu horeysay lagu sameeyey qaabka jeer oo casri ah.

Bilaabidda

Duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee dalaka ka British Southampton ku soo orday inuu Cherbourg, France, kaasoo ahaa in Normandy. From meeshaasaa doonnidu si degdeg ah u socday New York. Tan iyo dabaasha waxaa inta badan u dhashay dabeecadda imtixaan, markabka hubiyaa ee isku halaynta iyo geynta ee digsiyada badan oo cusub, fulin on markabka. Iyada oo ku saleysan waayo-aragnimo this, samaynta ayaa soo bandhigay qaar ka mid ah isbedel ku mashruuca soo socda qalab lagu magacaabo "Titanic."

In ka sano ee hore ee hawlgalka ayaa waxaa dhacday in badan oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka, taas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma ahaayeen kuwo gaar u ah dilaa ah ee "Olympic". sumcad Wide helay shil la dalaka markab "Hawk". Inkastoo dhacdada ninna la dilay, maxkamadda bilaabay, si firfircoon daboolay saxaafadda.

Sababtu waxa ay ahayd in "Hawk" iska raxan gobolka. White Star Line eedeeyay baadi shaqaalihii markab, laakiin maxkamaddu xukuntay xisbiga difaacaneysa. Intaa waxaa dheer, oo ahaa sirkaalkii "Olympic" Smith ayaa lagu helay dambi ah Daalimiin ah, iyo shirkadda waxay aqbaleen inay bixiso lacag magdhow mulkiilaha.

Ka dib burburkii ka mid ah "Titanic"

Haddii hawlgalka ka mid ah "Olympic" waxa uu ahaa inta badan lagu guuleystay, markabka labaad fasalka ahaa burbureen horyaalka ugu horeysay. sumcad White Star Line ee sudhay ku miisaamaa. In si loo qanciyo ammaanka gaadiidka dadweynaha, shirkadda bilaabay dib-u-qalabaynta ay dalaka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, markabka bilaabay weerarka. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in qofna rabay markabka, qalabaysan ku doomaha isla ahaayeen on the "Titanic" u dhoofo. Waxay si fiican u ma aasaasay Habeenka, Faynuus ee North Atlantic.

doomo ayaa la bedelay. Intaa waxaa dheer, samaynta ayaa la casriyeeyay weel goo. Hal sano ka dib burburkii ku calaamad "Olympic" back to US waxay tageen.

Dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaalka "Olympic" sida weel gaadiidka rayidka ah ma dheer socon. Ka dib markii dhawr sannadood oo uu bilowdey iskahorimaadka la Jarmalka, iyo dawladda Ingiriiska requisitioned dalaka si ay u qabtaan amarada ciidamada.

Markabkan oo u adeegay in badda Mediterranean ayaa lagu rakibay madaafiic ku haboon. Daboolidda ahayd in la ilaaliyo markabka by quusta Jarmal. Mid ka mid ah ama qaab kale, laakiin "Olympic" wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka badbaadaan dagaalka, si guul leh agalay oo dhaawac ah si ay isbitaalada. Tani waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay mucjiso ah, gaar ahaan la tixraacayo ee mataanaha "Britannica" iyo dhimashada rakaabka, "Lusitania."

End of hawlgalka

Dagaalka ka dib, doonnidii waxay mar kale rayidka ah. In 30 sano markabka "Olympic" waxaa horay loo arkaa weel teknoolajiyada huriye. Sidaa darteed, iyada oo diyaarad kasta oo u caddaatay in ugu dhakhsaha badan waxaa loo qori doonaa off for duugga ah. Markaas shirkadda milkiilaha biirtay Line Cunard ah.

Uu duulimaadka ee la soo dhaafay "Olympic" sameeyey on wadada caadiga ah - ka Southampton in New York. Waxa ay ahayd 257 Rafaa safarka. Wax alla wixii aad odhan, isna wuxuu lahaa maal ah. History of markabka ahayd mid ka dheer in ay mataanaha - ku godan "Titanic" iyo "Britannicus" istaagay miino.

Habeeynimadii of parsing for alaabta biraha duugoobay oo ka mid ah weliba qolalkii hoose iyo hoolal, sida guri gaar ahaan qiimo leh ayaa la xaraashayo iyo iibin kala duwan ee shirkadaha ku qaadnaa.

Marka la barbardhigo "Titanic"

Marka la barbardhigo Taasi laftigeeda ayaa soo jeedinaya. Dadku waxay inta badan ku weydiin ah oo ku saabsan "Olympic" (markabka): "Maxaa ku dhacay isaga?". Just la mid ah "Titanic".

Waxaa laga yaabaa in ugu cajiib ah, xaqiiqda ah haddii aan asalka ah isbarbardhigga waa in Edward Smith, oo ahaa captain caan ah oo ka mid ah godan "Titanic", ka hor intaan la amray "Olympic". Laakiin markaas uu wareejiyay dalaka kale transatlantic. Sida xubin ugu khibrad ka mid ah shaqaalaha shirkadda. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in uu isdilay markii uu ogaaday in markab weyn bilaabay inuu dego in uu baadi. "Olympic" iyo "Titanic" ma aha wax badan oo kala duwan muuqaalka. The dhulka la taaban karo oo keliya taas oo ay suurto gal ahayd in la fahmo cidda uu yahay kii, sagxad this A. "Titanic" waxaa glazed meeshan, halka "Olimik" furan.

Waxaa jiray kala duwan yar ee kaabayaasha qaybinta. Sida "Titanic" - Markab la cafe a on sharraxaa labaad. The "Olympic" sida hay'ad at meeshan ma ahaa.