Madaxweynaha Polish Leh Kachinsky: Biography, dhaqdhaqaaqa siyaasadeed

Mid ka mid ah siyaasiyiinta ee bulshada casriga Yurub, dagaalka ah demoqraadiyada iyo cadaaladda ahaa Madaxweyne la jecel yahay ee Poland - Leh Kachinsky. Nasiib darro, uu mustaqbalkiisa sida siyaasad ahayn mid sahlan, oo dhicis ah iyo geeri naxdin leh ay ahayd la yaab leh oo dhab ah ma aha oo kaliya dalka laakiin sidoo kale guud ahaan dadweynaha. Aan isku dayno si ay u falanqeeyaan iyadoo ay jirto shil diyaaradeed meel u dhow Smolensk. Dhimashada Leha Kachinskogo u noqdeen oo dhan dharbaaxo weyn.

macluumaadka taariikh nololeedkooda

Leh Kachinsky ku dhashay caasimadda ah ee Poland (Warsaw) June 18, 1949 ee qoyska ka mid ah madaxda horusocod ah oo u dhaqdhaqaaqa. Aabbahay wuxuu ahaa injineer oo qeyb ka ahaa dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, iyo hooyadiis, philologist, waxay ahayd ka qaybgale firfircoon kacdoonkii 1944 ee Warsaw. Lech aan ilmo kaliya ee qoyska, dhab ahaantii, wuxuu ku lahayd walaal mataanaha Jaroslaw.

formation

Leh Kachinsky ayaa had iyo jeer ku dadaala iyo adag-shaqada, ayuu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiyada sare iyo sanadkii 1966 ku biiray kuliyadda maamulka iyo sharciga ee Jaamacadda Warsaw. shan sano oo ay si guul ah kadib markii ay ka qalin, oo sannad ka dib heshay shahaadada Masterka ee. Nin dhalinyaro ah oo firfircoon marnaba iska fadhiday, had iyo jeer ku lug leh ee nolosha ka mid ah jaamacadaha iyo magaalada, hadaf iyo iyaga gaaro. Sidaas daraaddeed, dhowr sano ah doctorate ah oo ugu dhaqsaha badan ka dib markii uu u dallacsiiyey in professor.

khibradiisa siyaasadeed

mustaqbalkiisa siyaasadeed ee mustaqbalka Madaxweynaha Poland bilaabay in derbiyadii Jaamacadda Gdansk, in Guddiga ka shaqeeya. Waqtigaas (1977-1978 sano), waxay ahayd wax-u mucaaradka dhulka hoostiisa anti-communist. Leh Kachinsky ayaa had iyo jeer difaacay danahooda iyo caawinta dadka kale sameeyaan, ma aha la yaab leh in uu loo magacaabay la taliyaha guddiga "weerarada ee Gdansk."

In the 80s hore ', marka xaalad degdeg ah la soo bandhigay dalka oo dhan, ayuu ku dhowaad xidhay sanadka oo dhan. Laakiin taasi kama ay jebin dagaalka ah caddaalad, laakiinse on lid ku ah, sida muuqata, waxa uu siiyey aaminsan in uu ka bedeli kartaa dalka wanaagsan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay markaas ahaa, iyo wuxuu lahaa qorshe ku saabsan dhismaha uu khibradiisa siyaasadeed iyo kor aadista dalka ninku yahay, maxaa yeelay, sida kaliya ee ay noqon waxtar leh si ay bulshada iyo cadaaladda gaaro.

Muddo dheer wuxuu ahaa wasiirka caddaaladda, wuxuu ahaa madaxa Xafiiska Amniga Qaranka (hoos Madaxweynaha Poland). Sannadkii 2001, oo ay la socdaan walaalkiis uu abuuray iyo madax xisbiga loo yaqaan "Law iyo Justice" Dhab ahaantii, labadan erayada ayaa noqotay hal ku dhiga iyo dulinka aasaasiga ah mooshin of this awood siyaasadeed, taas oo kaliya hal sano ayaa keentay in Lech, first to post ee duqa magaalada Warsaw, iyo ka dib 4 sano - madaxweynaha dalka. In 2005, dunida bartay: "Leh Kachinsky - Madaxweynaha Poland."

dabeecadaha aasaasiga ah iyo qiyamka

Madaxweynaha cusub ee Poland u yeedhay dimuqraadiyadda iyo si adag u daafacay, laakiin waqti isku mid ah oo isku dayaya inuu ku soo laabto nolosha dadweynaha iyo bilowgii anshaxa ee Christian qadiimiga ah ee awowayaashood. Sidaas daraaddeed, duqa, waxa uu ma aha oo kaliya si cad u soo horjeeda guurka dadka isku jinsiga iyo dadka laga tiro galmada, laakiin sidoo kale si joogta ah ka reebnay hayo ee parade sida ee Warsaw. Kaczynski, madaxweynaha ayaa sidoo kale ka hadlay kana soo horjeestay soo rididda iyo UCID, laakiin waqti isku mid ah oo ay taageerayaan ciqaabta dilka qiyaas kursiga danbiilayaasha khatarta ah.

Dad badan ayaa rumaystay in doorashooyinka ka dib markii gobolka ayaa qabtay in ka badan hal qof, laakiin ciyaarta oo dhan, waayo, Kaczynski. Tani ma aha la yaab leh, maxaa yeelay, kii walaal u yahay mar walba waxaa jiray, taas oo ah ma aha oo kaliya mas'uul ka ah tirada xisbiyada siyaasadeed ee Senate, laakiin mustaqbalka noqdaan xataa wasaaraha.

Sawirkaan bulshada European maanta Kaczynski badan oo ka fiirsan arrin mugdi. Tani waa sababta ugu weynina xiriirka waqti la Federation Ruush ah ay sabab u tahay musiibo ee Katyn iyo dhismaha dhuumaha gaaska Baltic. Intaa waxaa dheer, arrin muhiim ah oo lagu qiimeeyo siyaasadda madmadowga Kaczynski, malaha adeegay sidii ay qiimayn oo ka mid ah hawlaha Federation Ruush lagu jiro dhacdooyinka ee, Taiwan iyo sidoo kale hadal ah oo taageero u qoto dheer dowladda Joorijiyaan.

Waxaa macquul ah in qayb ka mid ah ee hawlaha siyaasadeed ee Mr Kaczynski ciyaaray waqtiga saxiixa Baaqa 2008 on ansaxinta ee Ukraine iyo Georgia galay NATO. Intaa waxaa dheer, Lev Kachinsky ansixiyay ciidamo ku Poland ee difaaca gantaallaha Maraykanka, taas oo keentay in jahwareer ku saabsan qayb ka mid ah Ruushka. Waqtigaas, Dmitry Medvedev si cad u ballan qaaday in Federation Ruush ah oo ku yaalla dhulka ee gobolka Kaliningrad nidaamka "Iskander". Iyo ogaa sida ay u dhintaan dhowr sano ka dib Leh Kachinsky. musiibada diyaaradaha kaas oo hormoodka xukunka oo dhan oo dalka ka qeyb gali doona, waxay ahayd dhameystiran lama filaan ah.

dhimashada dahsoon

Subaxnimadii April 10, 2010 waxaa jiray shil daran dhow Smolensk. Dhimashada Leha Kachinskogo ahaa musiibo dhab ah. On guddiga, marka lagu daro Madaxweynaha Poland, waxaa weli ahaayeen 95 qof, oo ay ku jirto xaaskiisa iyo ka "tip" ee gobolka (MPs oo senators). Nasiib darro, ma hal qof inuusan noolaanayn.

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta rasmiga ah, diyaarad ku burburtay meel 300 mitir u jirta runway ee Airporka a military ee Federation Ruush - North. Waxaa la filayaa in, sababo aan la garanayn, in shuruudaha aragti aad u liita ay sabab u tahay diyaarad nebula ah ayaa la faray in ay dalka iyo hab dhaawici geedka, iyo in ay ahayd sababta uu la ridey. Ku dhawaad islamarkiiba, Madaxweynaha Ruush la amray in la dhiso koox, baaraan sababta keentay shilka diyaaradeed ee Leha Kachinskogo.

Sida goob sheegay, dab ama dab kasta oo kale oo aan ahaa on board. Laakiin ciidamada saameynta of diyaaradda markii dayrta ahaa sidaas u weyn in at hal dhibic kor u eegay dabada ka mid ah diyaarada, taasoo ka dhigeysa fursad si loo badbaadiyo rakaabka lahayn.

shil diyaaradeed dhow Smolensk

Waxa ay u muuqataa ilaa xad shil dahsoon ka dhacay garoonka diyaaradaha Waqooyiga. Waxaa laga yaabaa in sababtan awgeed, dhimashada Leha Kachinskogo uu noqday dhacdada ugu dooday. In masiibo this lahaayeen su'aalo ka badan jawaabaha. dadweynaha joogay khasaare sida ay u dhici kara oo dhan, iyo waxa ama kuwaas oo run ahaantii ahaa musiibada: go'an naxdinta lahaa xaaladaha ama tallaabo taxaddar leh loo qorsheeyo?

Sida laga soo xigtay xogta rasmiga ah, diyaarad siday madaxweynaha Polish helin ogolaansho inay soo xerogeliyaan. Oo isla maalintaas, garoonka diyaaradaha South ahaa xataa u xiran yihiin. Crew joogta ah lagu talinayaa dalka ee Minsk ama Moscow, laakiin in kasta oo ay arrintani, guddiga oofiyey dhowr waji dhow garoonka diyaaradaha Smolensk. Shil ka dhacay.

In view of xaaladda allifey hadda, diyaaradaha soo caga, kaas oo ay saarnaayeen qofka ugu horeeya ee dalka, la qorsheeyay si ay u fuliyaan on runway ee garoonka diyaaradaha magaalada ee Smolensk "Severny" ah. Sida laga soo xigtay dadka degan magaalada, Garoonka diyaaradaha waa halkii jir xarun military istiraatiiji ah in uu yahay waqti dheer ka hor uma shaqeeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa halkan waa dib markii uu diiday in uu raaco isku day madaxweynaha ee doonnida degtey waxaa loo sameeyey in heerka la soo jeediyay.

Sida laga soo xigtay dadka "gaar ah", garoonka diyaaradaha tani waa mid xaqiiqdii in "jirey" state. Ka mid ah shaqaalaha ka qayb qaatay hawshii garoonka diyaaradaha, waxaa ka qayb galay shaqaalaha oo kaliya dhowr ah, kuwaas oo ku hawlan dayactirka ah ee ku ordaana xaalad wanaagsan. Sida laga soo xigtay iyaga, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in garoonka diyaaradaha waxa uu ku yaalaa u dhaw magaalada, maxaa yeelay, guutadii this aad u dhif ah u fadhiiso diyaaradaha. Oo wakiilada idman ee Federation Wasaaradda Ruush ee Difaaca hadal uu tilmaamay in garoonka uu yahay hawl iyo sii fiican u shaqeeyo. Oo waa in this garoonka Leh Kachinsky duulay sanadkii 2007 si ay u booqdaan xusuus Katyn ah.

aaska

Sayidka dhintay Leh Kachinsky (photo ee jirka, aan ma daabici karo sababo cad). Laakiin nidaamka aaska warbaahinta la buuxda u daboolay. Oo waxa xiiso leh. Marka eegaya sawirrada israac ee aaska hubaal dareen celiyay. Sidee in sida Kaczynski la dilay waa, laakiin waxa uu ahaa sida, dhex israac aaska yahay? Tani waa walaalkiis oo mataano ah.

data Historical: Falanqaynta hufnaan ah ee tu 154

Bal aynu eegno sababta dhimashada Leh Kachinsky? shil diyaaradeed, kaas oo ka dhacay in ka badan Smolensk - hannaankii ama soo beegay? In qaar ka mid ah akhristayaasha waxaa laga yaabaa in fikrad shakhsi ahaan sida ay u sababta waxaa jiray burburkii diyaarad ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in aadan ku tiirsan yihiin kalsoonida buuxda ee mashiinada kuwan. Tan iyo waagii 2001, diyaarad, kuwaas oo uu weheliyo taxane ah oo shilalka. Tusaale waxaa ah 2001-kii, markii guddiga ka Tehran soo socda si Yerevan, burburtay. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ugu dambeeya ee baaritaanka, ay ku dhinteen oo dhan 153 qof, oo sida laga soo xigtay khubaro sababta shilka ahayd qalad kama duuliyaha.

Shil saddex hawada kale oo ka dhacay 2001. Sida laga soo xigtay baadhitaanka ku dhintay 145, 136 iyo 78 qof, oo ay ku jiraan shaqaale. Isla mar ahaantaana, sida laga soo xigtay in isla news a, Jidka dayrta ee diyaaradaha laba xaaladood oo ay ahayd qalad ah oo ka mid ah shaqaalaha markabka iyo doonniyawadayaashaada, iyo kaliya in hal dhacdo, shil diyaaradeed oo ay sabab u ahayd xaqiiqada ah in tan dambe ayaa waxaa la sheegay in ku dhacay gantaal ah inta lagu guda jiro ciidamada layliga.

In 2002, waxaa jiray laba shil diyaaradaha. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah ka dhacay, sida ay opinion khabiir, ay sabab u tahay cilad farsamo. Laakiin shilka labaad ayaa ka dhacay, sida muuqata, maxaa yeelay qalad ama qalabaynta diyaarad ilaaliyaal, iyadoo ay jirto kulanka la "Boeing" at sare ah ee 12,000 mitir.

Against this, mid ka mid ah ayaa dhihi kara, masiibo in ka badan ka 154d, marka laga reebo xaaladda in uu ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro duulimaad duushay August 24, 2004. Waqtigan xaadirka ah in, on board diyaarad hawada ka Airlines "Siberia" iyo "Volga - Aviaekspress" ku dhowaad isku mar soo shaqeeyay laba walxaha qarxa, oo lagu soo qaado guddiga, rakaabka ismiidaamin ah. Sidaas darteed shilalka, oo dhan oo rakaab ah ayaa la dilay (siday u kala horreeyaan 46 iyo 44 qof).

In 2006, ay sabab u tahay soo galo galay thunderhead ee saarnaa ku-Tu 154 dhaceen, fulinta duulimaadka Anapa - St. Petersburg. Ka dib markii diyaarad ka soo faraha ka baxay, ayuu galay wareejin guri oo ku burburtay. Dhammaan rakaabka diyaarad ku halligmeen (169 oo qof, kuwaas oo 49 carruur ah iyo 10 shaqaale ah).

Dabcan, su'aasha ah ee shil Smolensk of Flight weli waa furan yahay, iyo sidoo kale qaabka uu u dhintay Leh Kachinsky. musiibada The on natiijada helay macluumaadka ugu horeysay sida ka dhacay iyada oo qalad ah ee duuliye ah. Mid ka mid ah uu helo aragti ah in ay Tu-154 duuliye haysatid shahaadooyin ku filnayn oo si fudud "ma karo" duuli on mashiinada, kuwaas oo, sida ay musiibo oo dhan ku dhacay waa qalad ah ee markabka. Iyo laga yaabee maamulka diyaarad waa kuwo ku adag in ay fudud duuliye Duulista duuli karaa on? dhibic saddexaad, kaas oo noqon kara cod - waxaa suurtagal ah in qalabka diyaaradda ma aha shaqo ku filan oo ka soo jireenka ah ee algorithms gacanta iyada, ama ay wax fiican u tari in xaaladaha muhiimka ah.

xusuusta ee qaranka

Ha u malaynina dadka, xataa gobol kale, siyaasi mar illoobeen, oo amiirka reer Poland. Afar maalmood ka dib markii shil diyaaradeed oo ka dhacay waxaa jiray wadada la odhan jiray ka dib markii Leha Kachinskogo Ukraine. Odessa sidaas muujiyay tacsi u musiibada iyo ku aamaanay in hogaamiyaha gobolka Polish. Baahnayn in la sheego, waxa aan ahaa tallaabo isku iloowsiiyo, iyo go'aan loo dhan yahay oo ku dhow City Council Odessa ee xigeenadiisa, kaas oo ay taageereen codkooda muwaadiniinta caadiga ah - dadka deggan magaalada.

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Si aad u taariikhda, mawduuca waa ku habboon, sida ma jiraan wax gunaanad final ah oo ku saabsan sababta dhimashada oo ka mid ah dadka ugu horreeya ee gobolka. Maxaad ka tarjumaya xaaladda wararka? Leh Kachinsky (2015 th - waa sanad guuradii shanaad ee geeridii ku timid madaxweynihii ugu) ku burburtay meel u dhow Smolensk. Qofna ma ka badbaaday. Laakiin dowladda Polish sii waday in ay baaritaan ku sameeyaan sababaha shilka. All aan loo samayn by baaritaan oo dhan ma gunaanad sida in sababaha. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixin rasmi ah, Poland lix bilood oo kale soo cusboonaaday baaritaanka musiibadan, gelinaya dhawaaqay final oo ka mid ah sababaha shil diyaaradeed ku April 10, 2016.

Dhinaca kale, "taabashada" baadhitaanka ugu taabashada, wakiilada rasmiga ah ee gobolka Polish sheegay in ay qubo oo aan weli la helay fikrado khabiir dheeraad ah oo ku lug leh baaritaanka ee musiibadan.

Kooxda reer Poland ayaa si rasmi ah la sheegay in horay looga ururiyay 650 Muga ka mid ah maaddooyinka ku saabsan waayaha, xidhashada furan, iyo 120 Muga qalabka la heli karo si goobada cidhiidhi ah, t. E. Top qarsoon.

The gunaanad rasmi ah

Gunaanadka rasmiga ah ma la odhan karaa waa mid gaar ah. Sida xaqiiqda ah, ma jiraan wax loo dhanyahay oo ku saabsan sida ka dhacay dhimasho Leha Kachinskogo. Xaqiiqo ah oo qiimihiisu u muuqdaan in ay aaminsan yihiin in uu shilka dhacay ganay, oo ma mucaaradka siyaasadeed iyadu ma xidhnayn. Falanqaynta of ilo kala duwan iyo fikrado meel muujinaysaa in dhab ahaantii waxay noqon kartaa asalka siyaasadeed xaaladda ka dhacay. Haa, wax badan oo aan la garanayn. Diyaarad gaar ah oo leh dadka ugu horreeya ee gobolka, diidmada ah ee dhulka degdeg ah garoonka diyaaradaha garoonka diyaaradaha joogin ... Laakiin katasrofa iyo wax ay tahay, ma aha caadiga ah. Bal yaa og, laga yaabee, waxaa sidaas ku heshiiyeen in isla saacaddiiba on xiddigaha samada oo kale. Aynu sugi April 10 ...