Laxamiistaha Rimsky-arrimo: liiska xagga shuqullada. Rimsky-arrimo, Nikolai Andreyevich: operas, shuqullada symphonic, romances

Nikolai Rimsky-arrimo (1844-1908) - laxamiistaha Ruush weyn, sarkaal ciidamada badda, macalin, xubin firfircoon oo ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada", taas oo ahayd maleegay oo ka dambeeyay V. V. Stasov. Mabaadi'da in composers, kuwaas oo qaatay tusaale ah ee hiddo Ruush, Rimsky-arrimo ka dib wareejiyo fasallada baridda ay Petersburg St. ku Conservatory.

muuqaalka guud ee hal-abuurka

Nikolai Andreyevich qoray, wuu rumaystay isaga qudhiisu wax badan. Dhab ahaan, waa shan iyo toban operas, saddex symphonies iyo foomka symphonic kale (shidmaan, cantatas, riwaayado, Capriccio, Zinedine), walxuhu vocal. Tani, in kooban, liiska shuqulladiisa. Rimsky-arrimo ee sano ka dib ee uu noloshiisa murugo ayaa sheegay in ay wax laga xumaado, haddii la illoobay. Laakiin ma, shuqullada uu jecelyahay iyo dalbadeen daawadayaasha.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

Nikolai Andreyevich waxa uu ku dhashay sharaf qoyska ka mid ah magaalada gobolka Tikhvin. walaalkiis ka weyn (Farqiga da'da ee ahaa weyn - 22 sano) ayaa sarkaal ka tirsan ciidamada badda, iyo in yar oo Kolya riyooday ku saabsan safarka badda, ilaa iyo inta lix sano uu helo waxbarashada guriga. Waxa uu u ciyaaray yar biyaano ah iyo xitaa ka kooban, laakiin uu badda haadinaya. Aabbihiis maankuu ku riyooda iyo 12 sano ayaa Wiilka u siiyey arday Bada ee Corps ee St. Petersburg. Halkan uu kula kulmay opera Talyaaniga iyo Jarmalka, wuxuuna noqday mid soo jiitay tuurina si music. At 15 jir, wuxuuna noqday mid si dhab ah barashada biyaano. Macallinkiisa soo bandhigay nin dhalinyaro ah hibada xubno ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada" bakeerigaagu ee 1859.

Oo shuqulladaadii hore

Isla mar ahaantaana, hoos jihada of Balakirev, Nikolay Aleksandrovich bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan Symphony koowaad, kaas oo ka furmay liiska shuqulladiisa. Rimsky-arrimo la bilaabay iyada oo qoraal ah si dhab ah ee 1861-1862 sano. Waxa uu ku qoray qaybta hore, Scherzo oo ka carraray. Waxa uu abaabulay aad u xun, sababtoo ah in duruusta muusikada hore u lahaa. Rimsky-arrimo ka qalin Corps Marine ah oo u tegey badda. Waxa uu weli isku dayaysa in ay qoraan andante, laakiin dib u shaqada, si joogto ah u fulinaya adeega on clipper ah "Almaza" muddo saddex sano ah. Muddo sanado ah uu arkay dunida badhkiis, iyo waayo-aragnimo badda ka dib ka dhex muuqan doonaa shuqullada orchestral. Marka Nikolay Aleksandrovich yimid ka dib markii 1865, ay dhameystirtay shaqada uu Symphony, Gaarna Ruush ruuxa, iyadoo mawduucyada of songs dad ka buuxsamay. andante si gaar ah caan ah oo leh song ah "Tatar waxaa ka buuxa." Its version ugu horeysay waxaa lagu sameeyaa gacanta ugu Miliya Aleksandrovicha Balakireva. In 1884 wuxuu in ay ka shaqeeyaan iyada Rimsky-arrimo la noqdeen. Symphony 1 ayaa dib-u-soo maleegaan. In foomkan modified oofin ee maanta.

laxamiistaha New rinjiga

midabka Qaranka ee music, kaas oo la qabay dhamaan xubnaha ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada", ka muuqataa abuuray 1866 "Overture on Saddex Mawduuc oo Ruush" in 1867 - in ay "khiyaali Serbian" iyo sawirka muusikada "Sadko". Masawirka waxaa ka - yada nolosha laxamiistaha dhallinyarada. Halkan waxa uuna ka Helayn ka dib waxaa loogu yeedhi lahaa "kala duwan oo ka mid ah Rimsky-arrimo ee", taas oo si fiican u tarjumaysaa midabada orchestral badda iyo element dunida quuska ah fantastic. Mawduucan ah "cid Sadko" joogtaa opera ka dib ay noqon doontaa.

Soo jiidashada in sheeko cirfiid

SHEEKADII sii Suite ku symphonic "Antar", taas oo kakanaanta heeseed iyo laxanka ee ilmood oo la isticmaalay. Tani waxay abuurtaa codka bariga qoraaga xaq. Laxamiistaha laba jeer soo noqday inay ka shaqeeyaan on Qisada cirfiid bari, oo aan weli natiijo la doonayo.

guurka

In afar iyo labaatan sannadood 1871-1872 Nikolay Aleksandrovich ayaa ka shaqaynaysa uu opera ugu horeysay "The Yartoy of Pskov", kaas oo ka kooban saddex falalka iyo lix farshaxanka. In shaqo this, waxay ka caawisaa badan oo gabar yar Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold, biyaaniiste khibrad iyo laxamiistaha, aamadani. Waxaa yimaado lama huraan ah. Dadka dhalinyarada is jeclaataan. dareen Tani waxay ku qaadi doonaa iyada oo loo marayo nolosha, keenidda uu 1872 arooska. 1873 ayaa waxaa ay astaan u diyaar garowga ayaa ah riwaayadaha ee "The Yartoy of Pskov" Masraxa Mariinsky ku hoos jihada of E. Nápravník iyo dhalashada wiilkiisa Michael.

Isbadal ee opera ugu horeysay

Laakiin waxa aan ahaa version ugu dambeeya ee riwaayadaha taariikhda, kuwaas oo la qoray by Nikolai Rimsky-arrimo. "The Yartoy of Pskov" waxay leedahay saddex dhibcaha. Work ku dul socday muddo ku saabsan shan iyo labaatan sannadood. Markii hore, dhammaan xubnaha ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada" wuxuu raad ku qoraaga dhallinyarada ah, gaar ahaan Mussorgsky, kuwaas oo qoray "Godunov" waqtigan. Dulucda iyo yabban ka furteen maacuunta, laxamiistaha walba ka muuqda qaab halganka khayr iyo shar kala, labada qof ahaaneed iyo dadweynaha. Qisada ee opera ka joojiyey Tacaddi. Qoraaga ula kac tagay badnaa ee Arias oo ensembles, dhawi recitative. Opera ayaa si joogta ah ee ay soo rogeen in Russia iyo Italy, iyo Spain, iyo Belgium. In Paris, waxa ay ahayd guul weyn oo ku saabsan xilli Diaghilev Ruush.

All todobaatanaadkii ee khusaysa hawlaha waxbarasho ee firfircoon iyo is-waxbarasho.

ubax ee hal-abuurka

kaca laxamiistaha Creative keenaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in ay liiska shuqulladeedu ay updated. Rimsky-arrimo la abuuraa opera "May Night" ee 1880, kaas oo soo gudbisay Masraxa Mariinsky ah gacanta ugu E. Nápravník. Shaqadan waxaa qoray talo ah ee uu markaas-aroosadda. Waxay iyo Nagi shuqulkiisa Rimsky-arrimo. Opera "May Night" bandhigeysa dhegeyste lyrical, maadda iyo guriga iyo goobaha fantastic. Waxay ku salaysan tahay hal-abuurka dad song ah.

In guga ee 1880, wadahadalo kula AN Ostrovsky oo helay ogolaansho in la sameeyo in baalasha shaabadaysan ee opera "Snow xaasnimada" isbedel, Rimsky-arrimo ay shaqadeeda bilowdo. Waa ay fududahay. dabiiciga ah oo dhan ee xaafadda Stelovo dhiiri isaga. Xitaa codkiisa u muuqatay in ay ku celinayaan Ibliisku ama wuxuush kale kaynta. dareenka badan waxaa la siiyaa badan yihiin Rimsky-arrimo in xoogaa yar oo music dhawaaqa, height u dhow kala duwan oo ka mid ah alaabtii muusikada ama vocals. Oo waxaa dhacday mucjiso gabay, kaas oo kuwii hore u xiiso qudhiisu qaaday Ostrovsky. Rimsky-arrimo ee "Snow xaasnimada" waxaa la raacio u ageegi wiilal, halleeyo lillaahinimada iyo daahirnimada of songs qoom, heeso gobanimadoonka guga. sal-dhigida Orchestral inay gogol qeexayaa baraaruga guga ee dabiiciga ah. Easy iyo quruxsan mid ka mid ah Aria koowaad ee xaasnimada Snow ah ( "... iyo nooca berry si ay u tagaan"), ee lyrically ay wax lays Arietta "Waxaan maqlay, maqlay." Muuqaal "sagootiyey Damaashaadka" waxaa ka mid ah dhacdooyin heesta hees dad. Sharcigu wuxuu marka hore uu bilaabo gaabis ah oo viscous song Lola, ka dibna u faraxsanaa qoob-iyo sii jilicsan, murugo Arietta xaasnimada "Waxa halkan i dhaawaceysaa," xamaasad leh, sheeko degdegga Kupava "xaasnimada, waan ku faraxsanahay." In fal labaad waxaa ku badan ammaanida ee grand Tacaddi Berendey "salaan aad si, kuwa caqliga leh." Si degan ku shubtay dreamy, Berendey ku cavatina gabay. fal saddexaad furmay qoob ka istareexsan ee "Aacii, in liponka berrinka". dhacdo Symphony ee "The Dance of buffoons ah" laga buuxiyay midabyo orchestral dhalaalaya, garaaca xiiso leh. Broad Privolnaya luuq ee song saddexaad Lola "daruur onkod inay wax ku Dhagraan." In fal afraad ee soo gaaray dareen lyrical of xaasnimada Snow ah. In marxaladda xaabo uu Heroine iyada image jilicsan oo jilicsan. Rimsky-arrimo ee "Snow xaasnimada" dhameystiraya chorus weyn iftiimeen.

gogo 'violin Iduna

In 1887, oo dhan lama filaan ah u dhintay AP Borodin. Uu "Prince Igor" waxaa aan dhammaystiran. Glazunov iyo Rimsky-arrimo kor u qaadeen oo shuqulkii weynaa on falanqaynta ee qoraallada iyo dhamaystirka shaqada on opera ah. In xagaaga ay ka shaqeeya dalka, laakiin shaqada Nikolai Andreyevich kala gooyey. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa fikrad ah in aan isaga tago in ay ka koobanahay khiyaal ah violin Iduna on theme Isbaanish. Capriccio Espagnol laxamiistaha - this Suite, kaas oo ka kooban 5 qaybood. Waxay yihiin, iyada oo aan fasax, iyo sawir nolosha iyo dabeecadda ee Spain, fasaxyada iyo iyada characters dad. Capriccio - gabal for orchestra la isbedel ah midab iyo doorashada si taxadir ah qaababka nunu. Qaybta koowaad - "Alborada" - oo ku salaysan melodies Asturian oo soo dhaweeyay qorraxda aroortii goor wanaagsan. Ka dib markii hakin ah, tag "Isbadalka" ee qaybta labaad. Waxay ku salaysan yihiin at qoob fiidkii, oo dhameystiraya maalintii Asturias. Melody uu leeyahay dabeecad-dhaqatada, laakiin markaas bilaabaa in uu si xoog leh ka dhawaajiyaan, si xamaasad leh, iyo si tartiib tartiib ah Dantana. Qaybta saddexaad dhegeystaha soo laabtay theme ugu horeysay - "Alborada". Laakiin dhawaaqa hadda waa ka sii cad ah oo awood badan. Qaybta afraad - a dareen Andalusian song-qoob ka ciyaarka. Its turumbooyin furan oo fuusto, ka dibna soo jeedin ku violin Solo, iyo biibiilaha, iyo kataaradda clarinet iyo. All dhameystirtay cayaar socoto dabci is-bedbeddela leh. qaybtii ugu danbaysay ee shanaad - "fandago of Asturias" - sameeyaa by orchestra oo dhan, laakiin waxaa isla markiiba maqlay trombones. Tani waa weyn oo degdeg ah, waxay saamaysaa awoodda iyo haybad ee cayaarta. Qoraagu wuxuu ku noqdaa mawduuca saddex meelood oo meel, iyo xeerka soo celin bilowga - waxaa codadka si dhakhso ah, rabshado Alborada.

Sheeko weyn

Laga bilaabo 1895 fikirrada laxamiistaha ee si joogto ah u noqon oo mawduucyada heer sare ah iyo riwaayado. Hirgelintooda, wuxuu ku bilaabmaa Sheeko la soo jiidasho badan ee Gogol Vakula oo quruxduna cadho Oksana. Sidaas waxaa jira "Habeen ka hor inta Christmas." Opera waxa ay uuraysatay ayaa sidii sheeko cajiib ah, taas oo Nikolai Andreyevich ka mid ahaa dad badan oo dib loo yuulka. Waxay la xoojiyo xubno ka ah in uu u gudbiyo nolosha dhabta ah ee Tuulada Little Ruush. Overture ficil ugu horeysay si degdeg ah immerses dhegeyste ee habeen qabow Ukraine. Mood, oo galay afar falimihiisii kale, kala duwan iyada oo ku xiran dabeecadda. Ibliisku Bright iyo bay Solokha saaxiib picturesque Solokha - Kuub, madaxa iyo Sexton. Patsyuk sixirroow amaanaa. In fal afraad ee goobaha nolol maalmeedka la midab ah maadda ah, interspersed lyrical. Oo chorus ugu dambeeya ee codadka awood badan "In Memory of Gogol."

Tacaddi Novgorod

Marka aad dhamaysid, Nikolai Andreyevich isla markiiba in isla 1895 loo qaato sida shaqo ee soo socota. Hadda waxa uu si buuxda u la Hawiyaha ah ee dunida ka mid ah epics Nordic. maacuunta Fantastic Tacaddi ka mid ah dadka Ruush ka muuqataa opera soo socda. madaxa ayaa horumariyo miisaanka cusub, kuwaas oo iyada ku siin doonaa dhawaaq heer sare ah oo qalaad. Eebehenno bilaabaa inuu qoro opera "Sadko". Rimsky-arrimo u diiday by qeybinta gelin falalka iyo interludes, gaarey toddoba farshaxankiisa ay. laxamiistaha The isku dayeen in ay abuuraan doorkiisii ka socodka siman garoomada, kaas oo ahaa in xilka looga ruuxii warkii Tacaddi dad. Waxay ku bilaabmaa gelida sharafta leh ee orchestra ah, taas oo ku siinayaa sawir ah Bad-badda. sawirka ugu horeeya ee - a goobaha qasiidooyinka weyn oo ah in la joojiyo la fanaaniinta majaajilada ay cayaaray. Goobta labaad ee qaadataa meel on xeebaha Lake Ilmen, halkaas oo cafiyan Sadko iyo Princess Volkhov. Ay beydkiisa jacayl yimaado iyada oo u eg wareega songs qoob maxaabiista boqortooyada quuska. Sawirka saddexaad ayaa muujinaya xanuunka la dayacay Lyubava. Her recitative iyo Aria murugo qoto dheer ka buuxsamay. In goobta afaraad ka dhici tallaabo deked yar ballaaran ka. Choir diyaarinaya muuqaalka kore ee Sadko iyo Viking Guest la gabaygiisa Ragow, Indian iyo marti Vedenetskogo. Ugu dambayntiina, Sadko gabyaa ballaadhan iyo rajadii ay song Ruush in dhammaan ka soo gaaray. Sawirka afraad dhamaado gabay guud. The farshaxankiisa shanaad iyo lixaad muujinayaan muusikada loola jeedaa badda badda.
Sadko gabyeen songs iftiin la mahdiyo "Sea Blue menacingly ballaaran." Wuxuu qaadataa on kataarad, oo iyana way tageen oo dhan cayaarta ku ah koxda. Taas darteed, duufaan kacay on badda, oo waxay bilaabeen inay u tiimban maraakiibta. Starchische-geesiga garaacana kataaradda at Sadko, iyo amiirad, iyo Volkhov diro Novgorod. Sawirka ugu dambeeya waa Volkhova sagootin kalgacal oo soo jeedin waa in webiga, la SADC, oo uu shir naagtiisa Lyubava leh. Sanqadhaha ee beydkiisa faraxsan. chorus A awood gebogebeeyay opera ah. All gabyi ammaanta Sadko, River Volkhov ah iyo buluug badda badda. "Sadko" waxaa ka mid ahaa in ay liiska ugu shuqullada eedeysanuhu. Rimsky-arrimo, Glinka tan ugu si buuxda loogu qeexay iyada style dad Ruush. Iyo waxa ugu kala opera this of taxanaha oo dhan, qoraal Nikolaem Andreevichem - sidaas darteed waa recitative ah Tacaddi.

shuqullada vocal

Nikolai Rimsky-arrimo naftiisa hal abuur leh ayaa si joogta ah u abuuray shuqullada qasiidooyinka iyo heesaha. Waxay ku qoran oo ku saabsan siddeetan. Laakiin hadda waxaan u soo jeedin aannu ogaanno qolkii sheyga - hindiga bari ( "Nicma by Rose ah Nightingale ah"), aasaasay oo ku saabsan erayadii A. Koltsov. Waxaa iska leh waayo-aragnimo ugu horeysay ee arimahan laxamiistaha ee. Tani shaqada elegiac languid. luuq ee qaab cusub oo lacag la'aan ah. Waa sidii uu jiro element ah improvisation. Piano qayb si loo ogaado nooca ay, waxay u baahan tahay in la muujin shacuurta ah vocal in qoraalka ah ee hadalkii. In shuqullada dambe noqday aasaas u ah codka ah, kaas oo ahaa in ay whimsically raacidda biyaano.

gunaanad

Rimsky-arrimo ka tagay kaalin weyn. Laakiin qofku shakhsiyadiisu waxaa ugu buuxda shaaca ka qaaday in operas ah. Waxay muujiyaan jaceylka uu sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda ah ee sifooyin qaranka ee qof Ruush ah, taariikhda iyo nolosha dadka, oo uu fikrado gabay iyo caadooyinka. Muddo la soo dhaafay of abuurka loola jeedaa Halyeeyga riwaayadaha "Legend of City ee Invisible of Kitezh", kaas oo sheegaya waxa ku saabsan dhacdooyinkii duulaankii ilkeed ah, iyo korhin-Sheeko "The Golden Cockerel", taas oo uu ku jawaabay in ay dhacdooyinka kacaan ee 1905.

laxamiistaha ugu dhintay 1908 oo waxaa lagu aasay St. Petersburg.