Laxamiistaha A. S. Dargomyzhsky: Biography, dhaxal hal abuur leh

Aleksandr Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky, Biography gaaban in la soo bandhigay in maqaalka - laxamiistaha Ruush weyn, kaasoo sameeyey waxyaalo badan oo ku cusub music Ruush classical. Years of naftiisa - 1813-1869. February 14, 1813 waxa uu ku dhashay Dargomyzhsky. Uu Biography bilaabmaa. Trinity gobolka (Dargomyzhe) Tula, halkaas oo uu ku dhashay. Aabbihiis u adeegay sidii mid sirkaal ah, sida Alexander hooyadiis ahaa gabayaa-lover.

Sida uu ku soo qaatay uu carruurnimada hore Dargomyzhskii

Biography, warbixin kooban oo shuqullada, xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh oo ku saabsan laxamiistaha ugu - xiiseynaya kooxo badan oo uu shaqada. Bal aan ka bilowno tan iyo bilowgii oo aad u sheegto oo ku saabsan ilmanimada hore ee laxamiistaha ugu mustaqbalka.

Alexander isagii ka qaaday in estate ee waalidkood, kaas oo ku yaalla gobolka Smolensk. Muddo ka dib, qoyska u dhaqaaqay St. Petersburg. Waxaa jiray guriga wax lagu baro Alexander Dargomyzhsky. Uu Biography sida calaamad this casharada waqti music, masraxa iyo suugaanta. Macalimiintu waxay ahaayeen Aleksandra Dargomyzhskogo AT Danilevsky (biyaaniiste), PG Vorontsov (violin dalka), F. Shobernehler (laxamiistaha Viennese iyo biyaaniiste), BL Tseybih (gabayaa).

Intaa waxaa dheer, Dargomyzhskii la kulmay M. I. Glinkoy (uu sawirka waxaa sare lagaa siin), oo wuxuu isaga siiyey qoraal gacmeedyada teori ka Professor Dan ka keeneen Berlin. Waxay ka qayb qaatay fidinta aqoonta Alexander in counterpoint iyo wada noolaanshaha. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu bilaabay inuu wax ka barato orchestration Dargomyzhsky. Uu Biography sii abuurka oo shuqulladaadii hore madax banaan.

Oo shuqulladaadii hore, ardayda Dargomizhskiy

The gogo 'biyaano hore iyo heeso lagu daabacay in 1830s ah. Qiimaha ugu weyn farshaxanka waa songs ku abuuray on erayada Pushkin ee: "Night Zephyr", "Vertograd", "nin The barbaar iyo bikrad," "Waxaan idiin jeclaaday", iwm Oo sannadaha soo socda music ah vocal ahaa mid ka mid ah danaha hal abuur weyn ee Aleksandra Dargomyzhskogo in. ku faraxsan yahay in la siiyo casharo gabay, oo lacag la'aan ah. Tiro weyn oo xertiisa ah. iyaga ka mid ah waa lihida ah Madame Byelenitsin (Karmalina) Bibibina, Shilovskaya, Yeelanaya, Barteneva, Purgolt (Molas), Princess Manvelova. Dargomizhskiy had iyo jeer u waxyoonay ka jeelahay haweenka, gaar ahaan - nimankii gabayaaga ahaa. On dambaysta ah, uu bar-kaftamay sheegay in, iyaga oo aan, ma noqon doono kacaya si ay u noqdaan laxamiistaha ah.

Opera "Esmeralda"

Opera "Esmeralda" (sano abuurka - 1837-41) waxaa loo arkaa shaqo ugu horeysay ee weyn ee Alexander. Buuga- iyada horay u noqday in ay sheeko Victor Hugo caan ah "Notre Dame de Paris". Shaqada Tani, in kasta oo aan qaan gaarin (waxaa la qoray by nooca opera Faransiis) waxay muujinaysaa rabitaanka macquul ah Dargomyzhsky. "Esmeralda" marna waxaa la daabacay. In St. Petersburg, maktabadda ka mid ah Tiyaatar Imperial, dukaamada klaviraustsug, score lagu qoray iyo qof caan ah saxiixiis Dargomyzhsky. Dhowr sanno ka dib, shaqadan loo dhiibay. In St. Petersburg Ciyaar ka dhacay 1851, iyo in Moscow - in 1847.

romances Dargomizhskiy

opera la qanacsanaan Aleksandr Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky. Uu Biography waxaa ay astaan u jeestay in shuqullada. "Esmeralda", sida muuqata niyad laxamiistaha ugu. Haddana wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka koobanahay songs Dargomyzhsky, kuwaas oo Biography ay astaan iyaga ka hor qoraal ah. Wada jir ah ula shuqullada hore ee cusub (total 30 songs) ayaa lagu daabacay 1844. Markaasay waxay u keeneen warkiisii Dargomyzhsky. The romances ugu fiican ee 1840s waxaa loo arkaa in ay shuqullo abuuray on gabayo Pushkin ee: "Night Zephyr", "ilmo", "Wedding", "Waxaan idiin jeclaaday." In 1843, on aayaadka gabayaa isla waxaa la abuuray Cantata Dargomizhskiy "The uuu of Bacchus". Shaqada Tani ayaa lagu soo bandhigay in 1846 at maamulka riwaayad St. Petersburg Bolshoi Tiyaatarka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qoraaga loo diiday wax soo saarka ee "uuu of Bacchus" ee foomka of opera ah abuuray 1848. Kaliya badan ka dib, kaliya ee 1867, waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in Moscow shuqul abuuray laxamiistaha a Dargomyzhsky. Bio ay weli in muddada soo socda ee hal-abuurka.

Safarka iyo isbeddellada cusub ee shuqullo laxamiistaha ee

isbeddellada New shuqulka Dargomyzhsky muuqday qeybtii labaad ee 1840 - bilowgii 1850naadkii. Waxay la xiriira ka bixitaanka iyo nasanayay of our dalka in dugsiga sidaas lagu magacaabo dabiiciga ah (xaqiiqo xasaasi ah), fanka iyo suugaanta. Alexander Sergeyevich wuxuu bilaabay inuu soo jiito sheekooyinka inta badan dad. Intaa waxaa dheer, in kooxdiisa ay xiiseyneyso hiddaha uu noqday xitaa ka sii weyn. Dargomyzhskii ku hawlan processing ee songs soo ridayeen ah. Waxaa la odhan karaa in sii daraysa ee miyir qaranka waqtigan ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in laxamiistaha ugu jiray dibadda ee muddada u dhaxaysa 1844 in 1845 uu booqday Germany, Vienna, Brussels iyo Paris. Dargomyzhskii halkaas ka tegey oo keliya taageere ee Faransiis ah, iyo in ay taageere St. Petersburg ee dalka Ruushka ku soo laabtay, sida uu yahay kiiska la Glinka.

Waxay ahayd waqti this in dhammaystirka ee "xaqiiqo laxniga" - habka hal abuur laxamiistaha ee (ciyaari intonations hadalka waa hab maamulaha by kaas oo images loo abuuray). laxamiistaha ugu sheegay in uu ka go'an in ay hubiso in codka waxa lagu sheegay erayo. In song ah "Miller" waxaa dhaqan galay mabda'a ah in qirashadeeda Alexander Dargomyzhsky. Biography kooban oo uu calaamadeeyay fulinta firfircoon oo ka mid ah "laxniga ee xaqiiqo." From the songs "Miller" on gabayo by Pushkin dun stretch u "Stone Guest" - opera, halkaas oo mabaadi'da murti muusikada waxaa la fuliyay. "Hadalka Omuzykalennaya" muuqataa in songs ah "ugu dhaqsaha badan, waxaad iga illoobi doonaa," iyo "Oo caajis iyo murugo."

opera The "Rusalka"

opera The "Rusalka", ka abuuray 1855 by riwaayadaha ee AS Pushkina, waa wax soo saarka dhexe ee muddada. Waa run ku tilmaamay qaddar naxdinta lahaa gabar ridayeen kuwa khiyaaneeyey oo amiir u ah. Dargomyzhsky in shaqadan abuuray nooca ah in kiciyo arrinta sinnaan bulsho (reerka riwaayadaha muusikada dad). May 4, 1856 markii ugu horaysay soo bandhigay in "gabareeymaanyo" in Mariinsky St. Petersburg Tiyaatarka. Waxaa soo gudbisay la qurxinta jirka ah, qaab dayacina, dharka aan habboonayn, biilasha dhigo. Ma aha la yaab leh, opera this ma ahaa guul. Waana mid ka, wax soo saarka ee ka dhacay by K. Liadov, kuwaas oo aan jeclaan Dargomyzhsky. Ilaa 1861, "gabareeymaanyo" ayaa hor joogsaday dhan 26 qaab. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1865 waxaa la cusboonaysiin iyo Komissarzhevsky C. Plato. version cusub ee opera ahaa guul weyn. Waxaa ka mid ah in waajihid ee tiyaatarada badan, waxa ay noqotay mid ka mid ah operas Ruush ugu caansan.

waxqabad muusik iyo bulshada

Intee in leeg ayaad ku ogaan saabsan composers sida Dargomyzhskii? Biography in miiska, meeleeyay buugaagta, ka kooban oo keliya macluumaadka aasaasiga ah oo ku saabsan. Dhanka kale, Dargomyzhsky ma ahayn oo keliya laxamiistaha ah. waxqabad muusik iyo bulshada Aleksandra Sergeevicha Dargomyzhskogo biloowday tan iyo dabayaaqadii 1850kii. In 1859 laxamiistaha ugu noqday xubin ka mid ah Guddiga RMS ah (Ruush Musical Society). By ka qeyb komishanka in baaritaan shuqullada waa in loo diraa tartanka, wuxuu ka qayb qaatay horumarinta music Ruush. Dargomyzhsky sidoo kale ka qayb qaatay abuurista xeerka ugu horeysay ee dalkeenna Conservatory. Isla mar ahaantaana Alexander samaystay saaxiibo la composers kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday xubno ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada" (Balakirev goobada "). Natiijadu waxay ahayd kobcinta hal abuur leh labada dhinac.

Iskaashiga leh "Iskra"

Dargomyzhsky, Biography iyo hawshooda si dhow lala nolosha oo dhan, ee 1859, gacan saar la leeyihiin "ayuu Iskra". Waxa ay ahayd wax raadayn kara waqtiga majaladda garneel. Iskaashi tagay qorid ah oo ku saabsan shaqada dheeraad ah laxamiistaha ugu. Alexander abuuray music ku salaysan gabayo P. I. Veynberga iyo V. S. Kurochkina - gabayaaga, kaas oo la daabacay ee "Iskra". content Social waxaa la raacio heeso cusub Dargomyzhsky la xiriira waqtiga this: "Worm", "la-taliyaha -Gudoomiyaha", "Old jirka." Isla mar ahaantaana uu waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay iyadoo kuwii gabayaaga ahaa hiwaayadda laxamiistaha, iyo heeso waa lyric: "qoto dheer waan soo xusuusan", "Waa maxay magaca ah", "kuwa kibirka leh waxaan ku kala qaybsamay."

opera Last Dargomyzhsky

dareenka laxamiistaha ee sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa mar kale keentay in ay opera ah. Isagoo go'aansaday si ay u fuliyaan dib u habaynta a xagjirka ah, Dargomyzhsky ee 1866 bilaabay shaqo on "The Stone Guest" by AS Pushkin. Waxa uu doonayay inuu qori music aan badalayn qoraalka ah ee Pushkin. Dargomyzhsky diiday foomamka operatic, taariikh ahaan: ensembles vocal, Arias geeyay. Goolkiisii ahaa sii ficilka muusikada. Recitative, declamation arioso loo qaaday saldhig, in uu yahay, opera waxaa ku dhowaad oo gebi ahaanba la dhisay on recitative melodizirovannom. shaqo ayaa waxaa ku dhawaad la dhamaystiray dhawr bilood ka dib. dhimashada Dargomizhskiy u diiday in la abuuro music kaliya in ay 17 Aayado ee la soo dhaafay. C. Cui dhammeeyey "The Stone Guest" by doonista laxamiistaha ugu. Waxa uu sidoo kale la aasaasay oo hordhac ah si ay opera ah, kaas oo la soo maleegaan Rimsky-arrimo.

The qiimaha "Stone marti"

"The Stone Guest" iyada oo loo marayo dadaalka of saaxiibbadiis Aleksandra Dargomyzhskogo la sameeyay February 16, 1872 at Tiyaatarka Mariinsky ee St. Petersburg. In 1876, opera la soo nooleeyey, laakiin lama hayo waajihid ah. Ilaa maantadan la joogo waxaa weli aan si buuxda u mahad. Ma aha oo kaliya ka mid ah composers Ruush (Rimsky-arrimo, Mussorgsky) raacsan helay mabaadi'da cusub ee opera kama dambaysta ah ee Alexander. Its mahad iyo shisheeye fanaaniinta. Gaar ahaan, Gounod doonayay in la abuuro ay opera u gaar ah, waayo, iyadoo muunad laga qaadaayo "The Stone Guest". In shaqada "Pelléas et Melizandra" Debussy ahayd mid ku salaysan mabaadi'da dibuhabaynta, taas oo uu fuliyay Dargomyzhsky. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee isaga u noqon lahaa aan dhamaystirnayn haddii aan aan lagu sheegay oo ku saabsan shuqullada orchestral of Alexander Sergeyevich.

Orchestral shaqeeya Dargomizhskiy

duwanyihiin ugu iyaga ka mid ah in la oran karo waa sida "Baba-Yaga", "khiyaali Chuhonskuyu" iyo "Cossack Ruush Little." images data guriga shuqullada laxamiistaha xumeeyay tarjumaad grotesquely buunbuuniyey. Waxaa laga halkan baxdo cibaaro ay isticmaali farsamooyinka farshaxanka. Waxay la sii shuqullada composers sida Ruush sida A. Liadov, Mussorgsky iyo kuwa kale. January 17, 1869 ee St. Petersburg, dhintay Dargomyzhskii (hoos ku sawiran yahay qabrigiisa).

Biography kooban oo isaga maanta waxaa bartay in dhammaan dugsiyada music of Russia. Oo shuqullada Alexander sameeyaa ee tiyaatarada ugu fiican ee dalka ilaa maantadan la joogo. Waxaa jira ka mid yihiin kuwaas oo Weligey ma maqlin composers sida Dargomyzhsky yar. Biography carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn, soo bandhigo maqaalkan khuseysaa oo keliya in shuqulladeedu ay ugu muhiimsan iyo guulaha. Waxaan ku farxi doonaa, haddii aad u doonayay in ay sii wadaan yiqiin leh music Ruush classical. Aad u xiiso this ay wakiil sida Dargomyzhsky (biography iyo hal-abuur). Si kooban noogu sheeg oo ku saabsan naftiisa iyo dhaxalka, oo hadda aad awoodo.