Kharashka sharciga ah

In dacwadaha madaniga ah, kharashka sharciga ah waa lacag la bixiyo by qofka codsanaya gargaar maxkamadda. In dareen ballaadhan, fikradda waa lacag loogu talagalay dhaqdhaqaaqa oo dhan, iyo tallaabooyinka la shaqsi. falalka Individual ka dhigi kara xubnaha maxkamada ama shakhsiyaadka gutaan waajibaadkooda garsoorka. Sidoo kale, fikirka ku lug leedahay kharash ah ee wax ganacsi ah - in ay qabsadaan qareen ah.

ajuurada maxkamadda iyo lacagta la siiyo wax soo saarka ee waxyaalaha iman doona. Payment waxaa laga dhigi doonaa by xisbiga codsata a tallaabo nidaamka. Haddii looga baahan yahay inay wax ka qabtaan iyadoo labada dhinac, kharashka dhasha iyaga by si siman.

Go'aan ku lug leedahay qeexidda soo horjeeda kuwaas oo uu leeyahay ay ku buuxin karaan maareynta geedi socodka. Sidoo kale ku rakiban go'aan xisbiga, taas oo ay hirgeliyaan doonaa magdhawga kharashka sharciga ah in ay xisbi kale. xaddiga kharashka waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa iyadoo la raacayo xogta bixisey inta lagu guda jiro geeddi-socodka. Haddii aysan suurto gal ahayn in la dhiso marka la dejinayo go'aanka, xisbiga wuxuu xaq u leeyahay in la helo qadar qiil si fulinta.

kharashka sharciga ayaa lagu wadaa iyadoo la raacayo mabda'a "ciqaab" ee casriga ah dacwadaha madaniga ah. State, amaanka iyo ilaalinta xuquuqda madaniga lacag adeegyada ay.

Waa in la ogaadaa in wakhtiyadii hore ee Russia (iyo dalalka reer galbeedka), maxkamadda waxaa loo tixgeliyaa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu faa'iido awoodda. Sidaas daraaddeed, diraya wakiilkiisa si ay u ururiyaan dakhliga qaarkood ee gobolka, saraakiil iyo taliyayaal leeyihiin rabshadaha ka go'an sida qayb muhiim ah oo dakhli ah. Kharashka helay ay guushu ku amiirka ama isu diray.

The go'aanka maxkamadda go'aamisay rigoore kala duwan. Sayidka, sare wuxuu ahaa weji, si loo xaliyo khilaafaadka, ayaa in ka badan waxay ahaayeen faqri. Xaaladdan oo kale, kharashka sharciga mushaarka ay guushu ku eedeeyay maxkamadda iyo xisbiga guusha.

Ilaa daabaco Sudebnik ugu horeysay ee loo isticmaalo saddex nooc oo ujrada. Tusaale ahaan, waxay lacag ah call in ay caddaaladda, "beerta" iyo macaamil ganacsi ee caalami ah. Iyadoo hordhaca Sudebnik lagu helay si kow iyo toban nooc oo eedeeyay. Tusaale ahaan kastaaba wuxuu lahaa waajibaadkooda. Recovery lagu qaaday ka dib markii geedi socodka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqtiga dacwad maxkamadda ku jira ee u dhaaranay siiyey damiin. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Tsar Boris dhan eedeeyay ayaa diinta khasnaddii. Garsoorayaasha kiiskan ayaa la siiyey xaq u leedahay inaad qurbaanno ikhtiyaar.

Intii lagu guda jiray lacag ulozhenija waa nidaam u gaar ah. Sayidka, lacag loogu jiro xafiiska ugu faa'iidada iyo maxkamadaha, iyo sidoo kale waajibaadka bannaan ee (khasnaddii) ayaa la soo bandhigay.

afar nooc oo khidmadaha laga helay in ka-habaynta pre Russia. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen:

1. Kharashka baryootankayga keenay by maxkamadaha.
2. Ka dhigan tahay, waayo, kala iibsiga ee dacwad ku saabsan racfaanka masuuliyiinta sare iyo ganaaxyada ee cabashooyinka dulmi iyo dacwadaha. rigoorayaal Part codsaday in maxkamaddu go'aansatay kiiska, qayb ka mid ah - in jihada amarka (Hay'adaha) samafal dadweynaha. dacwado la qaadan karo waxaa laga sameeyey oo keliya sida damaanad ah oo xaq rafcaanka (la mid ah maanta rahaamad zienswijze) iyo, in ay dhacdo aqoonsiga xaq rafcaanka, ku soo laabtay.
3. Lacag maqaalka.
4. Duty warqad shaabadeeysan.

Sida laga soo xigtay Body ee 1857. kharashka laga qaado kiis kasta ka dhanka kale, taas oo loo aqoonsaday qaldan. Sidaas darteed, soo horjeeda xisbiga badiyay abaal gudo dhamaan waxyeelada iyo kharashka, iyadoo aan loo eegin oo ka mid ah cunaqabataynta, kaas oo la dhigay on baahida xaq. Geedi socodka jir ah oo ku lug leh ganacsi on warqad cad. Laakiin dhamaadka dacwad ka fuliyeen soo kabashada ee waajibaadka stamp isticmaalka waraaqaha oo dhan. Ka dibna, Charter ayaa la baajiyay lacag this. Mar dambe waxaa la baajiyay ganaaxa araajida sheegashada diiday.