Kaynta ciidda Russia

territory Ruush waa arrin ballaaran. Waa gobolka ugu weyn by deegaanka. dalalkan oo Its kordhiyo ku dhawaad kow iyo toban kun oo kiiloomitir galbeed iyo bari. The cimilada iyo ciidda ee dalka waa kuwo kala duwan. Cimilada - ka cidhifka woqooyi u adag in dadka fareen. Ciid, oo iyana - ka baraf qabow lamadegaanka cidhifka woqooyi ee waqooyiga in oomane semi-cidla ah oo ku yaalla koonfurta.

zone steppe

Iyada oo ku xidhan xuduuddadhulka iyo xaaladaha cimilada ee dalka, cover ciidda waxaa la aasaasay of texture kala duwan iyo bacriminta.

territory Ruush qaybsan yahay soo socda meelaha dabiiciga ah :

• lamadegaanka Arctic;
• Dhuldhoobo;
• kaynta-Dhuldhoobo;
• taiga;
• broadleaf iyo kaymaha isku dhafan ;
• steppe;
• steppe;
• cidlada;
• subtropics.

meelaha aan fiicnayn ujeedooyin beeraha arkaa in ay yihiin gobollada kaynta steppe, steppe iyo subtropics.

zone Steppe waxa lagu gartaa iskhilaafka dalalka kaynta iyo steppe. In deegaanka this jiraan caws-podzol, dhiiqo, ashed kaynta cirro, faraha badanu waxa cusbo iyo carradu caadiga madow.

ciidda Forest iyo formation

The kaynta-steppe - meel dabiici ah oo ku yaalla inta u dhaxaysa ee kaynta iyo xuduuddadhulka zone steppe. Gobolka Steppe kala Bariga Bannaankii Yurub iyo qayb West Siberian Plain, iyo sidoo kale iyada oo dhulka ka mid ah Urals Southern. meelaha kaynta Qaar ka mid ah waxay ku yaalaan gudahood Plain Pannonian ah.

ciidda kaynta Ruush aasaasay in geeddi-socodka dheer ee wareegga ciidda-sameynta. Laga bilaabo formation of zone la xidhiidha muddada la xiro muddo glacial. In Yurubta Bari iyo deegaanka kaynta Western Siberia si fiican loo sameeyay iyo jihada ka soo bari ilaa galbeed waxa loo qaybiyaa saddex gobol: Bariga Fog, Siberia iyo bariga.

guryaha ciidda kaynta way kala duwan yihiin in ay ka kooban oo ka soo jeedo, waa, markeeda, go'aamiso dayactirka ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha beeraha iyo koobnaanta.

Forest-steppe - ilaha muhiimka ah ee Russia

Bedka guud ee aaga this ku saabsan yahay 150 million hektar, ama ku saabsan 7% ee aagga guud ee gobolka. cimilada saameyn dabeecadda Soon ee xaqiiqda ah nooca ciidda kaynta ku heysatay, waxayna ku xiran tahay roobabka, heerkulka iyo cover Dhirta. xaaladaha cimilada ee isbedelka kaynta waqooyi ilaa koonfur, lagu gartaa kala duwan ee gobolka, taas oo go'aan ka sida ciidda steppe Russia waxaa laga yaabaa in si qoto dheer kala duwan ee texture iyo haboonaanta. noocyada ciidda lagu rakibay on jid toosan humus ah. Joogitaanka lakabka humus ka yar labaatan sentimitir waxaa loo arkaa calaamad u tahay carradu saboolka ah. In ka badan afartan - ciidda waxaa loo arkaa ku haboon dhaqanka beeraha.

Meesha ugu weyn ee dalka ku haboon ku dhacaa steppe Ruushka. The carradu ee aagga la beerayo in siddeetan boqolkiiba. Sababo la bacriminta sare iyo lakabka humus isagoo aqlabiyad badan oo dalagga waxaa koray. Waayo, ciidda ugu weyn ee kaynta qayb badarka waa wanaagsan. In this zone, oo sarreen ah, galley, hadhuudh, kaleh. beerashada dalagyada warshadaha ku filan horumariyo: gabbaldayaha, dabocase, kufsi oilseed.

Formation iyo noocyada kala duwan ee carradu aaga kaynta-steppe ee dalka

ciidda Forest sameeyay shuruudaha koritaanka kaymaha iyo seeraha.

cover ciidda zone kaynta sameeyay inta lagu jiro suuska ee dhirta harta ku xoortay geedihii iyo cows geedaha. tir dabdhaliyayaasha gobollada dhowr agrocenoses dheeraad ah berrinka iyo Gaadha ka 100 ilaa 500 metrik halkii hektar, taas oo ku xidhan geedkii da'da. On kaynta ku harta ciidda kaynta sannad kasta 2 ilaa 30 metrik halkii hektar ee arrinta qalalan oo ka kooban 50 700 kiilo halkii dadka deegaanka ee ash hektar helo. tir Wealth harta nitrogen (50-85 kg / ha) iyo calcium (70-95 kg / ha) go'aamiso helitaanka shuruudo wanaagsan ee formation of carrada bacrin ah.

In qaybaha waqooyi ee aaga kaynta-steppe of cover ciidda ah waxaa lagu qeexaa dhulka kaynta inta badan cirro, leached iyo podzolized chernozems. On carradu kaynta cawl la fuliyaa beeraha degdeg ah. 55% ka mid ah dhulka wax laga beeray, laakiin dhulka madow - oo ku saabsan 40%.

By webiyada guntooda, alwaaxdii saqafka haysay, Niyadjabka, iyo hogag, la siiyaa dhulka u dhow (1.2 meter), waxaa la sameeyey humus ciidda glei iyo glei caws iyada oo berrin bannaan pratensis iyo xoortay. Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida hayfields iyo daaqa.

In meelaha bannaanka ah ee deegaanka ciidda dhexe- iyo silnosmytyh kama badna 5%, halka ugu sarreeya sare u sarraysaa sida 20% ama in ka badan.

In qaybaha koonfureed ee kaynta, dhulka beeraha waxaa intooda badan ku yaalaan ee chernozems leached oo caadiga ah. Kaymo ah oo ku saabsan 87% ka mid ah aagga dalka guud ahaan. bulk ee dalka layaal waxa uu ku yaalaa on jiirada a qabow. nabaad biyo Strong bandhigi ku dhow soddon boqolkiiba dalka layaal, ilaa 40-50% dakhliga meelaha qaarkood qaar ka mid ah.

Hoos u bacriminta ciidda - masiibo ee mustaqbalka

Hoos u xoog badan ee bacriminta ciidda madow kordhinayaan in hoos u dhac joogto ah ee nafaqooyinka. Sababta tani waa beeraha ah oo degdeg ah. hoos u dhac A fiiqan ee content ee ciidda humus kordhay cufnaanta jirka, sii daraysa oo ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka iyo sifooyinka jirka ah-daaweynta biyaha ay sabab u tahay beeruhu culus.

kaynta ciidda maanta Russia ee geedi socodka of beeraha degdeg ah oo ka badan 30% ayaa laga badiyay ay bacriminta. Nidaamkan waxaa loo arkaa in ay celin karin. Aasaasidda mid dihnayd centimitir qaadataa 125-400 sano jir duurka. Burburka uu keeno nin, waa mid weyn. Ka dibna, iyada oo aan logu xiriirka habboon in kaydka istiraatiijiga ah ee dalka dalka ee loo jeediyo deegaanka dabiiciga ah. Tani waxay keeni doontaa in ka lumay ee dhul beerashada ee 40-50 sano ee soo socota. Waxaan rajeynayaa, bulshada miyir iyo maangalka ah uma oggolaan doono in masiibo noocan oo kale ah ee si caalami ah oo daba jooga ah ee lacagta weyn.