Kaydka World alwaax. khayraadka alwaax keentay dalka

Total kaydka alwaaxda lagu qiimeeyay dhawr arrimood: waa iyo tilmaame of cover kaynta, iyo size ee aagga kaynta iyo kaydka alwaax. khayraadka Forest waa exhaustible laakiin la cusboonaysiin karo, tan iyo markii ay la isticmaali karaa ujeeddooyin kala duwan.

waxqabadka kelmadaha

cover Forest waxaa lagu qiyaasaa heerka uu xiriir meesha kaynta guud ahaan geyiga ee dalka gaar ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, in this index dalka keentay waa Finland, Sweden, Canada, Guinea, Mozambique, Russia. aagga kaynta Tirada guud ee ka badan 4 bilyan oo hektar, kaas oo 30% ka mid ah dalka. Hogaamiyaha dalka ugu sarreysa dadka of kaydka alwaax - Russia: halkan on hal qof oo keena qiyaastii 3 hektar oo kaynta, halka dalalka Yurub tiradaasi waa badan hoose - kaliya 0.3 hektar.

Taasi waxay ahayd - in ay ahayd

Meesha kaynta ee dunida sanad walba waa la dhimay by saabsan 20 million hektar, kaas oo sababa dhir-jaridda badan. Iyo in ka badan alwaax oo dhan la goostay in Latin America iyo Asia. Oo halkan in dalalka nordigga si firfircoon ka shaqeeya dib u soo celinta iyo beerista ee kaymaha, samaynta aagga kaynta aan halkan hoos. kaydka alwaax adduunka taagan kor ^m3 300 ^billion., iyo xisaab Russia for ah oo ku saabsan 25% ka mid ah kaydka ka sameeyey qori.

khayraadka Forest waa la cusboonaysiin karo, laakiin aan si dhakhso ah haddii la xoqayaa in macaamiloon, kaydka kaynta noqonayaan dad yar yar. Kale oo dalka-Hoggaamiyaha in khayraadka alwaax - Suriname, halkaas oo xisaab capita kasta oo ku saabsan 36 hektar oo kaynta. Laakiin kulaale iyo koonfurta zone qoraxda leh ee hal qof ka yar hektar ah oo kaynta.

Sida xisaabaha lagu sameeyey?

khayraadka Forest - waa kaydka kaynta dalka, iyo sidoo kale qiimaha non-alwaax. Waa kaynta mahad fursad u leeyihiin inay helaan wax a universal sida xawliga ah u warshadaha badan, marka lagu daro, kaynta - waa dayactirka ah ee nidaamka deegaanka dabiiciga ah ee dhulka. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in khayraadka kaynta waa la cusboonaysiin karo, kaydka caalami ah oo qoryo la had iyo goorba, aamusa karaan, kordhin lahaayeen wax soo saarka si ay u daboolaan baahida nin.

khayraadka Forest adduunka oo dhan waxaa si siman aan loo qaybiyey. Tusaale ahaan, dalalka Yurub caan ku cover kaynta weyn, halka Africa tiradaasi waa aad uga hooseeya. Heerka ugu hooseeya ee cover kaynta - in dal oo Afrikaan ah, oo ay tahay heerka ugu sareeya - in Latin America, Europe iyo North America. Hogaamiyaha dalka waxay meel softwood - Russia: share dalka la xisaabay in 88% ka mid ah kaymaha dhilka.

Features of qaybinta kaymaha adduunka oo dhan

kaynta Modern koraa goobaha cimilada kala duwan, sidaas ku xiran meelaha ay ku kala duwan yihiin noocyada halabuurka, istaagaan qaab-dhismeedka, wax soo saarka, qiimaha dhaqaalaha iyo deegaanka kala duwan. Inta ugu badan ee Europe ayaa waxaa kujira zone kaynta goobaha qoraxda, halkaas oo kayntana boreal kaymaha dhilka. In Bartamaha iyo Koonfurta America, East Africa iyo East xiray kaymaha kulaylaha waxaa laga heleyaa canbaha kaymaha isku qasan. meelaha Mountain waxaa lagu gartaa saarridda toosan, halka ku xiran tahay sare u beddeli doonaa kulaylka iyo qoyaan.

Haddii Russia - a dalka-Hoggaamiyaha in khayraadka alwaax, dalalka badan oo Yurub, ugu kaynta waa la gooyaa. Tusaale ahaan, in England, Ireland, Holland, inta badan geedaha da'da dhexe iyo dhallinyarada koraan geedaha in kiimikaysan beeray. kaymaha dhilka waa la ilaashaa oo kaliya in Scandinavia, halka uu jiro a cover kaynta wanaagsan, heysatay by taribuunka saafi dhilka. In xarunta of Europe geed inta badan kordhaya, gran, qoryo beroosh ah, larch, iyo kaynta ayaa si weyn hoos u dhacay ay sabab u goynta joogta ah yards iyo xoolaha.

Waxaa ka mid ah gobollada xisaab aagga kaynta ugu weyn ee Europe ee dalalka nordigga. Halkan yihiin 35.6% oo ka mid ah wax soo saar leh kaymaha iyo 28.5% of stock guud ee alwaax. Gobolka Tani waxa lagu gartaa heerka ugu sareeya ee cover kaynta.

In Asia iyo Africa?

total stock sii kordhaysa ee Asia - oo ku saabsan 1/5 ee qaaradda. Waxaa jira sii kordhaya kaymaha kulaylaha, dhilka iyo beero kaymo aagga dhawraa. territory badan degan kaymaha taiga. In bariga, gobolka wakiil ka kala duwanaanshaha noocyada of Mala'igtu, endemics ah. Waxaa jira wadooyin ku yaalla koonfurta ee gobolka halkaas oo steppe ee interspersed xoortay yar. In buuraha bandhigay taiga iyo kaymaha kaymo. On dhulka kaymaha ah ee Africa ayaa sidoo kale loo qaybiyey di'in. Meesha kaynta guud ee qaaradda loo qaybin karaa afar qaybood: woqooyi ka - fareen, in galbeed - kulaale, bari - tropics buurta iyo koonfurta - subtropics.

Woqooyi iyo Koonfur Ameerika

Kaymaha ee North America mashquulin ku saabsan a saddexaad ee qaaradda, halka waqooyiga ay sabab u tahay xaaladaha adag cimilada ee ka kooban nooc oo geed xadidan, iyo wax soo saarka yar yahay. aagga Forest waxaa inta badan wakiil dhilka iyo qaybaha kala duwan ee dhirta bjørk. Xagga koonfureed ka mid ah dhulweynaha oo kayntana noqdo ballaaran, geedaha isu soo saar badan.

Ku dhawaad nus ka mid ah dhulka ee Latin America ayaa waxaa kujira daaqsinka kaynta leh ku badan yihiin a geedaha kaymo. On the bangiyada ee Amazon waa Halabuurka hodan iyo qadiimiga floristic. Mexico oo ruux.dalka Netherlands ee ku hawlan inta badan ee kaymaha dhilka - inta badan geedaha geed.

In Australia, baahsanaanta arkay in kaymaha ee strip xeebta. Waxaa jira ku dhawaad 85% ka mid ah dhulka ay degan by geedaha eucalyptus.

Waa maxay sahayda ee hantidooda?

A stock alwaax dareere ah - waa xaddiga lacagta ee guud ahaan xoqayaa in alwaax kaydka, oo waa loo siman yahay si mugga oo dhan alwaax la goostay oo aan jilif iyo treetops ah. mugga waxaa loo dhigay siyaabo kala duwan oo ku salaysan nidaamka xisaabeed oo kala duwan. alwaax Liquid - wax a kaas oo la isticmaali karaa inta lagu jiro goosashada. Xaaladdan oo kale, stock asalka u ah qoryaha waa inta ka sareeya.

isbeddellada waaweyn ee jaridda ee Russia iyo dunida oo dhan

60 sano ka hor on qayb kaynta Russia iyo dunida guud ahaan, wax yar loo yaqaan. Saas ma aha ee Halabuurka noocyada fudud aan la bartay. Intii lagu guda jiray taliskii Soviet ee Midowga Soofiyeeti sidaas ayaa loo arkaa in ka badan 500 Million. Ha, kaas oo ay fuliyeen maamulka kaynta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, muddo ayaa waxaa gabaabsi ka sameeyey qori in meesha ugu horeysa waxay khuseysaa sawlogs oo tayo sare leh iyo Guda veneer, kuwaas oo laga helay qeybo badan oo ka jirridda. Taasi waa sababta dalalka horumaray, assortments kuwaas waxaa loo isticmaalaa in beerista ee kaymaha.

duruf kale qashinka iyo processing qoryo ka dib markii processing qoto dheer u tago warshado kala duwan - saaridda of saxarka alwaax, waraaqaha garbadyada. In 80 sano ka yari ay qoryihii u keentay in xaqiiqda ah in baaxadda ganacsiga caalamiga ah alwaax sarreeya. Oo haddii dalalka horumariyo of Europe iyo North America yihiin dhoofinta ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka dhammeeyey sameeyey qori ee duruf ah iyo warqad, dal in wajiga of Asia, Africa, Latin America, inta badan loo dhoofiyo alwaax ku wareegsan soo koraya. Isla mar ahaantaana dalalkaas waxaa ku badan dhiig-miirashada hal dhinac ah oo kaynta, sidaa darteed dhulka kaynta in noqonaya yar yar iyo.

By dhammaadkii qarnigii labaatanaad waxa ay noqotay isbedel lagu dareemi karaa dhinaca dhiig-miirashada multi-ujeedada kaymaha, gaar ahaan dalalka warshadaha iyo dadku ku badan yihiin. iyaga ka hor ahayd dhibaato abuuraya dhacdooyinka oo u oggolaan lahaa in la soo celiyo kaymaha in ay saameyn ku hagaajiyo xaaladda dhaqaale ee dalka.

Sida Russia, halkaas wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 78%, oo kayntana waxba ka kooban yihiin noocyada ganacsi - geed, gran, qoryo beroosh ah, larch, geedkii, bjørk. Iyo sidoo kale adduunka oo dhan, khayraadka kaynta ma baahsanayn. Qaybta Yurub xisaabay in% kaynta kaliya 17.06, halka Siberia iyo bariga fog yihiin 82%, oo kayntana. mugga oo dhan kaynta loo qaybin karaa saddex kooxood: marka hore uu ka kooban yahay xoqayaa in ilaaliya, kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - wax xumu, iyo kii saddexaad - alwaax reserve in aan isticmaalo qalab dihin. Total koritaanka sanadlaha ah oo qoryo ku saabsan yahay 830 million m ^3.

natiijooyinka

Wood - nooc ka mid ah la cusboonaysiin karo khayraadka, sidaas darteed waxaa suurto gal ma aha oo kaliya in la xeeriyo ay hawlgalka, laakiin sidoo kale si tartiib ah u ciyaaro. Kaymaha qiimeynta waa la tixgeliyaa ma aha oo kaliya saamiga koritaanka sanad kasta, laakiin qadarka stock ururtay. Sida kaliya si ay ula qabsadaan wadarta guud ee kaydka adduunka ee alwaax.