Imisa tirooyinka Carabta ka jira maanta. Sheekada

tiro Carabi, sidoo kale loo yaqaan the-Indo Arab waa ugu fudud, si fiican u yaqaan si calaamooyinka oo dhan - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 iyo 9. Taas waa jawaabta su'aasha ah ee sida badan oo tiro Carabi waxaa jiri doona tirada toban. Si aad u taariikhda, waxay tahay matalaad ugu badan ee calaamadaha tirada adduunka oo dhan.

muuqaalka Background

isku day ugu horeysay si loo abuuro nidaam digital lagu sameeyey Baabuloon ee BC ee Millennium 2aad. e., laakiin nidaamka tiro ma ahayn eber.

Xaaladan oo ah tiro Carabi la xidhiidha nidaamka nidaam nambaro ah Hindu-Carabi, kaas oo loo habeeyey by Faaris iyo markii hore isticmaalo wadamada Carabta. Waxaa jira caddaymo, by taas oo waxa la malaysan karo in tirooyinka marka hore u muuqday in gobollada galbeedka ee dunida Carabta.

In ay qaab casri ah, ka tiro Carabi u muuqday in North Africa, waxay ahaayeen kuwa loo isticmaalo in West kala duwan. In magaalada Beja, oo ku yaalla waqooyiga dalka Algeria, saynisyahan caan Fibonacci abuuray nidaam casri ah digital, sidoo kale uu yahay mid ka mid ah oo soo raacay ee tiro Carabi ama, halkii, u suurta geliyay in ay popularization. Shuqulkiisa ahaa cajiib ah ay qaybinta ee Europe iyo Yurub, kuwaas oo iyaga dallacsiiyey adduunka oo dhan. Fibonacci abuurtay tiro Carabi, xataa ma oga in ay markii danbe ku faafay adduunka oo dhan iyada oo ganacsiga, farshaxan iyo gumeysiga.

Sidee eber ah

Qaar ka mid ah waxaa laga yaabaa in u muuqdaan kuwo iska cad in eber ah waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka mawqifyada, laakiin taasi run ma aha, maxaa yeelay, waa xad dhow ee taariikhda aadanaha. Laakiin dhab ahaantii, calaamad xoojisay in macnaheedu yahay "waxba" Goor aan la isticmaalin ee Europe ilaa qarnigii XII ah. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in isku day hore inay soo bandhigto eber nidaam booska laga dhigay ee qadiimiga Mesobotamiya. culimmo Sumerian isticmaalaa noocyo kala duwan oo ah astaanta iyo calaamadaha, kuwaas oo in hawlaha ay u dhawi tiradaasi, afar kun oo sano ka hor. Inkastoo dukumentiyada ku qoran ugu horeysay oo ku saabsan muuqaalka kore ee sumadda this taariikhaysan Millennium III-II BC. e. Baabuloon. In sexagesimal gaar ah nidaamka digital Kaldayiin jiray saxiixa taas oo ka caawisaa in la kala saaro tobanaan, boqol boqol iyo kun kun, laakiinse isagu uma uu si gooni gooni ah loo isticmaalo. E., tiradaasi Tani ayaa weli ma heleen oo dhan Tilmaamo ay sare.

nidaamka tireedyada Hindu-Carabi baxay Hindiya 500 AD. Waxay ka kacaan, maxaa yeelay waxay ahayd eber iyo sal booska. Tani waxa ay ahayd horumar weyn marka la eego xisaabta. Sidaas jawaabta su'aasha ah "immisa waxaa ka mid ah tiro Carabi waa" ayaa isbedelay tan iyo eber ahaa shakhsi kale oo buuxa.

Mararka qaarkood in nidaam tirada booska tirooyinka distinguished iyo glyphs, calaamadaha, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo wakiil ah graphic of lambarada ama xarfaha. entry ayaa marka hore qaab eber taariikhaha glyph ka qarnigii IX ah (ee bartamaha India). Dhawr taarikada copper Indian raagayaan xaqiijiyo jiritaanka dabeecadda, oo la mid ah in shaqo eber durba VI ah. n. e.

Qabsashada ee Europe

tiro Carabi muuqday Yurub ee 976, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in Vigilanskim Code.
Laga bilaabo ka 980 ee Orilyaksky Herbert, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday Pope Sylvester II ee, ka caawiyay in dadka la tiro ee Europe. Leonardo Fibonacci, xisaabyahan caan ka Pisa, kuwaas oo lagu baranayay ee Algeria, ayaa sidoo kale ka qayb qaatay faafinta nidaam cusub oo dijitaal ah, isagoo ku qoran "Abacha Book The."

Tirokoobyada iyo lambarada

Jawaabta su'aasha ah ee sida badan oo ka mid ah tirada Carabta ka jira in dabeecadda, fudud, tan iyo markii ay jiraan 10 oo kaliya, sida soo socota: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Xiriirka of tirooyin iyo tirada waa wax iska cad, maxaa yeelay, tirooyinka waa calaamad bandhigay, iyo lambarka laftiisa - fikradda ah in ay ku tusaysaa tirada.

Sababta in tiro Carabi la qaatay in Europe, ma aha oo kaliya nolasha ah ay u isticmaalaan, laakiin sidoo kale in muuqaalka kore ee saxaafadda daabaco ugu horeeyay, taas oo ka dhigtay iyaga caansan horay qarnigii XV ah.

tiro Carabi ee Russia

sal Slavonic billaabay ka alifbeetada Slavonic, kaas oo la isticmaali by koonfurta iyo Slavs bari. Waxa loo adeegsaday ilaa qarnigii XVIII ka, markii Butros aan u bedelay tiro Carabi. By habka, Russia waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu horeeya, kuwaas oo si rasmi ah la gelin isticmaalka tiro Carabi.

Si Loo soo kobo, waa in la ogaadaa in ay jirto xaqiiqda ah in jawaabta su'aasha ah, sida badan tirooyinka Carabta, waxaa hadda waa mid aad u fudud, habka digital mawqifyada ayaa ka yimaadeen meel fog of formation. E. Sayidka, characters, t. Tirooyinka mar by saynisyahano Indian Madaxdii Gaalowday oo marka hore ay meesha ka qaateen dhaqanka Carabta, ka dibna kaliya bilaabay inuu ku faafay dunida oo dhan ilbaxnimada.

abuurka ah ee sida nidaam digital si weyn u dardar doonaa horumarinta sayniska iyo farsamada labada. Sababta ugu weyn ee faafinta degdeg ah iyo la qabsashada of tiro Carabi oo heer caalami ah ayaa noqotay socdaalka iyo soo bixitaanka of daabacaadda, taas oo ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah in iyaga barasho la degganaa oo dhan qaaradood.