Hydrochloric acid: guryaha physico-kiimikada, diyaarinta iyo isticmaalka

Xoog aashito, waxaa loo isticmaalaa in falanqaynta dawooyinka, ujeeddooyin-daweynta waxaa loo isticmaalaa lagu milo. In State Pharmacopeia yihiin miisaska gaar ah leh taas oo si loo ogaado content boqolkiiba acid of xal aqueous ah. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, kaliya waxay u baahan yihiin in ay ogaadaan in ay maamuus u gaar ah.

Isticmaalka looxyada, kartaa inaad quruxsan fudud si uu u hubiyo fiirsashada of xal acid. Caadiga ah (ma aha sax ah oo ku filan) xal acid noqon kartaa si deg deg ah loo diyaariyey iyadoo la isticmaalayo habab caadi ah. Tusaale ahaan, Aashito ayaa cuf gaar ah 1.19, i.e. ay ku jiraan 37% HC1. U qaadan in ay lagama maarmaan tahay si ay u diyaariyaan 100 ml oo ah 10% acid. In sidaa la yeelo, ka dhigi tiro u dhiganta: in kasta 100 qaybo miisaan heli HC1 ku jira 37 qaybo ka mid ah chloride hydrogen. Maxaa yeelay, waxaan u baahan nahay si ay u diyaariyaan xal 10%, waa in ka kooban toban meelood per boqol miisaanka qaybo ka mid ah xalka.

Sidaa darteed, in ay taasi dhacdo X - waa qiime kaas oo tilmaamaya doonaa inta aad ka qaadanayso qaybo by miisaanka of xal boqolkiiba 37 in, caanaaha biyo 100 qaybo miisaan, si aad u hesho xal 10%:

100-37

X-10

X = 100 * 10/37 = 27 qaybo ka mid miisaan.

Hydrogen chloride - walax sun ah arrin taas oo keeni kartaa gubasho daran iyo sidoo kale sumoobo ah u shaqeeyo oo dhan. Sida daawo ah khubad isticmaalka HC1 magnesia. Si aad uga takhalusi lahaayeen acid ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa iyo biyo saabuun leh, dhuxusha xoolaha lagu buufiyaa, caanaha, walax kaasina kala duwan.

acids sarkhaan afka waa in aan lagu soo qoray emetics, iyo sidoo kale isticmaalka daroogada gudaha ku jirto alkali Karboonka. Haddii caloosha sumowga waxaa lagu maydhay xaddi, mudda oo biyo ah ay baaritaan. natiijo wanaagsan waxaa laga heli by isagoo intaa ku daray biyaha nijaasta daahiriya in xabagta magnesium. In joogitaanka acids gubasho dibadda, dhakhtarro ku talinaynaa meel soo gaartay muddo dheer si ay biyo ugu maydhaa. Field gubi iyo goobada waxaa lagu nadiifiyaa ethanol oo saafi ah, ka dibna ku soo rogi slurry a of bicarbonate sodium, iyo on top waxaa ka mid ah - faashad khamriga.

chloride hydrogen yahay L. biyo. At 0 C ͦ mid mugga oo biyo ah u kala diray boqol Muga gaaska. In daawada, warshadaha iyo xitaa in dhaqaalaha dalka waa mid aad inta badan loo isticmaalaa Aashito. Its formula waxaa wakiil hydrogen iyo HALO - C1.

HC1 Diyaariyey in hlorovodorodistogo warshadaha kiimikada aasaasiga ah ee gaaska nuugo biyaha. Chloride, hydrogen la soo saaray by ficil sulfuric acid la chloride sodium.

khayroon daahirnimo Test

Waxaa jira shuruudo qaar ka mid ah:

- aashito ee ay ka kooban kuma jiraan cusbada culus biraha, nitric, nitrus iyo acids sulphurous, chlorine xor iyo arsenic;

- ogol yahay oo kaliya raad Fudud ee cusbada oo bir ah, nijaasta C1 free loo furi karo by falcelin: C12 + 12 + 2K1-2KS1;

- waayo go'aan ka soo baxay nijaasta ahaa oo xal sulfurous acid diyaariyey iodine in iodide potassium tilmaame - sodium noqde midabka buluuga ah ee xalka ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen sulphurous acid waa bleached 30 ilbiriqsi gudahood

- hadhay weyn ku uumi 10 garaam oo acid waa in aanay ka badan 0.01 boqolkiiba (nijaasta macdanta).

Falanqaynta taranta fuliyay by titration xal sodium hydroxide in joogitaanka tilmaame orange methyl. HC1 ogol yahay content in acid 24,8-25,2%.

Hydrochloric acid waa ay ku jiraan ay ka kooban dareeraha iyo noolaha. Tusaale ahaan, in juice gastric, ay fiirsashada waa ilaa 0.5%, waxay ka caawisaa in ay dumin brotiin. Milo HC1 (8.2%) marka ay maamusho hoosta shidaa beddelidda ee pepsinogen (proenzyme) galay pepsin, wanaajisaa ay hawshu u secretory ganaca, kor dhaqdhaqaaqa jira caloosha si mindhicirka. Waxaa muujinayaa saamayn bakteeriyada ee la xiriirta daaqsinka iyo spore ee microflora. acid waxaa la hadal maamulo waayo aysidhka la dhimay, waayo, jaqaan ee daaweynta ee dhiig yaraanta birta.