"Humpbacked Zaporozhets" ZAZ-965: astaamaha farsamo, daafigaw

"Brokeback" ZAZ - category gaariga rakaabka Soviet "A". sano wax soo saarka - 1960-1969. in ka badan 322 kun oo nuqul ayaa la soo saaray inta lagu jiro waqtigan. mugga jir waa mid ka mid boqol oo litir, drive - xaggiisa dambe. Sida unit xoogga loo isticmaalo engine baatrool afar-xawaaraha gudbinta buugan. isticmaalka shidaalka by dhulka - 7 litir 100 km. Xaddididda baabuurta marinka xawaaraha - 90 km / h. In dadka, waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "cayayaanka", "zhuzhik", "maroodiga". Tixgeli muuqaalada, sifooyinka iyo fursadaha daafigaw ay.

History of abuurka

Khubaro ee Maraykanka for "Brokeback" ZAZ waxaa loogu tala galay 746-cc engine V-mataano afar dhululubada. engine wuxuu lahaa design gaar ah oo leh nooc fallaadhihii kabka. Xuduudaha ka warshad cusub wakhtigaas u eegay ilaa xad hufan. Wuxuu ka dambeeya Jaha, socday on warshad Zaporozhye ah, ka dibna soo shaqeeyay baxay Melitopol ku MeMZ.

Dhowr bilood ka ahaayeen adag qaybta baarista gudaha. Waxay yihiin laba auto khibrad naezdili 5 iyo 14 kun oo kiiloomitir. Markaas gaadiidka dhaweynta guddiga wasaaradaha gaar ah. Waxaa baaqaday in miisaanka hadda waa ka weyn yahay 54 kiilo oo height jidhka ma u dhigma sawiro (ka duwan yahay by 300 milimitir) ayaa la qeexay. Ka dib markii tirtiridda cilladaha "humpbacked" ZAZ galay wax soo saarka (1960). Qiimaha gaariga lacag dhan 18 kun oo rubles, taas oo ah mid ka mid ah jeer iyo badh ka raqiisan yahay ee 407-th "Moskvich". Dhamaadkii 1962, injineerada hagaagtay engine ah by sii kordhaya dhululubada ah ilaa 72 mm, mugga - ilaa 887 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran. cm, awoodda - ilaa 27 hooras.

design

Laga soo bilaabo sano ee hore ee la sii daayo tixgeliyo iibsada baabuur jacayl dhaceen oo ma keeni cabashooyinka darran. "Humpbacked Zaporozhets" (ZAZ-965) ayaa la xaqiijiyay markii u safraya waddooyinka miyiga iyo dhibaato. permeability Good bixiya joogitaanka hoose a siman, ganaax bannaan oo ku saabsan oo dhan giraangiraha, iyo load a hufan siday xubno ka. Xitaa haddii aad waligaa heli ku xayiran qoyan ama baraf, dhibaatooyinka si looga baxo, waxa aan ahaa. miisaanka Machine kaliya 665 kg, waxay si fudud u riixay kara laba nin.

feature The garan "zhuzhika" fursad u helay in la raaco inta u dhaxaysa ruts xunxunna ka tagay by baabuur ah. baabuurta rakaabka kale oo aan xoog hoos. Mulkiilayaasha "humpbacked" ZAZ farxisay dhaqaajinta ma aha oo kaliya wanaagsan, laakiin sidoo kale jirka waara, dhaqaalaha iyo hufnaan dayactirka unit xoogga.

bannaanka

Abuuritaanka design ee gaariga, samaynta ma muhiimad gaar ah si ay canaasiirta madaxtooyada iyo shaqeynayaan dheeraad ballaaran. Tani ma aha la yaab leh, tan iyo Ujeeddada ugu weyn waxay ahayd in la abuuro model miisaaniyadda ee dadweynaha guud ah. jirka dhalista gudaha laga sameeyey bir adag, taas oo xoogaa barara. qayb Front qoondeeyay labo ka mid ah xeryo qaab symmetric asalka ah.

gudubka Curved ah ah walxahaasi uu leeyahay gacan yar iyo geesaha wheel yar ahaayeen. On u saftay waxaa ka joogay saddex bool, iyo giraangiraha gadaal ayaa burburkii ku calaamadeysan. unit awood waxaa ka danbeeya kooxda kaalinta, siday u kala horreeyaan, jirridda hore ayey u socotay. Its dabool la xiray gudaha.

gudaha

ZAZ "hunchback", sawir ka mid ah kaas oo la kor ku soo bandhigay, qalabaysan qiime hagaajin karo kuraas gaar ah. Kursiga dambe ee sariirtay ahaa quruxsan raaxo leh. Waxaa ka mid ah accessories waxtar leh in la xuso karo visors qorraxda, goobo albaabka, qalabka korontada 12 volts la nidaamka hal silig a.

baabuur saloon la siiyey faa'iido ah ee minimalism. Behind column isteerinka in meel qalabka gacanta badan, dhinaca midig - suuroggalaan ah, badhamada sixitaanka, raadiyaha iyo kululeeyaha. damaanad muraayada aragga aqbali on xubnaha dhinaca ka qeyb galay hawo qaab geesood. In kastoo loo arko baabuur oo waxay lahaayeen albaabada laba kaliya, waxaa leh fasal afar kursi ka buuxa.

Caga on kursiga dambe by weeraryahanka laabi kursiga hore ee rakaabka ka dhigay. khasaaraha ka mid ah qaylada sare, ningax dhawaaqa saboolka ah ee qol rakaabka, beer ku qodaya albaabada dhinaca ka soo horjeeda oo u geliya taangiga shidaalka ee hore, kaas oo khatar ku dhaceen.

ZAZ "humpbacked": farsamada khaaska

Qaybta ugu muhiimsan jirka noqday crankcase ah. In derbigii hoose, qol gaar ah oo taageero dhalista adag. On darbiyada sanduuqa battariga ee uu leeyahay a sii kordhaya for camshaft ah, ka ugu sareeya - 4 godad sii kordhaya iyadoo madaxdii dhululubo aluminium iyo baalal qaboojinta. Afar deminaya tuubbooyinka, outlet - laba.

Gudbinta afar safafka leedahay laba fallaadhihii iyo saddex guuro. Mid ka mid ah marsho - dib, qaar kalena waxay leeyihiin synchronizers. shirkii xajin by fargeetooyin, iyo Ulahoodii dhaqaaqay. Nidaamka qaboojinta leeyahay u janjeera in ay ku kululaan, gaar ahaan inta lagu guda jiro safar dheer.

ganaax hore ka gaariga "Volkswagen Beetle" amaahatay. Waxaa ka mid ah labo ka mid ah baararka torsion transverse afar kabaal. Waxay intaa ku xiran ururshay wadista giraangirihii. AFT - laba gacanta dadab la faasaska. injineerada dibna dib uqaabaynta si loo joojiyo lever uugu taaba on dhidibka.

Beegyada uu ugu waaweyn

Kuwa soo socda waa astaamaha ugu muhiimsan in uu leeyahay ZAZ "hunchback", sawir ka mid ah kaas oo la soo bandhigay in maqaalka:

• Oo dhererkeeda / width / height - 3.3 / 1.39 / 1.45 m.
• Nooca Body - sedan oo dhan-biraha laba albaab.
• Hawo - nooca maxaliga ah.
• Miisaanka - 665 kg.
• Track giraangiraha (hore / gadaal) - 1,15 / 1,16 m.
• Ansixin - 17.5 cm.
• ugu yaraan The jeestay gacan - 5 m.
• Reserve xawaaraha - 100 km / h.
• Powertrain - engine petrol la qaboojinta Hawada iyo valving sare.
• Riixo - 6.5.
• Lidka - unit-hal disk qalalan.
• Nooca Carburetor - toosan la il masruufaan.
• Jejebiyey - pads.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

1. shirkii Engine ZAZ "Brokeback" waxaa fuliyey isku mar labo saarayaasha.
2. In Odessa, gaadhiga ku jiray oo inta badan loo yaqaan "taangiga Yuhuudda."
3. Waxaa ka mid naanays baabuurka ayaa ka mid ahaa: "ilmaha", "zazik", "calool".
4. "Humpback" ahaa gaari Soviet ee la soo dhaafay, albaabbadii oo la furay ka dhanka ah mooshinka.
5. deminaya tuubbooyinka hawada deggan loo yaqaan "Wasserman birtiina waa" lagu sharfayo hindisa ah.

beddelka

Waxaa jira horumar dhowr tixgeliyo mashiinka. Ka mid ah iyaga,

• 965AB - kontoroolka buugan.
• 965AR - gaari Ujeedada gaarka ah ee dadka naafada ah ee ka mid dhaawac gacanta ama lugta.
• 965S - van boostada la wheel saxda ah.
• 965E "Yalta" - model dhoofinta, la heli karo ee Finland iyo Belgium. Waxay lahaa qalabka ugu fiican, ningax iyo goo gudaha.
• "Dooro-up" - la soo saaray si loogu isticmaalo gudaha at geedka.

ZAZ "humpbacked": daafigaw

Si ay u fuliyaan casriyeynta ee gaariga ay khusayso si sax ah aad u baahan tahay si ay u abuuraan Dakatu warqad ama 3D-format. Tani waxay u ogolaaneysaa in aad si aad u aragto sawirka guud ee daafigaw la filayo. Mashruucu wuxuu ka dhigi doonaa suurto gal ah si loo ogaado adag shuqulladiisa oo tallaabo dheeraad ah. Sida caadiga ah, waxaa waajib ah in la beddelo Kit, durbaanka la fadhiistaan cajaladood oo hawo, iyo sidoo kale ilo ganaax gadaal iska bedeleysid shaqaalaha ka mid ah oo adag. ganaax Front lagu rakibayaa karaa on the-ZAZ 968. "Humpback" ka dibna uu noqonayaa adag oo adag.

Yaraynta isticmaalka shidaalka awood u siin doona dhengedihii cusub, caajiso tubada iyo qiiqa kala cayncayn ah, goob bamka in "sideed" iyo carburetor obnulitelya ah. Awooda unit awood u kordhin doonaa. Inta badan door biday in ay giringirihii disc rakibo, bixinta xasilooni ka wanaagsan cornering, istareexsan hawlgalka.

xoojinta engine

Hagaajinta waxqabadka awood motor ah - hawlgalka arrin cudur daar. Ka dib oo dhan, dhirta hooyo uu leeyahay awood saddex xabbo oo kaliya "fardo" degdeg ah ugu badnaan 100 km / h. Marka la eego xaqiiqada ah in engine waa dambe, waxaad u baahan tahay si aad u hesho a gear ku haboon, loogu talagalay unugyada awood danbe.

Guntin taam gudbinta la dambe "Zaporozhets," ayuu sidoo kale gaadhi "Volkswagen", "Porsche" iyo "Tatra". Haddii aad dhigay engine ku MeMZ-968, waxaad heli faa'iido xoog ilaa 45 hooras ah. True, baahida loo qabo in lagu badalo analoogga hooyo xaafuun carburetor nooca "Vaz". Waxaa suurto gal ah in ay si toos ah u xaliyo ee jirridda. ridayo sidoo kale waa la jecel yahay in la beddelo nidaam kululaynta wanaagsanaaday.

jirka

Sakhiray in restyling oo jirka ka mid ah gaariga ZAZ "hunchback". Daafigaw, photos of taas oo kor lagu soo bandhigay, waxaa kuu ogolaanaya inaad si loo hagaajiyo aerodynamics iyo muuqaalka. Tan iyo markii ay tixgeliyaa Albaabka fur dhinaca ka soo horjeeda, taas oo khatar ah haddii ay dhacdo of xaaladaha wadista lama filaan ah, waxaa wanaagsan in miisaan wayn, kuwaas oo xubno ka ah lakabyo gadaal in loop hore. qufulka dhacsan iyo bedelay mid ka mid ah casriga ah.

casriyeynta Dibadda ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah kordhinta ee dedan oo wheel for 195/60 / R14 caag-sida ee. Si loo kordhiyo asalnimada ee gaariga iyo nadiifiso qaadashada hawada soo socda Jaha on top. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa dhigaya kenguryatnik, qaswadayaasha, labada cirif kooxda caag aerodynamic. In design ka mid ah gaariga sida eegi doonaa weyn iyo kuwo aad u horyalka Talyaaniga.

salon

Tani element gaariga Soviet huriye dheer ka hor. Waxa uu marka hore is khilaafeen raaxada sare oo rakaab ah iyo darawalkii. Hagaagtay gudaha ZAZ-965 ma aha sidaas u adag tahay. Ku rakib kursiga cusub, nooca isboortiga isteerinka, tilmaamayaasha cadaadis saliid iyo xuduudaheedu kale ka shaqeeya, oo ay ku jiraan shidma heerkulka iyo heerka shidaalka.

On saqafka laga beddeli karaa ka dhameysato dabiiciga ah maqaarka madow ah ama casaan, iyo rooga seexdeen midabo la mid ah dabaqa. Sidoo kale waa inaad bedeli baydalka maqaarka albaabka. Haddii aadan rabin in ay ku tuuraan kursi joogto ah, waa in uu soo saaro ay goo oo tayo sare leh. Haddii aad rumaysan weydeen in awoodaha adiga kuu gaar ah, ku kalsoon tahay xirfadlayaasha salon Cidhiidh.

korontada

Electronics in mishiinka hoos tixgelin ayaa danab a of 12 V waxaa la quudiyey marayo nidaamka silig hal. Sida xubno nalalka waa laambad ku haboon by IL-12. Bilowga hagaajinta loo baahan yahay in meesha laga saaro optics hooyo. Waayo, kan kursiga dhaqaajin karo waa lagaa saarayaa, silig goostay arkay off carrabka on top "oo ah idiinna ah." Markaas ka "Moskvich" qaaday diirada ku wareegsan, waxaa isku dayeen in ay goobta rakibo. Qorsheeyay lix godad, labo ka mid ah kuwaas oo ka samaysan yihiin dhexroor weyn, waayo, chip ay gacanta ku.

element Location waa toosan, sidaa darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in qaawi off carrabka. Bariyeelay element indhaha iyo hagaajinta chips ah. Fiilooyin waxaa lagu soo bandhigaa in booska waqti-buuxa ah. Ma sugaa handarraabbadeedii ifinaya, hay'adaha gudaha iyo dibadda nuts. Ka dib markii in, optics dhajinta iyo riixay ee nuts gacanta. qaybo ka ridday ee handarraabbadeedii waa la jaray. Oo soohdinta dibadda qar taam model 968-th. Marka si fiican loo sameeyey, khalkhalgelinta awoodaan si loo soo dajiyo laambadihii halogeen hagaajin noqon doonaa.

wixii intaa

Si kor loogu qaado tayada unit qaboojinta lagu rakibayaa karaa on labo ka mid ah hawakuleelayaashii "Ford" ama "Tavrii". New ZAZ "humpbacked" noqon doonaa xataa ka badan soo jiidasho leh oo dheeraad ah oo la taaban karo, hadii la isugu gudbiyo, tusaale ahaan, Vaz-2108 iyadoo wadata shan guutooyin. isbedel External inta badan la xiriira asaasiga ah by eedeega engine cusub, tan iyo meelaheeda dedan oo wheel ah fidin, iyo dariiq dhexaad ah gaari gadaal dulqaadan.