Helicopters Kamov: dhamaan noocyada. Photos iyo sooc

The helicopters horeysay Kamov (Ka) fayday ee 1953 fog. April 14 multi-Ujeedada helicopter Ka-15 ayaa horyaal u ah ee wax soo saarka mass, abuuray in tijaabooyin Design Bureau (OKB) magaca Nikolay Ilyich Kamov. Bureau of naqshadeeye caan ku celcelis tijaabiyey ay qiimihiisu ku dhaqanka iyo qorsheyaasha la doortay farsamaynta. Mid ka mid ah sifooyinka soocayaa in ay leeyihiin helicopters xafiiska design Kamov, - boolal coaxial. Habkaani ogol yahay isticmaalka makiinadaha beeraha oo kala duwan iyo goobaha (military, daawo, samatabbixinta, iyo qaybaha kale oo muhiim ah).

Tan iyo markii ay horyaalka ugu horeeyay waxa uu ahaa in ka badan 60 sano, iyo "Kamov" shirkadaha diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca ayaa weli ku raaxaysan caan ballaaran. The hubka Ruush duulista military waa hub khatar ah oo wax ku ool ah oo awood u leh fulinta ee hawlgallada dagaalka ugu adag.

Ka-15

markii ugu horeysay ayaa helicopters Kamov Waxaa la soo saaray si gaar ah loogu Navy ah. Muddo dheer Bannaanka coaxial helical ahaa astaanta ee xafiiska design ka. Waxaa suurto gal ah si aad u hesho at saarka ee helicopters si fiican loo maareeyey iyo vysokomanovrennye, faa'iidooyin oo dhan si fiican isu muujiyey at a mashiinada size yar.

Mid ka mid ah khadadka ugu horeysay oo ugu guulaha badan Edo technology "Kamov" - Ka-15 ah. taas NATO siiyey mishiinka aflagaadeeyay oo cadaymo ah ee "digaag." Waa this markab helicopter laba-meel ahaa model ugu horeysay ee conveyor iyo sii daayay 354 koobiyada.

kala duwan oo loo sameeyay tan iyo bartamihii 50-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay. Qaabka Project iyo design muuqaalada ay ansixiyeen Morflot horraantii 1952. Kamov (helicopters Designer) ogaa in mishiinka loo isticmaali doonaa qalab markabka, sidaa sameeyey model uu yahay mid aad is haysta iyo xad iftiinka. Dhinacyada oo dhererkeedu Ka-15 waa ku dhowaad laba jeer ka hooseeya xataa beddelid ugu yar ee Mi-1. Waxaa intaa dheer, samaynta u suurtagashay in ay ku habboon yihiin in mishiinka yar noocan oo kale ah in ay u soo duuli dhan qalabka lagama maarmaanka ah.

tijaabooyin Milatariga ee labada tusaale (-hal rotor Mi-1 wareeg iyo coaxial Ka-15) on markab ah "Mikhail Kutuzov" muujiyeen natiijooyin aad u cajiib ah, waayo, technology Kamov. Haddii Mi-1 ayaa waxaa sicad xadiday in diyaarad la sharraxaa markabka ayaa sababta oo ah rotor dabada iyo kaca ee dabada dheer, ka-Ka 15 duulay si fiican oo wuxuu ku fadhiistay meel yar oo ay sabab u tahay size yar yar, iyo xaaladaha badda lix dhibcood.

Sida laga soo xigtay natiijooyinka baaritaanka, badmaax Soviet ahaayeen ugu dambeyn ku qanacsanahay in farsamo ee nooca markabka hawada ma aan samayn karo aan coaxial, oo lahaa jid uma sugnaanin of helicopters Kamov (oo dhan lagu daydo).

xidhiidhada gaardi Navy dhameystirtay la mashiinada OKB Kamov tan iyo 1957. Inkastoo waxqabadka wanaagsan, model duulimaadka mid aan shaqaynayn sida qalabka anti-gujis ah, iyo waqti u kacsan, waxa uu ahaa mudnaanta. Mid ka mid ah mashiinka kor laga yaabaa kaliya labo buoy SOONAARKA (raad quusta cadowga), qalabka gacanta la raran galay helicopter kale, iyo kii saddexaad ahaayeen eedeeyay qoto dheer. nidaamka waa mid aad u xanibayo, sidaas Morflot 1963 ayaa diiday inuu Ka-15 ay guushu ku ah horumar cusub ee xafiiska la mid ah design.

caddaymaha model

waxqabadka Diyaaradaha xuduudaheedu Ka-15:

• Saqafka - 3500 m.
• Range - 278 km.
• xawaaraha la duuliyo ugu badnaan - 155 km / h.
• Reserve lagu jiro miisaanka duushay - 1460 kg.
• markabka The - 1 qof.
• Xamuulka - 300 kg ama 2 qof.
• Dhexroor ee rotor ugu weyn - 9,96 m.
• dhererka jir - 6,26 m.

Ka-25

Diyaarado Kamov 25 Taxanaha - waa anti-markab nooca mashiinka. Qaabkan waxa uu noqday fure u ah formation of xafiiska qaranka iyo duulista badda oo dhan. The Ka-25 loo soo sameeyay sida qalab lagu la quusta nuclear cadowga iman kara dagaal.

The lagu daydo ugu horeeyay ee noocan ah waxaa lagu rakibay radar leh aragti ku wareegsanaa oo dhan, waayo, hawlaha military bezorientirnoy korkiisana biyaha. Sababtoo ah halka ay dhaqso badan yahay waana helicopter design caqli Kamov 25-taxane u adeegi jireen in our raxan muddo ku dhow 30 sano.

Duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee Ka dhacay 25 on May 20, 1961, iyo afar sano ka dib gaariga ku riday on conveyor ee Ulan-Ude. Ilaa 1969 model ahaa helicopter ah multi-ujeedada kaliya ee aan lahayn analogues in industry ee duulimaadyada gudaha. Laakiin ka dib markii samaynta Soviet ayaa soo bandhigay Dhuxul dagaal cusub helicopter Mi-24 helicopters Kamov (sawirka eeg. In article ah) bilaabay inuu u duulo ee shirkadda oo ah mashiinnada Mile.

Helicopter Ka-25 ahayd caawimo aad u wanaagsan military in ay baxriyiintii ayaa waxay gebi ahaan iyaga ku habboon. taxanaha ahaa hubeysan our Morflot ilaa 1991, iyo beddelid si dhigidda bartilmaameed (Ka-25TS) ah - ilaa ay 90s bartamihii. Total tirin karaa 18 taxane ah oo kala duwan, waayo, ujeeddooyinka iyo meelo kala duwan. hawlgalka oo dhan ee mashiinada (1965-1973 GG.) la soo ururiyey oo ku saabsan 460 unug oo ka mid ah technology Ka-25.

Features mashiinka

waxqabadka Diyaaradaha xuduudaheedu Ka-25 helicopter:

• Saqafka - 4000 m.
• Range - 650 km.
• xawaaraha ugu sareeya duuliyo - 220 km / h.
• Reserve lagu jiro miisaanka duushay - 7500 kg.
• Crew - 2 dadka.
• Xamuulka - 1100 kg.
• rakaab The - 12 qof.
• Dhexroor ee rotor ugu weyn - 15,74 m.
• dhererka jir - 9,75 m.
• Machine height - 5,37 m.

Ka-50

By hore 80-mada ee USSR ugu weyn ee dagaalka helicopter military shaqo ahaa model naqshadeeye ku mil - Mi-24. "Nin Old" weli in adeegga ciidamada our, laakiin xataa wakhtigaas hoggaanka ciidamada go'aansaday in mashiinka taasi ma la kulmaan oo dhan baahida ciidanka.

Mi-24 abuuray by "duulaya gaadiidka dagaalka lugta" fikradda. Taasi waa, mishiinka ahaa awoodaan in ay qaadaan tallaabooyinka ma aha oo kaliya weerar, laakiin sidoo kale haddii loo baahdo guuraan paratroopers waaxda. dabacsanaan Tani, dabcan, ay saameeyeen tayada dagaal of technology Mile. Waxaa intaa dheer, sirdoonka Soviet sii kordheysa kulantay on imtixaanka horumarka iyo field of model cusub ee Air Force Maraykanka ah - weerarka helicopter AH-64 "Apache".

Design Bureau si taxadar leh miisaantaan macluumaadka la helay iyo ku jawaabay in ay si lama filaan ah oo la mid ah Americans horumarinta Ka-50 "Black Shark". Kamov diyaarado Taxanaha 50 ayaa soo saartay bishii June 1982-kii oo noqday masterpiece ah duulimaadyada military Ruush, balse ma is dhab ah u bilaabaan nolosha.

Features helicopter

model ayaa noqotay unit a shock buuxa in asiibi burburinta gawaarida gaashaaman, dhismayaasha injineernimada iyo tirtiridda ciidamada cadowga goobta dagaalka. Mashiinka Single horeba nidaamka coaxial caan ahaa qalabaysan hayayaashii koofiyad iyo CATAPULT a on gantaal iyo mabda'a baarashuud ah. Nidaamka noocan oo kale ah oo u ogolaanaya pilot inuu ka tago helicopter ah xawaare ilaa 400 km / h at sare ah wax ka badan 4000 oo mitir oo aan xayiraado ugu yar.

Innovation halka qalabka kooban, taas oo lagu tiriyaa ku saabsan saddexaad a ah oo miisaankiisu design ah mashiinka oo dhan, si weyn u yareeyo miisaanka guud marka loo eego jiilka hore ee helicopters. Waxa kale oo suuragal ah in la kordhiyo nolosha adeeg ee unugyada qofka, iyo qalabka isku halaynta iyo survivability ah.

Diyaarado Ruush Kamov ' "loo yaqaan" Black Shark "sameeyey taxane ah oo yar waslad. nuqulo Recent ayaa u gudbiyey in Ciidamada qalabka sida ee 2009. All in si wanaagsan loo-ka akhriyi kartaa 15 baabuur Ka-50, oo ay ku jiraan qalabka baaritaanka. By waaweyn iyo, model this waxa uu noqday aragnimo qiimo xafiiska design Kamov, jidaynayey duurka jooga in ay ka shaqeeyaan teknoolajiyada cusub iyo qalab cusub ee ciidanka.

Features helicopter

waxqabadka Diyaaradaha xuduudaheedu Ka-50:

• Saqafka - 5500 m.
• Range - 1160 km.
• xawaaraha la duuliyo ugu badnaan - 390 km / h.
• Reserve lagu jiro miisaanka duushay - 10,800 kg.
• markabka The - 1 qof.
• Xamuulka - 2000 kg.
• Dhexroor ee rotor ugu weyn - 14.5 m.
• dhererka jir - 13.5 m.

Ca-52

Experience helay iyada oo loo marayo horumarinta Ka-50 ayaa si buuxda loo fuliyay in saameyn mashiinka multifunction cusub nooca Ca-52 "Gator". Masiirka qarnigan ugu dambeeyay ee helicopters Kamov la odhan karaa waa guul.

Siidi ka xogta, taas oo soo bandhigay Air Force Ruush waa 72 Ka-52 unug adeegga ciidanka our. Waxaa intaa dheer, ciidamada gabagabeeyay heshiis waqti dheer ah la bureau design Kamov ku lug leh technology qalabyada ilaa 2020 (150 weerar helicopter nooca multi-Ujeeddada "taxadirayo").

muuqaalada kala

Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee u dhexeeya cusub Ka-52 ka "Black Shark" - waa ah ee co-pilot, iyo fursad buuxda u duuli wakhti kasta, in cimilo kasta. Waxaa xusid mudan in jiilka hore oo ka mid ah-Ka 50 ma qaban kari waayeen hawlaha habeenkii.

Bedelida "taxadirayo" by saabsan 85% ayaa isbahaysi la mishiinka Ka-50. Newcomer Ka-52 helay powerplant, iyo badhidii, iyo qayb ka mid dhexe ee sooctey, garabka iyo side empennage nidaamka jiifku ka. qaybta hore ee helicopter ah in yar kordhay, in ay heleen kursiga copilot ee. Sida tijaabo ah, nidaamka badbaadinta waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo dhan gantaal iyo baarashuud CATAPULT la mid ah sida in "Black Shark". Ayaa helay instrumentation ah hagaajinta waaweyn ee shidhka. Hadda waxaa jira qaab LCD casriga ah halkii tilmaamo dhaqanka farsamada korontada.

Iyada oo agaa of mishiinka pilot labaad waxa uu noqday more lagu kalsoonaan karo, sida load ku on markabka la wadaago in laba. Waxaa intaa dheer, samaynta ee loo arkaa wax maangal ah si aad u sameysato duuliye ma yihiin tusmo ahaan (qaarka kale), sida ku dhaqma ee helicopters kale weerar, iyo garabka keliya. Sababo la xiriira nidaamka this, markabka oo aad u kordhay isuduwidda shaqada iyo looma baahna si loo soo dajiyo dashboard dheeraad ah, iyo hoos u this ee miisaanka dhismaha oo dhan iyo in la yareeyo faragelinta ku saabsan qalabka nuqul.

duulimaadka "taxadirayo" Marka hore waxaa lagu qabtay dhamaadka June 1997. On baabuur conveyor u yimid oo kaliya dhamaadka 2008 ay sabab u tahay awoodda wax soo saarka warshadda "Progress" ah, oo ku yaalla magaalada yar ee Arsenyev. imtixaanada State on safafka military lagu soo gabagabeeyey by 2011, iyo waqti isku mid ah, ku-Ka 52 galay diyaarad adeegga unugyada dagaalka Ruush.

mashiinka ujeeddo

"Taxadirayo" waxaa loogu talagalay hawlgallada dagaalka ee dhammaan xaaladaha cimilada iyo awoodo inuu baabi'iyo qalabka gaashaaman cadowga, oo ay la socdaan awood nool cadowga, iyo sidoo kale in ay waajahaan helicopters cadowga si qoto dheer taatikada.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, Ca-52 si kalsooni leh laftiisa tusay in hawlaha sirdoonka. Waxa uu oofin karin bar-hardware iyo qaybinta bartilmaameed si ay iskaashi la isaga farsamo (diyaaradaha dagaalka iyo ciidamada dhulka). Mashiinka waa inay awoodaan inay bixiyaan dab degtey cover, kormeeraan aagga iyo raaci columns mid ka mid ah labada ujeedo rayidka iyo ciidankaba. Maanta waa kibirka Aviation ee Ruush iyo qalab ciidan oo isu kan kara inuu oofiyo tiro badan ergooyinka dagaal, iyada oo meel fog ka mudan ka guriga.

Tilmaamayaasha Muhiimka ah ee model ah

waxqabadka Diyaaradaha xuduudaheedu Ka-52:

• Saqafka - 5500 m.
• Range - 1160 km.
• xawaaraha la duuliyo ugu badnaan - 300 km / h.
• Reserve lagu jiro miisaanka duushay - 10,400 kg.
• Crew - 2 dadka.
• Xamuulka - 2000 kg.
• Dhexroor ee rotor ugu weyn - 14.5 m.
• dhererka jir - 14.2 m.