Heerarka ammaanka shucaaca rakibay. heerka shucaaca la ogolaan karo

In Zaman ee hubka nukliyeerka iyo tamarta nukliyeerka ma fududa in ay ka fogaadaan waxa dhacaya iska, iyo sababta heerarka ammaanka shucaaca helay degdeg ah oo gaar ah. Aqoontooda caawin kartaa si ay u qiimeeyaan xaaladda, taas oo soo bixi kara haddii ay dhacdo musiibo nuclear. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Dagaalkii Qaboobaa waa muddo dheer ka badan, khatarta ah ee hubka burburka culus geysta ma aysan joogsan svoogo jiritaanka iyo la eb nabad ah ayaa inta badan keentay in cawaaqib daran. The tusaale ugu naxdinta waa shil Chernobyl ee, marka heerka shucaaca la ogolaan karo erayada aadka u daraasiin jeer, haddii aan aan xisaabta lagu darsadaa. liquidators iyo dhibbanayaasha waxaa ka mid ah qaar badanna way garteen ficil ahaan waxba.

In Federation Ruushka, Ukraine iyo dalal kale oo badan aasaasay heerka ammaanka shucaaca caadiga ah. Waxay waxaa ku xusan shuruucda iyo xeerarka hay'adda. First of dhan, heerarka ammaanka shucaaca la xidhiidhaan shaqaalaha ee Quwadda Nuclearka, military radiation-haqab iyo waxyaabaha kale.

Going ka aqoonta guud ee code this, waxaad u baahan tahay in si degdeg ah sifaha iyo iyaga sheeg. tusaha intooda badan oo daawaynaya heerarka ammaanka shucaaca sida dose xuduudda gaadhista aadanaha shucaaca, kuwaas oo loo arko inay xad aan khatar u tahay caafimaadka. In dareenka sayniska, ay yihiin la-talinta ee dabiiciga ah. Badanaa, xeerarka sida ku hagaagaan si xushmad leh dose shucaaca integrable ka yimid dhammaan ilaha shucaaca, taas oo saameyn ku qofka sannadka oo dhan.

qaadasho Shucaaca waxaa lagu cabbiraa grays iyo rads. Tani waa unugyo si caddaalad ah guud, ka fiirsaneysa in saamaynta qaadashada isku mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee shucaaca ay tilmaamaysaa dhaawac noolaha kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, qiyaas 1 RAD shucaaca Alfa sababaa sii weyn tahay 20 jeer dhaawac noolaha badan gamma 1 RAD ama shucaaca beta. heerarka ammaanka shucaaca la saamaynta noolaha la mid ah ee kala duwan waxaa loo xisaabiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo factor tayada nooca shucaaca (oggolyahay qaraabada noolaha) - qiimaha taas oo qiyaastii goostay.

A qiimeyn dheeraad ah Ujeedada of saamaynta fallaadhaha inay u shaqeeyo gaar ah ku nool waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyada oo la tixgelinayo u dhigma waxa loogu yeero (wax ku ool ah) qiyaasta galay. Waxaa la go'aamiyey by tarmo qiyaasta nuugo (ee RAD) ee Wehliyaha tayada shucaaca (CC), ay unit off-habka loo arkaa waa noolaha. equiv. farxeen (meedka). On habka SR waxaa lagu qeexay by dose sievert u dhiganta (Sv). 1 Sv = 1 J / kg = 1 Gy 1 Sv = 100 meedka. heerka la aqbali karo ee shucaaca si waafaqsan heerarka go'an qofka ma aha in ka badan 0.1 meedka (marka laga reebo ilaha dabiiciga ah ee shucaaca). Professionals la ilaha shucaaca macmal ah shaqada (shaqaalaha Quwadda Nuclearka, tusaale ahaan) waa in aan ka heli cindiga ee sanadka ka badan 5 Casuur.

Sidaas darteed, waa inaad awoodaa si ay u xisaabiso iyo isbarbar dhig heerarka shucaaca. Waxaa kaloo jira wax badan oo ka mid ah hab shakhsi ah cabirka shucaaca, la heli karo in sale free. Haddii ay jirto halis ah in xaaladaha degdegga ah ee ku lug leh khatarta shucaaca, waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto baahida loo qabo qalabka ilaalada shakhsiga ah iyo sorbents.