Dzheyms Dzhons: Biography, qoreysa hal abuur leh, xaqiiqada oo xiiso leh

In suugaanta ee muddada Soviet, ma jiraan wax yaraanta in shuqullada u huray in dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Oo waa arrin dabiici ah, tan iyo markii badan oo iyaga ka mid ah qorayaasha isu soo mareen jahli iyo wadaagin laga yaabaa dareenkooda la soo maray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tixaha, sheekooyin gaagaaban oo tixaha, oo u sheeg oo ka mid ah waxyaalo waaweyn ee dadka la diriray fashiistaha iyo militarism Japanese, abuureen dhinaca kale oo ah "daah bir ah" ayuu. Sababtoo ah sababo dhinaca fikirka, ay ku dhowaad marnaba la daabacay ee dalkeenna oo sidaa darteed aan la garanayn in tiro balaadhan oo ah akhristayaasha Ruush. Ka mid ah qorayaasha American, shuqullada aan la kulmo waa in, run Dzhons Dzheyms Ramon.

sanadaha hore

Qoraaga mustaqbalka waxa uu ku dhashay on November 6, 1921 magaalada yar ee qoyska Illinois Robinson RAMONA iyo Ady Dzhons (Blessing nee). Boy carruurnimada beegantay muddada Depression Great ah, ugu adag ee taariikhda ee USA, oo aan si gaar ah ugu faraxsanahay.

Waa dhib in nin dhalinyaro ah oo ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare, dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ka qarxay. In 1939, nin dhallinyaro ah qoreen ciidanka oo soo diray si ay ugu adeegaan ee lugta Division 25th, 27 Ciidankii. Si dhakhso ah uu qayb ka mid ah guutada labaad ee shirkada F soo diray in jasiiradda Hawaii ee Oahu, halkaas oo Dzhons Dzheyms oo ay la socdaan saaxiibo uu jirtaa ku dumaa in qalcaddii Scofield iyo taqaan "qardhaasaha" oo dhan xoog American iyo Madaxdannadii aan sabab ahaa.

Part in colaadaha

Subaxnimadii December 7, diyaarado Japanese weeraray Markabka ay noqoto in Pearl Harbor iyo airfields ee jasiiradda of Oahu, kaas oo uu ku yaal qaybta a military, taas oo u adeegi jireen sida Dzheyms Dzhons. Wuu naxay oo ay khasaaraha ciidanka Mareykanka, taasoo noqonaysa in 2403 la dilay iyo 1178 dhaawac ah. Markaasaa waxaa u timid oo uu soo noqdo oo ay ka qayb qaataan colaadaha. Gaar ahaan, dhallinyarada jirka Jones, oo ay la socdaan shirkadiisa, 7 August 1942 degay mid ka mid ah jasiiradaha Guadalcanal. waxay halkaas u lahaa in ay si joogta ah uga qayb galo in dagaalka la Japanese ah. Kaliya ee November cadowga, samaynta waxba tarayn ee isku day uu dib ugu hanto Airporka weyn, yaal Cape Lunga, daad gureeyay ciidamo by 20 baabbi'in.

Ku noqo Maraykanka

Inta lagu jiro Battle caanka ah ee Mount Austen, taas oo ka bartamihii bishii December 1942 ilaa 23 January 1943 socday, oo waxaa lagu fuliyay kaymaha, Dzheyms Dzhons uu toogtay canqowga iyo abaal la "Purple Heart". Waxaa isaga soo diray, waayo, daaweynta caafimaad ee dalka Mareykanka, iyo in July 1944 uu soo saaray sababo caafimaad.

Back guriga, Dzheyms Dzhons uu go'aansaday in uu sii wato waxbarashadiisa iyo 1945 soo galay jaamacadda New York.

ugu horeysay ee suugaanta

Shaqada ugu weyn ee qoraaga noqday novel ah "From Halkan si waaridda," kaas oo la daabacay 1951. ugu horeeyay waxa uu ahaa in ka badan guul, iyo in 1952 Dzhons Dzheyms heshay abaalmarinta ah sharafeedka - Award Book Qaranka. Waa in la sheegay in, halka kooxda ay xafiiltamaan ahaayeen J .. D. Salinger iyo shaqada uu caan "The Catcher in Rye" iyo sheeko Herman Wouk ee "Dheeraynta on the" Kane "," hore u xusay in 1951 Pulitzer Prize, xeer beegti ah oo awood leh ay go'aansadeen in ay ku amaanayaa shuqulkii qoraa aan la garanayn.

Shaqada "From Halkan si waaridda" Jones tilmaamay inuu weli ku reebaya arrin cusub ka waayo-aragnimo jasiiradda Oaha lagu jiro qaraxii ee Pearl Harbor. guul buugga ayaa ahayd arrin la fahmi karo, sida kun oo Ameerikaan ah oo ay heleen wargelinta in wiilkooda, ninkeeda walaalkiis ama lagu dilay magaalada Hawaii, la pages ay kari waayeen in ay bartaan oo ku saabsan sida ay qolo qolo ku qaatay maalmood ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa. Intaa waxaa dheer, veterans badan ayaa ku faraxsan in ay isku wadanka yihiin ee ugu danbeyn bartaan runta ku saabsan wixii ay adkaystay, oo aan farjiyadooda.

Features tiraab ee James Jones

waa waxaan idinku leeyahay, suugaanta Mareykanka waa wax sida sheeko a military ama ciidan sida, u muuqday oo keliya sanadkii 1895, ka dib markii la daabaco shaqada ee Stephen Crane ee "Red Badge of Courage." Ka dib markii muddo dheer jebin shuqullada suugaanta cusub ka go'an in dadka lagu qasbay inay dilaan iyagoo caynkooda ah u gaar ah, ka dib markii deynta, noqon hantida akhristayaasha American ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka iyo waxa ay ka dib. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ahaayeen antimilitarist cad, oo muujineysa aragtida qoraaga ay John. Dos Passos, William Faulkner, Hemingway iyo kuwa kale.

wax soo saarka ugu horeysay Jones aasaas ahaan waa kala duwan oo ka hawlahaas. In novel ah "From Halkan si waaridda," ayuu ku tilmaamay nolosha ka mid ah "cananaaska Army", taas oo barriinsaday dhan mada hubaal in Hawaii. Uu furmi, Private Robert E. Lee Prewitt, kuwaas oo ka hor intaadan gelin adeegga ahaa feeryahanka guul, dhan sheeko ka qirashadeeda pacifism. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii barashada ku saabsan weerarkii lagu qaaday uu guutada, xataa marka lagu dhaawacay, askari oo doonaya in ay ku noqdaan si ay ugu biiraan dagaalka ka dhanka ah cadowga.

xirfadiisa suugaanta dheeraad ah

Jones 'novel labaad - "Oo intay ordeen" - xijaabi sheegay akhristayaasha ku saabsan nolosha qoraaga ka dib markii uu si uu u dhashay Robinson soo laabtay. In 1958, Maraykanka baaraa soo baxay version film ee shaqadan, by Vincente Minnelli oo bilowday Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin oo si toos ah ugu Shirli Makleyn. Filimku wuxuu ka helay 4 Magacaabidda "Oscar" oo ka mid ah - on the "Golden Globe". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kitaabka qudhiisa waxaa macno ahaan dillacshay by dhaleecayn, kuwaas oo helay in badan oo higaada iyo xarfo qalad, maxaa yeelay, iyagu ma oga in sidan qoraaga rabo in ay xoogga saaraan magaalada gobolka halkaas oo dhacdooyinka dhacaan.

In 1962, Dzheyms Dzhons, kuwaas oo buugaag mar hore si joogto daabacay in koob oo waaweyn, siin akhristaha leh shaqo cusub oo cinwaankiisa yahay "The Red Line caato ah." Waxa uu noqday nooc ka mid ah sii tilmaantii qoraaga koowaad ee sheeko iyo sameeyey dhaleecayn isaga u yeedhaan oo qoraa in badali karto Faulkner iyo Hemingway ah.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay

Nasiib darro, nolol qora la kala gooyey goor hore, sanadkii 1972. Intii lagu guda jiray shaqada ku saabsan Buugga "Just iigu yeedhaan," ayuu ogaaday in si xun u xanuunsan. Ma aha oo doonaya in ay shaqo ee la soo dhaafay ku hadhay taalo, ayuu maray tilmaamaha uu saaxiibkiis Willie Morris, oo kaalinta cutubka ugu dambeeya ee sheeko ku dhamaatay Forbrydelsen ciidanka, kaas oo sidoo kale ka mid ah "From Halkan si waaridda" iyo "The Line Red caato ah."

nolosha Personal

Jones soo laabtay ka dib dhaawac Robinson, waxay bilaabeen inay inta badan cabbin. Uu eedadii go'aansaday in uu badbaadiyo oo uu adeer oo isaga baray in uu kiiskaaga ku Lowney Handy, kaasoo ahaa mid ay isqabeen tababaraha warshadda sifeeynta deegaanka. Waxay lahaa si ay u caawiyaan James si ay ula qabsadaan ku tiirsanaanta khamriga, laakiin ay ugu dhakhsaha badan noqday kuwii ku caashaqi jiray. Isgaarsiinta Lowney iyo Jones ka tegey oo muddo dhowr sano ah. Marka 1957 qoraaga, ka New York laabtay, ayay isaga u keeneen la guursadee magaaladiisa isagoo Gloria, a lover hore fadeexad. Sidaas darteed, James iyo xaaskiisa ayaa lagu qasbay in ay dhaqso u tago. Xaas Jones iyo gabadhiisa Gloria ee Kylie waxa uu ku dhashay 1960-kii.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

• novel ah "The Red Line caato ah" laba jeer laga duubay. In 1964 filim la title this qaaday Andrew Marton, iyo in 1998 - Terrence Malick. Hore waxa uu ku casuumay in uu rinjiyeynta Shona Penna, Nika Nolti iyo Dzhona Travoltu. Isaga oo film ku guuleystay abaalmarinta a at iid Berlin, laakiin badiyay 7 magacaabidda at Awards Academy ah, kaas oo la soo bandhigay.
• Gabadha qoraaga - Kylie - sidoo kale laftiisa muujiyey duurka ku suugaanta. Sannadkii 1990 ayay daabacay sheeko ah "gabadhii Soldier ee marnaba u ooyaa," oo ku saabsan nolosha qoyskeeda.

Hadda aad ogtahay in Dzhons Dzheyms Ramon - qoraa, inta badan run tilmaami nolosha askari oo Maraykan ah diriray hor Pacific lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. tixaha uu, sidoo kale movies kirada iyaga on, waxaa ka mid ahaa ee ratings ee shuqullada ugu weyn suugaanta iyo cinematographic ee qarnigii 20aad, aasaasay ee Maraykanka, sidaa darteed waa in aad si xaqiiqo ah u hesho si ay u ogaadaan.