Dadka Makedoniya: qaababka, cabbirka iyo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka

Magaca dalka reer Makedoniya ka timaadaa ereyga Giriigga ah ee "makedonos" taas oo macnaheedu yahay "caato ah, dhaadheer, dhaadheer." Tirada dadka Makedoniya inta badan Makedoniya - koonfurta Slavs. Waxay yihiin natiijada milmaan ee deggan wadaniga ah ee Macedonia - Makedoniya qadiimiga, Thracians iyo kuwo kale oo si toos ah ula Slavs ah.

Waxbarashada Jamhuuriyadda Macedonia

Magaca saxda ah ee dalka - the Republic of Macedonia. Waa wadan Yurub oo madax banaan, Republic hore, taas oo qayb ka ah Yugoslavia ahaa. Ku taalla Jasiiradda Balkan ah. Waxaa inta badan waxaa lagu magacaabaa si fudud Macedonia, laakiin ma aha in lagu khaldo ee Macedonia qadiimiga ah. Jamhuuriyadda casriga ah ee Macedonia degan% ka mid ah dhulkeeda kaliya 38. Ka dib ku dhawaaqidda xaalad ahu loo yaqaan Republic of Macedonia, magacan ayaa sababay qanacsanayn weyn ee Greece.

DaIka Jamhuuriyadda joogo in muddo kala duwan ee taariikhda waxaa iska lahaa gobolo kala duwan, taas oo shaki la'aan saamayn ku kooban ee dadka reer Makedoniya ah. Beri baa ah waxa halkaas ka jiray dawlad madax bannaan ee isku magaca. Earth maanta Macedonia oo qayb ka ah Payon, Roman iyo Rayaale Byzantine, boqortooyada Bulgaria, ay sabab u tahay taas oo dadka intiisa badan wuxuu ahaa Christian ahaa.

Bulgarians iyo reer Makedoniya maanta la oran karo waa dadyowga xigaalkayaga, sida ay asal ahaan meel u dhow midba midka kale waa. In ka badan 500 oo sano ka dhulka ka hoos mariya harqoodka of Osman ahaa. Serbia, Greece iyo Bulgaria - Dhamaadka Wars Balkan ee 1912-1913, iyo dalkii reer qadiimiga Makedoniya waxaa ka mid ah saddex dal oo kala qaybsan. Tan waxaa inta badan saameyn ku kooban qowmiyadaha ee dadka reer Makedoniya, deggan reer Makedoniya, Albanians, seerbiyiin iyo Turkiga. Serbia, wada jir ah ula Makedoniya ahaa qayb ka mid ah Yugoslavia, kuwaas oo labaad ayaa la sii daayay sanadkii 1991.

Halabuurka qowmiyadaha

Tixgeli dadka reer Makedoniya, oo sideeda oo qowmiyadaha kan reer Makedoniya - 64% dadweynaha, Albanians - 25%, Turkiga - 4%, Roma - 2.7%, seerbiyiin - 2%.

Tiro badan oo dadka ay yihiin reer Makedoniya, ama South Slavs ah. Ethnonym "Makedoniya" la soo bandhigay galay isticmaalka 1945. Ka hor this, qof ayaa loo yaqaan "Makedoniya Slavs". In Greece, kuwaas loo yaqaannaa-Slavo Makedoniya ama skopyantsami. Guud ahaan, waxaa jira oo ku saabsan 2.5 milyan oo qowmiyadaha reer Makedoniya, oo ay ku jiraan oo ku nool dalka of 1.3 milyan oo qof.

Mid ka mid ah kooxaha badan oo qowmiyadeed ee gobolka waa Albanians - dadka Balkan ku nool dalka deriska la ah. dadka Albanian Makedoniya waa 510 kun oo qof.

digga

Sidii ay tirada Qaramada Midoobay ee dadka lab ahaaday badan dumar ah by 0.1% iyo lacag dhan 2017 1,044,361 oo qof, iyo haweenka - 1040 521. heerka koritaanka Tirada dadka, baahsanaanta kuwa ku dhashay dhintay, waa sannadkii 3229, maalin waa 9 dadka. Heerka socdaalka waa celcelis ahaan ku saabsan 1000 oo qof sanadkiiba. Tiradaas waa mid qaali ah, sida dalka waa miskiin by heerarka Yurub. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, heerka dabiiciga ah dadka koritaanka of 2 229 oo qof, taas oo ah arrin tiradaasi weyn, sababtoo ah dadka inta badan ay sabab u tahay kordhinta muhaajiriin in Europe.

Guudmarka

Dawladdu waxay of Macedonia oo ku yaalla koonfur-bari ee Europe, kuwaas oo xagga koonfureed oo reer Balkans. On dhulka of 25.712 km ^2. Tirada guud ee 2,08 milyan oo qof oo reer Makedoniya ah. Gobolka aqoonsan yahay afka reer Makedoniya, meelo ka mid ah dadka Albanian - luqadood Makedoniya iyo Albanian. caasimada dalka ee - magaaladii Skopje leh tirada 563,3 kun oo qof. Form Dowladda - Jamhuuriyadda baarlamaanka. Madaxa dawladda - Madaxweynaha. fasaxa National - Maalinta Xornimada - dabaal on September 8th. Lacagta - Denar. Xubin ka ee Qaramada Midoobay tan iyo sanadkii 1993.

meel juquraafi

xadka gobolka waxay ku taalaa waqooyiga ee Montenegro iyo Serbia, bari la Bulgaria, Albania galbeed, xagga koonfureed by Greece. Country Continental, badda ayaa outlet lahayn. On dhulkeeda waddaa tareenka iyo wadada wadada ka Western Europe in Greece.

muuqaalka

muuqaalkii dabiiciga ah - Rhodes massifs qadiimiga ah ee buuraha iyo buuraha yar ee ka qayb hore ee Badda Aegean ka. Fardar dooxada caanka ah kala weheliyaan koorsada of River Fardar. On dhulka ee dalka waa kayd macdanta furan. Sida laga soo xigtay River Fardar iyo gobolka waqooyi ee hills Eastern Makedoniya ka soo jeeddo Kobenhagen, halkaas oo ay ka heleen kayd ah macdanaha: birta, zinc, copper iyo hogaanka.

Western Makedoniya advantageously buuraleyda, Alpine buuralayda Karadzhitsa (2538 mitir heerka badda). On dhulka reer Makedoniya ah dal webiga Fardar, Strumica, kaas oo la barwaaqaysan Badda Aegean ka. River Black Drim qulqula intii badda Adriya hore. Deep Lake Ohrid la mid tahay our Lake Baikal oo waxaa baddii ku tectonic Prespanskomu xuduudda la leh Greece iyo Albania. Xagga dalkii buuraha lahaa, waxaa jira harooyinka glacial, kuwaas oo ay weheliso ilo bogsiinaya gaarey dusha sare. Tirada dadka Makedoniya iyo dalxiisayaal ka yimid wadamada kale halkan si loogu daweeyo iman.

Meelaha ay jirto jawi Mediterranean, koraan kaymaha isku dhafan, waxay u badnaayeen noocyada ugu qiimaha badan - geedkii iyo hornbeam, degaanka Strumnitsy koraa madow geed Crimean. Kaynta mashquulin ka badan nus ka mid ah dalka.

warshadaha

Maxay dadka reer Makedoniya? Inta badan dadka (59.5%) ku nool meelaha magaalooyinka ah. magaalooyinka waaweyn ee dalka - Skopje, Bitola, Prilep, Kumanovo. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay shirkadaha waaweyn sameeyay iron ore macdanta, chromite, biraha saldhig, dhuxusha. Ganacsi ku shaqeeyaan madow (birta tuuri), metallurgy cuntrooyinka.

shirkadaha Function mashiinka-dhismaha qalabka wax soo saarka, qalabka mashiinka, qalabka korontada, makiinadaha beeraha. Qayb ka mid ah dadka ka shaqeeya dawooyinka, alwaaxa dhirta iyo warshadaha Nuur iyo warshadaha cuntada.

beeraha

Qiyaastii 40% dadka reer Makedoniya ah waxaa ka shaqeeya beeraha, halkaas oo inta badan dalagga Adkaanno. Halkan, iyo sarreen, bariis, hadhuudh, suuf, lawska, tubaakada, calaamada ipium iyo kamuunta toban. Horumarinta ee viticulture, dismaha. Xoolaha muujinaysaa ido iyo lo 'buurta koraan. Sidoo kale horumariyo beeraha kalluunka harada.

indhaha

Macedonia - dalka hore, ilbaxnimada awoowe drevneantichnoy ah, ilaalin lahaa dhaxalka hodan taariikhiga ah. Waa ku dhashay ee Slavic Suugaanta, mid ka mid ah ugu nadiifsan ee Europe. All taxadiri ee dalka ayaa si taxadar leh Ilaalinna. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Giriiga ah ee qalcadda Heraclea Lyncestis in Strumica, qalcaddii halyeeyga ah Tsar Samuil iyo geedihii Asheeraah Christian qadiimiga ah - ee Basilica ee St. Sophia in Ohrid, kaniisada St. Panteleimon in Nerezi iyo St. Michael in Lesnovo, iyo wax ka badan ....