"Cyclosporin": tilmaamaha loo isticmaalo. "Cyclosporin A": waxbarida. Indhaha lagu dhibciyo la Cyclosporine

In dabiiciga ah, waxaa jira walxaha awood u xakamaynayaan xasaanadda gacanta iyo humoral ee jirka xoolaha by T-limfosaytis fuliyay ah. Waxaa suurto gal ah in ay si guul leh u fuliyaan xubnaha iyo in lagu daaweeyo cudurrada la xidhiidha nidaamka difaaca jirka si daciif ah. Mid ka mid ah cyclosporin sida waa xeryahooda dabiiciga ah.

description

Furitaanka oo ah walaxda la xidhiidha daraasadda of nooc fangas inflatum Tolypocladium iyo lucidum Cylindrocarpon. Dhexsameeysmo wakiilada bayoloji firfircoon sida cyclosporin A iyo C muujiyaan hawlaha difaaca ka dhanka ah unugyada dhiiga lymphocytic. Habkaani ugu horeysay laga helay 1972 by saynisyahano ka "Sandoz" ee shaybaarka Swiss. Waxaa la ogaaday in qaabdhismeedka kiimikada ee Cyclosporine waa dhexdhexaad endecapeptide xilliile lipophilic la calaamadeeyay talaabo jirka gaar ah.

Waxay ku salaysan tahay daawooyinka waxay leeyihiin ficil ah ee doorashada T-limfosaytis jebin xasaanadda gacanta iyo humoral. dhiig Cyclosporin hakiyo wax soo saarka ee lymphokines, taas oo yaraynaysa hawl lymphocyte, laakiin saameyn ah kuma laha habka of hematopoiesis iyo shaqada phagocytes, oo tilmaamaysa in ficilka la xushay ee xarunta ee jirka.

foomamka qiyaasta

Waa in lagu soo lifaaqo in kit kula daawo ay ku jirto cyclosporin, diiwaanka. Waxyaabaha kale, waxaa ka mid ah warbixin ku saabsan foomka fasaxa ee daroogada ah. Diyaargaraw walax waxa ay soo saartay foomka:

• kaabsoosha jilicsan la qiyaasta a of 25, 50 iyo 100 milligram,
• xal afka khamriga 100 milligram ee cyclosporin per ml of xal;
• saliid xal afka 100 milligram ee cyclosporin per ml of xal;
• xoogga for soo saaridda of xal maamulka galiyey 50 iyo 650 milligram per of cyclosporin mililitir;
• isha la 500 micrograms per mililitir ee Cyclosporine dhibciyo.

Iyada oo ku xidhan isticmaalka foomka qiyaasta duwanaan doono, waayo, maamulka gudaha, la isku duro, codsiga la mariyo.

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in heerka of nuugista of qayb firfircoon, waqti raasamaal ah tirada ugu badan ee dhiigga kaabsal iyo xalka loogu talagalay soo dhaweynta gudaha waxaa loo tixgelinayaa u dhigma.

Drug "takrolimus": dhigooda

In suuqa dawooyinka waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah daroogada soo saaray qaab la mid ah dawooyinka, iyo ku ool ah siiyaan saameyn la mid ah. Walaxda firfircoon iyaga oo ku waa Cyclosporine. Tilmaamaha isticmaalka micne ah immunodepressorov ka fiirsaneysa badadanaa daroogada si loo xakameeyo reactions difaaca.

Waxaa ka mid ah daawooyinka ka tarjumayay in qolof ah gelatin jilicsan iyo xal dareere waa daroogada asalka ah "Sandimmun Neoral" soo saaray shirkadda Swiss dawooyinka "Novartis". The daroogooyinka kale loo arkaa saari araggiisa ka abuuray by Halabuurka hore cyclosporin walax. Analogues sida daroogada "hexane Cyclosporin", "Ekoral", "Tsiklopren" "Cyclosporin A", soo saaray qaab kaabsoosha ama xal u irbado gudaha ama qaata.

Ay ujeedada ugu weyn ee - yaraynta diidmada in xubin badalida ee xubnaha gudaha ama dhuuxa lafaha. Waxaad ula dhaqantaan sida, shalalka, sida laga arday ku lifaaqan daroogada tilmaamaha "takrolimus" loo isticmaalo. Analogs leeyihiin sifooyin isku mid ah, oo muujinaya in loo isticmaalo.

hab ay of action "Cyclosporin A" daroogada

At qalbiga tallaabo oo dhan oo ah daawooyinka jirka waa saamayn doorashada T-limfosaytis. No marka laga reebo iyo daroogada "Cyclosporin A". si faahfaahsan Guide daboolaa habab ugu muhiimsan ee saamaynta pharmacodynamic of qayb firfircoon, taas oo xidhana in qaababka receptor unugyada gudahood ah. Hoos u-soo-saarka ee interleukins iyo interferon yaraynaysaa muujinta receptors for IL-2.

Medicament "Cyclosporin A" yaraynaysaa wax soo saarka ee antibodies faray at unugyada u gaar ah iyo unugyada, oo ay u arkaan shisheeye iyo baabbi'in. Habkaani wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si loo yareeyo cudurada difaaca iyo in la yareeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ee shalalka.

oolnimada Great "Cyclosporin A" khayrna allograft ah. Sababta diidmada unugyada iyo xubnaha transplanted waa hawshooda u ah ee unugyada difaaca jirka T ahbaa. Waxay si firfircoon uga bilaabaan in ay la soo saaro hoos saamaynta cudur-tallaalidda iyo saameyn unugyada talaalayo, taasoo keentay in ay dhimasho.

immunodepressora Action keenaysaa in xanibeen link T-unugyada iyo Iscelin of T-limfosaytis kacayaan reactions difaaca. Sidaas awgeed, waxtarka daawada "Cyclosporin A" (user muujinaysaa this) dhacdaa kaliya ka dib markii xakamaynta of cudur xubin. By baabbi'iyeen antibody antigen xiriirka galleeyda ka hortagi unugyada xubnaha transplanted.

maxaad ka codsan

Tilmaamayaasha Isticmaalka tilmaamaha "takrolimus" for isticmaalka daroogada waxaa loo kala qaybiyaa laba qaybood.

Ka hore waa badalida ama xubin badalida unugyada deeq iyo xubnaha. daawada loo isticmaalo si looga hortago in diidmada podsazhennogo xubnaha ama unugyada. Sida caadiga ah, Maqaar loo isticmaalo maqaarka, wadnaha, dhuuxa lafta, sambabada, beerka, kelyaha, xammeetidu. Waxaa laga yaabaa in isticmaalka daroogada in la baabi'iyo wakiilada kale ee jirka diidmada marka. Qeybta labaad waa cudur, shalalka qaab daran. Sidoo kale wakiilka qoray si loo wanaajiyo hoose ee daroogooyinka kale.

In waxa cudurada ee aan daaweyn daroogada "takrolimus"? si loogu isticmaalo tilmaamo ay ka mid yihiin barashada qoondaysaa foomamka ba'an ee dermatitis hidde iyo neurodermatitis, daliilka psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, iyo in saamayn ku kala goysyada yar ay bararaan. isticmaalka suurto gal ah in uveitis in meelaha dhexe iyo dambe ee isha marka choroid barar iyo retina, iyo nephrotic syndrome iyo dabeecadda hormone-gormonoustoychivoy.

sharciyada gelitaanka

daaweynta daroogada waxaa lagula talinayaa oo keliya ka yar kormeer caafimaad ee isbitaalka. Sida caadiga ah isticmaalaan codsiga gudaha ama faleebo xididka, inkastoo doorashada waxaa la siiyaa si ay u helaan xal afka ama irbada.

Weelka, loo isticmaalo diyaarinta xal la isku duro xididka waa in la sameeyaa of galaas, halkii chloride polyvinyl in ay ka fogaadaan reaction saliid castor.

Waayo, Barxo of shancosbitaal loo isticmaalo xal 0.9 boqolkiiba nafsaaniga ah ee chloride sodium ama boqolkiiba 5 xal glucose. Barxo ku dhaqma ee Joogaba, ka 1:20 1: 100, taas oo ku xidhan ujeedada. Ku billow daroogada si tartiib ah laba ilaa lix saacadood.

Ka hor transplanting xubnaha ama unugyada soo bandhigay xal hore cyclosporin qiyaastii afar iyo toban saacadood. Si looga hortago daliilka xasaasiyad ay barbar magacaabay daaweynta antiallergic iyo immunosuppressants kale. Ka dib markii laba toddobaad ka mid ah maamulka xididka of daroogada by codsiga afka. Qiyaasta maalin kasta uu dhakhtarkaagu kuu qoray, qaaday laba jeer laba iyo toban saacadood.

Kaabsoosha cabbo oo dhan oo aan ku furo baqshadda, hoos u maydhay biyo. Daawada qaab dareere ka hor isticmaalka qasi jiray biyo la cabbo ee masaf galaas. Buugga qeexayaa si faahfaahsan sida loo kala xirmo iyo sida loo wac xal qalin silingaha dhalada galaas, si ay u si fiican u dooro qadarka saxda ah ee daawada. Ka dib markii la cabo weel xal la raaciyaa biyo iyo cabbin dareeraha, in uu jiro khasaaro ma dose.

isticmaalka saameen waa u daroogada iyo bambeelmo juice, taas oo yaraynaysa saamaynta daroogada, sidoo kale inta lagu jiro daaweynta mamnuuc by tallaalka la nool fayruska iyo Delft oo ka rubella, cudurka dabaysha, jadeecada, qaamo-qashiirka.

qiyaasta

Marka gelitaanka dadka waaweyn transplanted bilaabataa dose maalinle ah oo 10-14 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka. Ka dib todoba iyo toban maalmood ee daaweynta waxaa lagu cabbiraa fiirsashada of Cyclosporine ee dhiigga. Waxaa la saameeyay heerka of nuugista iyo diinta ee jirka. tilmaame Tani waa muhiim si ay ula socdaan si looga hortago waxyeelo iyo si looga fogaado isdhexgalka negative daawooyin kale. Intaas ka dib, ee qiyaasta maalinlaha ah ee daroogada waxaa uu hoos ugu 3.6 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka, waxay u qaybsan yahay laba isticmaalo. content plasma daweynta of cyclosporin sidaas kala duwan 110 410 si nanograms per mililitir.

Ka dib markii xubin badalida of kelyaha helo medicament in qiyaas ka yar saddex ilaa afar milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka waxay sababi kartaa diidmada.

dhuuxa lafta u baahan tahay isticmaalka iskujir ah Cyclosporine iyo methotrexate. Dhawr maalmood ka hor bukaanka beerista waxaa maamula maalin intravenously ee ka soo 2.5 ilaa 5 milligram per kiilo miisaanka jidhka walxaha.

Ka dib markii guurka in daaweyn jiray kaabsoosha bilowdo dose maalinle ah oo 12.5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka, kaas oo loo qaaday sidii laba jeer. Daaweynta tiro ka mid ah daroogada waxay qaadataa saddex ilaa lix bilood. Tartiib tartiib baahida loo qabo in la yareeyo qiyaasta ah ilaa dhamaadka muddada daawaynta.

Si aad u baabi'iyo xaalad ba'an oo isticmaalaya qiyaasta koowaad maalin ee daroogada ka 12.5 ilaa 15 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka (qaad laba waji). Konton maalmood ka qaataan hoos u qiyaasta shan boqolkiiba toddobaadka, oo shan bilood qaadashada dhameysatay daroogada ka dib. daaweyn dheeraad ah "Cyclosporin" medicament qaadeen in kiiska cadaanyo soo noqnoqda. Tilmaamaha loogu isticmaalo, comments ku jira macluumaad ku saabsan badbaadada ee xubnaha transplanted (wadnaha, beerka). Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoob, hal sano gaaro siddeetan boqolkiiba.

Daaweynta shalalka baahan tahay in hab gaar ah si doorashada ee qaadasho cudurka kasta.

By qaata "Cyclosporin" diiwaanka diyaarinta talinaysaa daaweynta uveitis daran. Waa in aynu ka bilaabi dose maalinle ah oo 5-10 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka iyo dhegi in ay si aad u yarayso bararka iyo caadi ah function muuqaal ah. koorsada daawada waa saddex ilaa lix iyo toban bilood. In lesions daran ee isku darka la prednisolone at dose oo ah 200 600 micrograms halkii kiilo ah oo miisaankeedu yahay bukaanka.

In psoriasis daran dose maalin walba waa 2.5 milligram halkii kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka, soo dhaweynta waxaa loo sameeyaa laba waji. qiyaasta waxaa kordhay 1 milligram halkii kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka, laakiin aan ka badnayn 5 kiilo milligram per, haddii ka dib intii soddon maalmood ah ka dib markii bilow ah ee therapy, horumar ma. Admission baajiso lix todobaad ka dib haddii daawayn waa natiijo la'aan.

nephrotic syndrome la function kelyaha caadi ah in dadka waaweyn ee lagu dawaynayo isticmaalaya qiyaasta of daroogada si uu 6 milligram per miisaanka jidhka kiilo ee carruurta - ilaa 5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka. Haddii function kelyaha waa daciif ah, qiyaasta - wax ka badan 2.5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka.

Inta lagu jiro daaweynta leh content cyclosporin lagu socdo ee plasma dhiigga. Waayo, oggolyahay-ku-daweyn u baahan yahay ay fiirsashada dhiigga ku qadarkuu of 60-160 nanograms per mililitir.

Inta lagu guda jiro saddexda bilood ee ugu horeeya waa in ay ahaadaan gacanta heerka kariyaatiniin ee serum dhiig, sida midhaha ee tilmaamahan ay muujin karaan bilowgii diidmada cudur xubin ama kelyaha transplanted. Waayo, dadka qaba kelyaha si fiican u shaqeeya, falanqaynta waxaa lagu fuliyaa mar afar iyo toban maalmood oo kasta, haddii ay jiraan xadgudubyo, index kariyaatiniin waa toddoba maalmood oo kasta qiyaasay. Marka-fiirsashada ee tilmaanta ka badan 200 oo micromoles halkii litir ee dadka waaweyn iyo in ka badan 140 micromoles halkii litir ee carruurta qaadeen baabiiyo of daroogada.

Sababo la xiriira saamaynta ay suurto gal sun ah ee daroogada waxaa lagu fuliyaa la socodka mudada of content ee bilirubin, HOL, amylase, magnesium iyo potassium udhigo in dhiig, falgalka beerka la go'aamiyo.

Rheumatoid arthritis waa nooc aad u daran inta lagu guda jiro lixda toddobaad ee hore loola dhaqmo diyaarinta "Cyclosporin" at dose oo ah 2.5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka, ku xiga daweynta qiyaasta maalinlaha ah waa in aan ka badnayn 4 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka. Marka tolerability saboolka ah ee medicament waa suurto gal in la yareeyo ay qadar in qiyaasta ugu yar ee wax ku ool ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in isku-dar ah "ciclosporin" daroogada la qadar yar oo ah corticosteroids ama daawooyinka anti-bararka magnyl.

noocyada halista ah ee dermatitis hidde ah waxaa lagu daaweeyaa by daroogada maamulka maalinlaha ah ee dose oo ah 2.5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka. Haddii ay jirto wax saamayn ah ka dib markii afar iyo toban maalmood qoray dose maalin walba ugu badnaan - 5 milligram per kiilo ee miisaanka jidhka. Haddii aysan jirin wax horumar ah ee gobolka, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la yareeyo si tartiib ah in qiyaasta daawada.

Sida loo isticmaalo indhaha Cyclosporine? dhibco lagu shubo indhaha

wakiilada jirka loo isticmaalay indhaha loogu daweeyo ee isha qalalan. Ujeeddooyinkan, Cyclosporine. Indhaha lagu dhibciyo jira (0.05 boqolkiiba) waxaa loo suuq hoos tradename ah "Restasis".

Wakiilka waxaa iska leh kooxda ee dawooyinka loo isticmaalo si loo ilaaliyo wilka iyo humidification. diyaarinta soo saaray in dose hal of 0.4 fijaan oo milligram ee content ee hal mililitir oo xal 500 mg ah ee firfircoon.

Waa maxay daawooyinka muujinaysaa Cyclosporine? dhibco lagu shubo indhaha saaraan anti-bararka, saamayn immunomodulatory, joogsada in wax soo saarka ee dheecaan lachrymal inta lagu guda jiro keratoconjunctivitis qalalan.

Sida loo isticmaalo "Restasis" daroogada

Loo isticmaalo hab "Restasis" kooban cyclosporin. Isticmaalka Guide talinaysaa gulucdooda horeysay gilgil weelka si aad u hesho emulsion a dhqaalaha Doolaal cad. Markaas waxaad bilaabi kartaa inaad abuurto dhibcood galay koleyga ee conjunctival ee indhaha bukaan-socodka. Habkani waa la fuliyay laba jeer maalintii, iyo toban saac oo kasta. In codsanaya daroogada waa inayan taaban darafka ku shubtay xabka isha si looga hortago ingress caabuqa ee xalka. Waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto in aad u baahan tahay in ay si degdeg ah u isticmaalaan daawada ka dib markii ay weelka, xal ka hartay looma isticmaalo, waxaa la adeegsadaa.

daawo No "Restasis" daroogada marka xiran contact lenses. Waxay la saaraa ka hor si ay u isticmaalaan oo xal ah, iyo in la reinserted karaa oo kaliya shan iyo toban daqiiqo ka dib.

Isticmaalka Cyclosporine xoolaha

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wakiilka this jirka sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa daawaynta cudurada, shalalka in eeyaha iyo xayawaanka kale.

Markii hore oo kaliya dadka isticmaala Cyclosporine. "Sandimmune" - xal saliid ku jirto xarunta xaadirka ah, marka loo isticmaalo by bukaanka kala duwan sababay uruuray kala duwan oo firfircoon ee plasma ah.

qaab casri ah oo dheeraad ah waxaa la abuuray ka dibna - Cyclosporine ultramicronized ( "Neoral"). Waxay keentaa formation of microemulsion ah inta lagu guda jiro dhexgalka la dareeraha. Tani waxay keentay in ay horumar ee nuugista iyo bioavailability daroogada sida soo horjeeda xal saliid taas oo aan ku haboon yahay xayawaanka.

Abuuraha reer foomka caafimaadka xoolaha ee daroogada waxaa loo arkaa shirkad "Novartis". daroogada oo Rukhsad leh ayaa la sii daayay sanadkii 2003 loo yaqaan "hidde ah", waxaa loogu tala galay daaweynta dermatitis hidde ah ee xayawaanka. Ilaa wakhtigaas, aan rasmi ahayn immunosuppressants loo isticmaalo ee bisadaha kelyaha beerista iyo eeyaha gargaarka ee calaamadaha geedi socodka bararka.

Calaamadaha dermatitis hidde ah sida caadiga ah u muuqan in eeyaha iyo bisadaha yar yar ee da'doodu lix bilood ah inta u dhaxaysa saddex sano. Waa cudur joogto ah lagu gartaa noqoshada soo noqnoqonaysa. Waxa loo baahan yahay in la daweeyo diyaarinta nolosha oo dhan ka kooban Cyclosporine. Tilmaamaha loogu isticmaalo for xayawaanka "hidde ah" waxaa loola jeedaa dhibcood si ay suurogal ah in ay aad ugu isticmaalin muddo dheer ku ool ah iyo si ammaan ah.

Iyada oo cuntada isku mar iyo daawo si ay isbedel in nuugista, waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay qaataan qalabka laba saacadood ka dib ama cuntada ka hor.

Waxaa ka mid ah ka Faalooday isticmaalka daroogada waa xanuunada ugu badan ee habka dheef shiidka, laakiin waxa ay muujiyeen in hab fudud. Saameynada kale ee dhinac ay yihiin calaamadaha hypertrichosis, kelyaha ciridka iyo dermatitis hyperplastic. By yareynta qiyaasta daawada waa ay ka lumay si tartiib ah.

Qaadashada cyclosporin yaraynaysaa koritaanka iyo horumarka ee cudurada staphylococcal iyo wareer ah dermatitis malassezioznogo, in qiyaasta daweynta ma keeno kelyaha, hypertension, formation of neoplasms. xaqiiqooyinka Oo intaas oo dhammu waxay muujinayaan halis yar ee dhibaatooyin xilliga daaweyn muddada-dheer ee dermatitis hidde ah in eeyaha.