Condenser. tamarta ee capacitor ku amray

Tan iyo bilowgii daraasadda oo koronto ah si ay u xalliyaan su'aasha ah ee ay raasamaal iyo ilaalinta ay ahayd oo kaliya 1745, Ewald Jurgen von Kleist iyo Pieter van Musschenbroek. Waxa asaasay in qalab Dutch Leiden ogol yahay in ay isku uruursadaan tamar koronto iyo u isticmaali marka loo baahdo.

weel Leyden - capacitor noocooda ah. Its isticmaalo tijaabo jireed dallacsiiyey daraasadda of korontada waa ka fog tahay ka hor kulanka ay suurtagal tahay in la abuuro noocooda ah oo koronto.

Waa maxay capacitor a

Ururi lacag korontada iyo korontada - Ujeedada ugu weyn ee capacitor ah. Sida caadiga ah, nidaam laba kirishbooyada dahaaran diyaarin sida ugu dhow ee suurto gal ah in uu midba midka kale. bannaan oo u dhaxeeya kirishbooyada waxaa ka buuxsamay dielectric ah. lacag ururtay on kirishbooyada xulay heteronymic. hantida waa eedeeyay soo horjeeda jiidan kor ay raasamaal weyn. dielectric waxaa la siiyaa door dual: sare joogto ah dielectric, weyn capacitance korontada, dacwado ka adkaan kartaa caqabad iyo Kipury.

awoodda Electric - tirada aasaasiga ah jirka sifeeyay fursad ay ku hamineysay lacag ah capacitor ah. taarikada Guides loo yaqaan beerta korontada diiradda therebetween capacitor.

Energy eedeeyay capacitor, waxa ay u muuqataa inay ku xiran tahay awoodda.

awoodda korontada

iman kara Energy waxay suuro gelineysaa in la codsado (a capacitance korontada weyn) ee capacitor ah. tamarta ee capacitor ku amray waxaa loo isticmaalaa si aad u dalbato garaaca wadnaha hadda gaaban haddii loo baahdo.

On waxa qiimaha ay ku xiran tahay awoodda korontada? Geedi socodka bilaabmaa capacitor ku amraya xira electrodes ay ulaha of il hadda. Ururto on saxan weyn oo lacag (qiimaha oo q) waxa laga soo qaatay sidii amarka on capacitor ah. duurka oo korontada waxaa xuddun u dhexeeya electrodes leeyahay farqi iman kara U.

capacitance korontada (C) waxay ku xiran tahay tirada ka mid ah korontada in xoogga saaraysaa hal kaari iyo danab berrinka, C = q / U.

Qiimaha Tani waxaa lagu cabiraa F (farads).

Awoodda dhulka oo dhan aan la la barbar dhigi karaa capacitance of capacitor ah, kuwaas oo qiimaha qiyaastii waa buug ka. Ururtay mas'uul awood loo isticmaali karaa farshaxanka.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si loo badbaadiyo tiro aan xad lahayn oo koronto ku tumeen sidii ay suurto gal ahayn. Marka danab ku kordhisaa qiimaha ugu badan ee burburka capacitor laga yaabaa inuu dhaco. Suxuunta ay noqoto mid dhexdhexaad, taas oo keeni kara dhaawac ah qalabka. tamarta ee capacitor lagu soo oogay in ay dhacdo tani waa gebi ahaanba in uu kulayl.

Caddadka tamar

Kululaynta ee capacitor waa ay sabab u tahay diinta ka mid ah tamarta korontada duurka galay gudaha. Awoodda capacitor ah si ay u qabtaan shaqada on dhaqdhaqaaqa la'aan waxay muujinaysaa joogitaanka sahay ku filan oo koronto ah. Si loo go'aamiyo sida weyn tamarta ee capacitor lagu soo oogay, tixgelin habka of detente. The danab beerta korontada U tiro q lacag socodka ka mid saxan in kale. Marka la qeexo, beerta qaliin waa loo siman yahay si wax soo saarka ee kala duwan yihiin laga yaabo in guud ahaan tirada amarka: A = qu. la xiriirta Tani waa ansax ah oo keliya qiimaha danab joogto ah, laakiin habka loo rididada taarikada capacitor waa hoos u dhac tartiib ah in ay eber. Si looga fogaado isdhaaf ah, waxaan uu celcelis ahaan qaataan si ay U / 2.

awoodda korontada ka formula leeyihiin: q = CU.

Sidaa awgeed, tamarta ee capacitor lagu soo oogay lagu ogaan karaa sida ay caanaha,

W = CU ^2/2.

Waxaan u aragnaa in ay magnitude waa weyn sare awoodda korontada iyo danab. Si aad ka jawaabto su'aasha ah waxa tamarta ee capacitor lagu soo oogay, ugu noqon inuu noocyada ay.

noocyada capacitors

Maxaa yeelay, tamarta duurka korontada ku urursan capacitor waa si toos ah ee la xiriira in ay capacitance iyo hawlgalka capacitor ku xiran tahay sifooyinka ay dhismaha, isticmaalaan noocyada kala duwan ee drives.

1. Qaabka uu taarikada ah: flat, cylindrical, spherical, iwm ...
2. Laga soo bilaabo isbedelka ku dhacay capacitance: joogto ah (awood aan la beddelay,), doorsoomayaasha (dhalan rogga guryaha jireed, la beddelo awoodda), laambadihii. isbedelka Capacitance laga yaaba in la beddelo heerkulka, farsamo ama danab korontada. capacitance korontada ee taargooyinka capacitor daafigaw badala goobta isbeddelka.
3. Sida laga soo xigtay nooca dielectric: gas, dareere, dielectric adag.
4. Sida laga soo xigtay celceliska dielectric: dhalooyinka, warqadaha, Miikaa, metallized, dhoobada, dhuuban-filimada ee darey kala duwan.

Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca kala soocin iyo capacitors kale. tamarta ee capacitor ku amray waxay ku xiran tahay sifooyinka dielectric. tirada ugu weyn ee loo yaqaan permittivity. capacitance korontada waa si toos ah saami, waxa uu.

saxan capacitor

Ha ka fikiro si aynu qalab fudud oo ururinaya lacag korontada - condenser guri. Tani waa hab jirka ka kooban laba birood isku midka ah ka dhexeeya oo lakabka dielectric.

taarikada Foomka waxaa laga yaabaa in qaab, oo wareeg ah. Haddii aad u baahan tahay si ay u helaan awood variable, saxanka waxaa inta badan lagu eedeeyay in ay qaab bar-saxannada. Wareegga mid koronto qaraabo kale ku keena isbedel ku yaalla of taarikada ah.

Waxaan u qaadan in aagga of saxan weyn waa S, masaafada u dhexeysa taarikada qaadan d siman, permittivity filler - ε. awoodda korontada ee nidaamka ku xiran tahay oo kaliya on joomateri ee capacitor ah.

C = εε ₀ S / d.

tamarta ee capacitor guriga

Waxaan aragnaa in capacitance waa si toos ah saamiyeed si ay aagga guud ee saxan weyn oo dhigmayn in therebetween masaafada u. Wehliyaha ee dheellitirnaanta - korontada ε joogta ah _0. Kordhinta joogto ah dielectric of dielectric wuxuu kordhin doonaa wax capacitance korontada. Yaraynta aagga of taarikada bixisaa a capacitors trimmer. tamarta eedeeyay beerta capacitor Electric ku xiran tahay oo xuduudaheedu ay joomatari.

Waxaan la isticmaalayo xisaabinta formula ah: W = CU ^2/2.

tamarta Determination eedeeyay qaab planar capacitor waxaa lagu fuliyaa sida ay caanaha,

W = εε ₀ SU ² / (2d).

Isticmaalka capacitors

Awoodda capacitors ah si tartiib tartiib ah u soo ururin amarka korontada si deg deg ah oo ku filan si uu u siiyo waxaa loo isticmaalaa in dhinacyo kala duwan of technology.

Xarunta la inductors abuuri karaan wareeggeedii resonant, shaandheysaa circuit warcelin hadda.

Toosh, stun, taas oo ay jirto ficil degdeg ah capacitor awoodda dheecaan loo isticmaalo in la abuuro garaaca wadnaha a hadda xoog leh. xukun capacitor qaadataa meel ka isha joogto ah hadda. Laftiisa u dhaqmo sida element capacitor ah, jebiyo Bannaanka. dhinaca ka soo horjeeda iyada oo laambadda dheecaanku waa iska caabin yar ohmic dhow goobtii. elekterigga The element this waa jidhka bini'aadamka.

Capacitor ama batari

Awoodda muddo dheer si ay amarka u hayaan kaydiyaa siinaysaa fursad aad u weyn si ay u isticmaalaan sida warbaahinta kaydinta ama tamarta kaydinta ah. In radio, hantida this waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalo.

batteriga bedelo, nasiib daro, capacitor ah ma awoodo inuu, maxaa yeelay waxa uu leeyahay feature a of dheecaan. Ururtay ay tamar kama badna dhowr boqol oo joules. batteriga keydin karaa sahay badan oo koronto ah muddo dheer, iyo la shiidaa khasaare lahayn.