"Black Thursday" sanadkii 1998. 1998 default ee Russia

Ka dib markii Midowga Soofiyeeti dayn inay jiraan, Russia waxaa had iyo jeer la kulantay dhibaatooyin dhaqaale. Dawladdu waxay u baahan yihiin maalgelinta shisheeye, adeega dibadda deynta si loo hubiyo in ma noqon karaan. Sidaas darteed, tirada weyn ee amaahda dibadda, laakiin sidoo kale gudaha ma aha oo kaliya la aasaasay deynta weyn dadweynaha. In tani ay ahayd shuruud u ah dhacdada ugu caansan dunida ee ay hoos ugu tegey, taariikhda sida "Black Thursday" sanadkii 1998.

Sii kordhaya deynta dadweynaha, ama Sidee dhan bilaabay

Sida laga soo xigtay macluumaad ay bixiyeen Bangiga Dhexe ee Ruushka, wakhtiga dhibaatada, SMP u dhiganta 24 bilyan oo dollar. Marka this deynta GKO suuqa / OFZ in aan dadka deegaanka iyo suuqa saamiyada ahaa $ 36 billion. size Celceliska deynta sanadlaha ah in aan dadka deegaanka soo dhawaaday tiradaasi oo ah $ 10 bilyan oo sano ah. Xumeeyey xaaladda dhibic fiiqan in qiimaha alaabta ceeriin ee suuqa caalamiga ah. Qaadista saliid taabtay, gaaska iyo biraha. Isla mar ahaantaana in Asia bilaabay dhibaatada dhaqaale ee caalamka. dakhliga sarifka lacagaha qalaad Russia ayaa hoos u dhacay dhowr jeer, qiimaha sarifka doolarka ee 1998 updated ay ugu badnaan, iyo deyn shisheeye bilaabeen in ay la kulmaan shaki iyo walaac daran marka la eego siinta taageero dhaqaale oo gobolka in ay xaaladda dhaqaale aan degganayn.

dareenka diidmada ah: waxa oo dhan ka bilowday July

In kasta oo xaaladda halista ah ee dalka, "Black Thursday" sanadkii 1998 ayaa keenay waxqabadka Michel Camdessus, ka dibna booska of Agaasimaha Fulinta ee IMF. Maxaa yeelay, in erayadiisii saamaynta in xataa haddii dhan shuruudaha lacag IMF ee Russia ma awoodi doonaan in ay soo saaraan si amaah ah ku yimid qaddarka lacagta ee $ 15 billion, taasoo uu codsaday gobolka walaac ku saabsan qiimaha dhaca lacagta qaranka noqday gaar ahaan ba'an.

Horeba July 7 CBR gebi ahaanba joojiyay soo saarida hay'adaha maaliyadeed sida amaahaha Lombard. July 9 wadahadalo la qabtay, natiijada oo gobolka haystay oo dhan fursadaha helitaanka amaah ah in xaddiga 22.6 bilyan oo dollar. Maalintii dambe, Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ku dhawaaqay in qiima raalli dalka aan horay loo arag ugu soo dejin doonaa, oo waa ugub ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah dhaqaalaha.

isbedelka khayaal ah ee niyadda

Dhacdooyinka ka dhacay dalka dabayaaqadii July, rajo gelisay in 1998 defaulted ma dhici karto. Sidaas darteed, 29 ka mid ah gobolka ayaa loo qoondeeyay wajigii hore ee nooca degdegga ah amaahashada shisheeye. Its size ahaa qiyaastii $ 14 billion. qiima halista ayaa u laabteen. 24 ka mid ah heerka la mid ah bil Huang wuxuu ahaa yareeyo qiimaha a of 60%. Inyar bedelay qaab dareen wanaagsan Andreya Illarionova, shaqeeyey agaasimaha machadka dhaqaalaha. Waxa uu dhaleeceeyay siyaasadda rasmiga ah ee dawladda iyo ku adkeystay on dardar qiime dhaca lacagta qaranka.

The dhacdooyinka of August 1998 - qiyaas hore ee dhibaatooyinka

dhibaatooyinka 1998 ee Russia waxay bilaabeen inay ka sii dari ka dib markii uu hakad ku meel gaar ah muddo 5 August, markii ay dawladdu ka codsaday State si loo kordhiyo xadka amaahda ka soo $ 6 billion si 14. xal Tani waxay si cad u yahay calaamad u xaqiiqda ah in dalka si fudud ma aha oo awood u leh oo laga helay ilo gudaha maalgelinta ay miisaaniyadda.

On 6 August Mareykanka ayaa soo saartay wajigii saddexaad dib u dhiska dhaqaalaha ee $ 1.5 billion. deynta Ruush on suuqa dunida ayaa u dhacday qiimaha ugu hooseeya. 1998 "Black Thursday" ee sannaddii soo wareegtay ayaa uu ku dhow oo ku dhow.

Burburkii tartiib ah dhaqaalaha

Burburkii lama huraan ah sheegyada ee securities Ruush lagu qabtay 11 ka mid ah August. Saamiyada ee RTS hoos maalin kasta by 7.5%. Tani waxa ay ahayd sababta joojinta ganacsiga. Inta lagu jiro maalintii, bangiyada gudoon sii waday in ay soo iibsadaan lacagaha qalaad. In fiidkii of isla maalintaas markii sanadkii 1998 sarrifka doolarka gaaray sarreysa, inta badan oo ka mid ah bangiyada ugu wayn ee dalka ayaa ka joojisay oo dhan.

August 12 xiiso af badan ee lacagta noqday shuruud u ah in ay heshiis xannibid dhamaystiran oo suuqa credit isku xidhka ka. Waxay bilaabeen dhibaatada hantidooda ah. Bangiyada u baahan xaddi badan oo lacag si ay ula kulmaan waajibaadkeeda hoos heshiisyada weeraryahanka, la kulanto dhibaatooyin bixinta amaahda. CB proinitsiiroval xadka hoos waayo lacagta bangiyada ugu wayn ee ganacsiga, ka badan si weyn u dhimay ay kharashka dayactirka ah ee Ruble ah. Hay'adda Moody`s iyo Standard & Poor`s August 13, ayaa ku dhawaaqay hoos u dhac af ee credit rating muddo-dheer ee gobolka. Wasiirka Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Agaasime Ku-xigeenka Bangiga Dhexe sheegay saxaafadda in suuqa sarifka lacagaha qalaad iyo suuqa dowladda bond ka soo dhibic this on saacidi doonta kuwa baangiga jooga. August 14 lagu arki karo wadooyinka u dhow bangiyada of saf oo dhan bankiga kuwaas oo isku dayaya inuu ka soo kabsado ay lacag.

"Black Thursday" 1998

kaalinta Black on taariikhda Ruush cinwaan looga dhigay "Black Thursday" loogu tala galay farsamo default ee dalka, oo ay awoodi waayeen in ay waajibaadkeeda - labada dibadda ama gudaha. On 17 August, ka dib khudbad Sergeya Kirienko, degan tiir kasta oo madax ka ah dawladda, waxaa caddaatay in qiima ka dhacay. Waxa uu ka hadlay hawlaha loogu talagalay xasilinta iyo caadi ah dhaqaale iyo labada siyaasadda dhaqaalaha.

90 maalmood ayaa ganaax ku maqan gudashada waajibaadka dad ajaanib ah oo ku saabsan amaahda dhinca dhaqdhaqaaqa qaabka guud ee suuqa taagayo iyo khalkhalgelinta dammiin. Gebi ahaanba joojiyay iibinta T-biilasha. Russia ayaa u dhaqaaqay heerka sarrifka sabayn. Ka dib markii ballaarinta waddada of 6 ilaa 9.3 rubles halkii dollar si loo xakameeyo xaaladda, dowladda ma uu karin inuu. In 1998 dollar ee kaliya labo bilood ayaa kor dhowr jeer, iyo in October ahaa 15.9 rubles halkii dollar, iyadoo 6 rubles bilowga xagaaga 1998 marka la barbar dhigo.

Maxaa ka socday dalka ka dib markii bixinkaro?

Ka dib markii default 1998 waxaa si rasmi ah ku dhawaaqay, bangiyada joojiyay isla markiiba soo saaray lacag dhigaal ah. Xaaladdu waa ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in waajibaadka hay'adaha maaliyadeed ka muujiyay in dollars, iyo hantida - in rubles. Haddii aad bilowdo bixinta lacag dhigaal ah ee joogitaanka qiima ah, soo dhisi doono god xaashida, kaas oo wiiqi laga yaabaa in nidaamka bangiyada oo dhan ee gobolka.

Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Visa Int. xidhmey magacaabidda card "Imperial" bangiga dalka ugu weyn. ayaa All inteeda kale oo ka mid ah hay'adaha maaliyadeed lagu dhiirigelinayaa in ay iska soo saaraan lacag caddaan on kaararka. 1998 dollar sare waxa uu noqday aasaas u ah in laga mamnuuco abuuritaanka farqi u dhexeeya iibsiga iyo iibinta lacagaha ka badan 15%. Waxaa jira xulasho dabiiciga ah oo ka mid ah hay'adaha maaliyadeed, kaliya xoogga. diidmada la siiyey by hordhaca ah ee maamulka ku meel gaar ah. Daynta in maamul maaliyadeed oo ka dhacay on shuruudaha gudbinta ee ay asturidda saamiyo dowladda. Markaasaa waxaa jiray amar ku saareen awoodaha ka koobnaa xukuumadda iyo casaan ah ee madaxa arrimaha gobolka.

khasaaraha dhaqaale

Baaritaan dhab ah iyo aragtiyo cusub xusuustay by deggan badan oo dalka ah, waayo, 1998. Default in Russia ayaa keentay in khasaare ee August 96 billion dollars. khasaare qaybta shirkadaha lacag dhan ugu yaraan $ 19 billion. hay'adaha maaliyadda Commercial soo gaaray khasaare in qadarka 45 billion dollars. khubaro badan oo dunida dhaqaale waa dhiiran tahay in ay aaminsan yihiin in tirooyinka kuwani waa mid aad u yar.

GDP ilaa $ 150 billion dhacay. Xaaladda caydh ah ee dunida ugu weyn waxaa la sudhay on Russia ahaa ee August 1998. Ruble ayaa si xooga qiime, iyo saamiyada deynta dibadda waqti isku mid ah oo aan ka yar tahay 220 bilyan oo doolar. lacagta Taasi waxay u dhigantaa 147% of GDP. Deynta dibadda - ma aha wax kaliya ee keenay 1998. Default in Russia ayaa keentay in deynta guriga. waajibaadka guud ee gobolka, si ay muwaadiniinta dalka lacag dhan 300 bilyan oo doolar, taas oo u dhiganta 200% of GDP. Ku urursan galbeed amarka of 1.2 trillion dollars, laakiin sida ay xogta aan rasmi ahayn ka America. oo lagu daray A weyn in dalka helay ka dib "Black Thursday" - diidmo buuxda oo dhaqaalaha ku saabsan qaabka ceeriin iyo horumarinta firfircoon ee dhammaan qeybaha kala duwan ee hawlaha on goobta oo ilaa dhibaatada la keeno.