Band niobium:-soo-saarka, guryaha, codsiyada

Niobium - element kiimikada tirada qaaradda 41. Waxaa markii hore laga helay qarnigii XIX hore, laakiin ay aqoonsi dhigay 150 sano. Kaliya ee 1950, gacanta gaarka loo leeyahay ee miiska wareegsan ayaa loo qoondeeyay go'aanka Midowga Caalamiga ah ee Applied iyo eb Chemistry afka baarkiisa. Si aad u isticmaasho utility sida element ah in industry ee, waxaa la dhigay ka strip ah niobium. keligeed, waxa aan haysanin wax u gaar ah. Waxaa shaaca ay awood buuxda marka la samaynayo Alloys, xal ama darey kale.

fiirsato of niobium

Niobium ore kobcinta - habka aad u adag oo qaali ah. Tani waa sababta content ee Hal Tan oo dhagax weyn kama badna 24 grams. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, element ah ay sabab u tahay kiimikaad isku mid ah waa mid aad u adag in la kala saaro ka tantalum.

Under xaaladaha dabiiciga ah oo kaliya ee foomka filiqsanaa helay - dhagaxyada dhexdooda igneous iyo kiristaalo, iyo sidoo kale qayb ka mid ah macdanaha qaarkood - loparite pyrochlore, columbite-tantalite. Tani element nidaamka wareegsan waxaa bixiyay inta badan ka xeryahooda joogo. wax soo saarka niobium ka kooban tahay saddex marxaladood:

1. dhagaxyada qaliin la content sare ah qalabka niobium.
2. Branch of tantalum niobium, diyaarinta xeryahooda saafi ah.
3. Recovery iyo sifeynta oo ka mid ah biraha iyo Alloys ay ka nijaasta ahaa.

The salaysan wareegga wax soo saarka kor-heerkulka sare geedi socodka kaamerada la isticmaalayo aluminium, sodium ama carbon. Isla dharka budada niobium diyaariyey adigoo riixaya, sintering oo ah budada "xabadaha" in vacuo, iyo barafku arc electron-dogobka.

guryaha waxtar leh

Sababo la dabeecadihiisa u fiican oo niobium waxaa loo isticmaalaa in warshado badan. Si loo fududeeyo fulinta element aasaasiga ah ee caanaha ka kooban, ka dhigay alaabooyin kala duwan duuban, oo ay ku jiraan strip niobium. Walaxda firfircoon ugu weyn ee ay dhacdo in this waa carbide niobium, in uu saameyn ku faa'iido on sifooyinka farsamo ee qalabka. Waayo, dawooyinkii per ton of steel u baahan tahay oo kaliya 200 oo garaam oo niobium. daawaha keentay ayaa engegnaantiinna sare iyo ductility, friability hooseeyo, iska caabin ah daxalka wanaagsan. element loo isticmaalo biraha difaaca iyo non-ferrous, gaar ahaan aluminium, ka alkalis iyo acids.

Isticmaalka niobium

strip niobium waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida dopant ah si ay u abuuraan labada Alloys ka Biraha ferrous iyo ferrous. The codsiyada ugu weyn waa gantaal niobium, radio iyo injineernimada elektaroonik ah, dhismaha hay'adaha kiimiko, aeronautical iyo injineernimada astronautical.

Codsiga of macdan ah ama niobium saafi ah ay sabab u tahay dhowr ah oo hantida faa'iido. iyaga ka mid ah ay muujineysaa refractoriness, caabiga daxalka, kartida si loo kordhiyo iska caabin ah kulaylka ka mid ah maaddooyinka iyo awoodooda tabinta.

tayo gaar ah, taas oo uu leeyahay aaladda niobium ah ficil ahaan waa eber isotope dhexgalka ee uranium heerkulka a of ilaa 1100 degrees Celsius. Waxaa intaa dheer, eb leeyahay shucaaca macmal ah u hooseeya. Waxaas oo dhan ka dhigayaa ku haboon ilaalinta tigoodu nuclear, iyo sidoo kale weelal ee kaydinta shidaalka radioactive qaatay.

Production of niobium

Of niobium alaabta birta ah inta badan waa in ay la kulmaan baahida warshadaha nukliyeerka. Waxaa xuub diyaariyey xaggeeda xubno uranium iyo teplovyvodyaschih plutonium, weelasha loogu kaydsado Biraha dareere ah, hadhaaga qashinka nukliyarka. Products of niobium sameeyey isticmaalo si ay u abuuraan Kombuyuutarada waajib culus. waxaa la, yaraynta iska caabin ah ee kirishbooyada ah, oon ku helo cryotrons - xubno ka computer sverhvysokoprovodyaschie. In Austria, lacag iyo daawaha niobium loo isticmaalo Roomaanka ee lacagta birta ah ururiyaha.