Aron Raymon: cilmiga cilmiga

Aqoonyahan Faransiis asal ahaan Yuhuudda, Faylasuuf iyo sociologist, saynisyahan siyaasadeed, views siyaasadeed Liberal Aron Raymon waa aasaasihii hadda epistemological in falsafadda ah taariikhda, kuwaas oo taageerayaasha ahaayeen dhanka ah xaqiiqada ah in sheekada ayaa lagu fasiray in la eego positivism. Raymond qudhiisa ku dooday in adduunka oo deideologization sayniska. Waxa uu sidoo kale waa taageere u ahaa aragtida bulshada warshadaha. Aron Raymon ka qayb qaatay soo dhaweynta ah ee cilmiga Jarmal, tusaale ahaan, nidaamka fikradaha Max Weber ee France. Sida wariye, waxa uu ku qoran in ka badan 30 buugaagta. Muddo, waxay ahayd columnist siyaasadeed oo wargeyska "Le Figaro". Ku salaysan uu xukumay siyaasadeed, wuxuu aaminsan yahay in dawladda waa in la abuuro sharciyo xaqiijinaya doonaa xorriyad, sinnaan, distoor, iyo si loo hubiyo in ay fulinta.

Aron Raymon: Biography

saynisyahan The mustaqbalka waxa uu ku dhashay 1905 in Lorraine, in rambervillers, ina waddanka u soo guurey Yuhuudda, si buuxda u hayeyna galay deegaanka. Aabbihiis, Gustav Aron, wuxuu ahaa professor sharciga iyo hooyadiis - Syuzan Laawi - qof dumar ah oo cilmaani ah, hooyo a of Alsace. Si dhakhso ah qoyska u dhaqaaqay Paris.

Waxbarashada Aron Raymon jiray supérieure ku normale hôtelière. Halkanna wuxuu noqday ogyahay Jean-Paul Sartre. naftiisa oo dhan, waxay ahaayeen saaxiibo fiican, laakiin isku mar soo horjeeda caaqil. Raymond iftiimisay aqoontooda iyo imtixaanka ee falsafada at degree agrégé ururiyay tirada ugu badan ee dhibcood oo kaalinta koowaad ku guuleystay. sida runta ah Waxa uu ahaa tartan weyn! Dhanka kale, Sartre ma samatabbixin oo ku guuldareystay imtixaanka. At da'da 25, Raymond noqday dhakhtar falsafada taariikhda.

In Germany

Ka dib ka qalin Paris School Aron uu tegey Germany si Waanininaa jaamacadaha Cologne iyo Berlin. Halkan, wuxuu arkaa sida naasigii gubay buugga "smart". Waxay ahayd markaa in uu soo saaray carar ah in totalitarianism, iyo fashiistanimo. Marka xoogga ee Germany Hitler u yimid, oo wuxuu lahaa oo uu ku soo laabto France aawadood oo ah ammaankooda.

baridda

Oo wuxuu guriga ku soo laabtay, wuxuu bilaabay inuu wax baro falsafad bulshada iyo cilmiga ee Jaamacadda Le Havre (ma in lagu khaldo Harvard). Tan iyo 1934 ayaa la barayay qiyaastii 5 sano iyo shaqeeyay xoghayaha a at Normale hôtelière Supérieure, kaas oo mar ku dhameysatay.

Markaas Aron Raymon dhaqaaqay Toulouse, halkaas oo uu macalin on falsafada bulshada. Ka hor bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida uu ka qayb qaatay ee Paris shirka Walter Lippmann, magacaabay ka dib markii weriyaha caanka ah American. Kulankan caqli abaabulay by Louis Rougier.

Dagaalka nolosha Arona Raymona

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, ka hor inta uusan dhicin dagaalkii uu ahaa professor ah falsafada bulshada ee magaalada University of Toulouse. Tuuraya mustaqbalkiisa waxbaridda, intuu ku socday inuu hore in ay u adeegaan ee Ciidamada Cirka ee France, iyo ciidankii ka adkaadeen iyo dalka hooyo heystey naasiga ah, ayuu u tegey oo dhanka kale ah ee Channel ah, si Albion.

Halkan, waa ku xiga si ay dhaqdhaqaaqa "Dagaalka France", taas oo hoos jihada of Charles de Gaulle iyo taas oo ahayd dhaqmeen magazine waddani "Free France". Aaron noqday ay editor. dibadda Print, waxay ilaaliyaan staryutsya niyadda ah ee isku wadanka yihiin uu.

Raymond Aron: Marxaladaha horumarka oo fikirka ah cilmiga

Ka dib markii ay soo duulay Jarmal ka tago France, saynisyahan guriga ku soo laabtay iyo dib waxbaridda. Markan uu ku School Qaranka ee Maamulka, iyo sidoo kale in ay politissledovany Machadka Paris, halkaas oo uu ku bara cilmiga.

views cilmiga Hore ee Arona ka yar tahay saameynta ay neo (dugsiga Baden). In wuxuu qoray, ayuu ku dafiray sharciyada horumarinta bulshada oo kula wacdiyeyeen relativism daran in xuduud on irrationality.

Later uu isagu ka soo dhinacada ah ahmiyadda koowaad iyo relativism iska dhaqaaqay oo soo dhawaaday booska uu ka Max Weber in uu aragtida ah "noocyada ugu fiican" daraasadda taariikhda. In shuqulladiisa cilmiyeed ku saabsan taariikhda cilmiga, Aron Taageersanaa badnaanta muxaafidka Durkheim iyo Tocqueville. Waxa uu mar walba isku dayayaan si ay u abuuraan ah version "kale" ee Maadiga taariikhiga ah.

Madhabta Arona

Wuxuu ka mid ahaa qorayaasha of fikradda ah de-ideologization waa. Waxa uu qabtay jagada loo diido sharciyada taariikhiga xad Ujeedada, xidhiidhka ka Arab-xiriirka ee wax soo saarka iyo ciidamada wax soo saar leh, iyo sidoo kale fikirka ah dhaqaalaha iyo arrimaha bulshada formation.

Sociology Arona Raymona qaadataa wax ka mid ah cilmi-bulsho oo ka soo jeeda arrimo shakhsi ahaan, sida dhiirogelin, hanuuninta qiimaha maadooyin ficil, aragtida qof ayaa cilmi baarista. Habkan, sida ay fikradaha Arona, waa cusub, "non-fikirka" Aragti duwan ee bulshada. Waa aragti keliya ee saxda ah, tan iyo waxbarashada "jirta xaqiiqada."

Sida aynu hore u sheegnay, oo Haaruun waa aasaasihii aragtida guud ee bulshada oo dhan warshadaha. Isagu wuxuu isu raacsane a of Saint-Simon oo Long tixgeliyo oo badanaa loo iyaga.

The shaqo ugu caansan ee Raymond

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, waxa ay sidoo kale waa wariye, iyo qoraaga in ka badan 30 buugaagta, iyaga ka mid ah ugu caansan yahay "xashiishad ah waxgaradka". Raymond Aron ku qoray 1955. Waxay sameynayaan biyo firir ka. Muranka ku saabsan kitaabkan ha maanta ma joojin. Waxaa weli waa khuseeya.