Xilligan magnetic - guri asaasiga ah ee Qurub hoose

xilligan magnetic eb ah - jirka aasaasiga ah tiro dulinka, sifeeyay guryaha magnetic of shay kasta. Source of magnetism, sida ay aragti electromagnetic classical, microcurrents waxaa ka timi electron mooshin orbital. xilligan magnetic - waa feature ah oo lagamamaarmaan ah oo dhan, iyada oo aan marka laga reebo, Qurub hoose, nuclei, qolofka nuclear iyo electron ee u taagoo.

Magnetism, taas oo waa wax caadi ah oo dhan Qurub hoose, sida ay u shaqeyso galmada, ay sabab u tahay jiritaanka daqiiqad farsamo ay u yeedheen wareejin (dardar gaar ah nooca galmada farsamo). The guryaha magnetic of an la karsado wareejin xuduntii qaaradda ka kooban yahay qaybo muhimka ah - ee protons iyo neutrons. sanduuqa battariga Electronic (intra-falagiisuu) sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin daqiiqad magnetic, taas oo wadarta ka mid ah daqiiqado magnetic of electrons ku yaal.

In si kale loo dhigo, daqiiqado magnetic of Qurub hoose iyo orbitals qaaradda ay sabab u tahay saamaynta intra-galmada-farsamo, loo yaqaan dardar wareejin. saamayn Tani waa le'eg oo lagu dardar ku angular ee wareeg ku wareegsan dhidibka dhexe gaar ah. dardarta Lataliyihii waxaa lagu cabiraa joogto Planck ee - joogta aasaasiga ah ee aragtida galmada ah.

All neutrons, electrons iyo protons, kuwaas oo, dhab ahaantii, waxay ka kooban tahay la eb, sida ay Planck hantidaan wareejin siman ilaa ½. Dhismaha eb ee electrons ku orbiting nuclei ka Sokow dardar wareejin leedahay iyo orbital dardar angular. Core, inkasta oo degan meel ma guurto ah, sidoo kale waxa uu dardar angular, taas oo saamaynta wareejin ee nuclear.

duurka ku magnetic oo abuuraa joogo qaaradda magnetic waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa noocyo kala duwan oo dardar angular. Waxtarka ugu dareemi u field magnetic ka dhigaysa in ayna miiqdaan saamayn. Sida laga soo xigtay mabda'a saarida Pauli, sida laga soo xigtay oo laba electrons isku mid ma deggan karaa waqti isku mid ah ee gobolka ka mid ah galmada, electrons ku xidhay la midowdo falalkooda wareejin ay noqoto saadaasha baadinaayo horjeeda. Xaaladdan oo kale, xilligan magnetic of electron waa la dhimay, taas oo yaraynaysa guryaha magnetic of qaab-dhismeedka oo dhan. In unugyada qaar ka mid ah isagoo ah xitaa tirada electrons, markan waa la dhimay si eber, oo mar dambe ma maalkii leeyihiin guryaha magnetic. Sayidka, xilligan magnetic of Qurub hoose oo kala duwan ay leeyihiin saameyn toos ah ku leeyahay tayada magnetic oo dhan nidaamka qaaradda nuclear.

xubno Ferromagnetic tiro kisi ah ee electrons had iyo jeer waxay yeelan doonaan magnetism a nonzero sabab u electron ku unpaired. In xubno sida xirmi orbital ku xiga, iyo kulli daqiiqado wareejin ah electrons unpaired qaadan orientation isla meel, taas oo horseedaysa in ay guusha ee gobolka ugu hooseeya tamarta. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan dhexgalka is-dhaafsiga.

Iyadoo lays this ka mid ah daqiiqado magnetic of atamka ferromagnetic beer magnetic. A xubno paramagnetic ka kooban atamka la daqiiqado magnetic dawakhsan oo aan haysan ay duurka ku magnetic gaar ah. Laakiin haddii aad shaqayso iyaga on baxsan il of magnetism, daqiiqado magnetic of atamka ka waafajiyaan, iyo walxahaasi sidoo kale helaan guryaha magnetic.