Waa maxay Socialist Karelia Banaan Soviet Jamhuuriyadda?

Karelia Banaan Soviet Socialist Republic - waa jamhuuriyad hantiwadaagga, madaxbannaani ee yaroow iyo shaqaalaha, kaas oo jiray qarnigii XX ah soohdinta reer USSR gudahood. Gobolka labo jeer helay xaaladda this, ay sabab u tahay isku xigta ka mid ah dhacdooyinka military, isbadal siyaasadeed iyo dhaqan-dhaqaale.

sifooyinka dhaqaale Socio-iyo goobaha meeleed

Karelia ASSR - meel waqooyi-galbeed ee qaybta Yurub ee USSR. In galbeed waxay xuduud la Finland, oo xagga bari ka Badda White ah, oo ku yaalla koonfurta - Ladoga iyo Lake Onega. gargaarka ayaa buur ah waa la raad kala duwan oo ka mid ah cawaaqibka tallaabada of sitoos ah. khayraadka macdanta ayaa si weyn loo qaybiyey qalabka dhismaha (marmar ah, dhagax adag, dolomite, iwm), Iron dhadhaab, Miikaa. By heerarka gobolka Midowga Soviet waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay halkii ay dib ugu horumarinta dhaqaalaha tan iyo dhulkeeda aan ahaa goobaha warshadaha waaweyn. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, quruunta -Gudoomiyaha Jamhuuriyadda, ka Finno-Ugric dadyowga (Veps, Karelians, Finns) waxaa dhab ahaan kor u dhigay qayb ka mid yar ee dadweynaha (30%).

Republic in nabadda

Ilaha iyo taariikheeya waxaa laga yaabaa in qaar ka mid ah wada qasnayd; Socialist Karelia Banaan Soofiyeeti Republic, ama? Si loo go'aamiyo doorashada waa xaq, waa in aad fahamto transformations ee taxanaha ah. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii sokeeye ee Labor Karelia ku hadla waxaa lagu qabanqaabiyaa Russia. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay sida qaybta maamulka iyo dhulka USSR waxa la beddelaa Karelia Banaan Soviet Socialist Republic. The salaysan waayo, kanu wuxuu ahaa amar Guddiga Fulinta ee Central, saxiixay July 25, 1923 Ka dib markii la ansaxiyo cusub Dastuurka USSR, December 5, 1936, magaca beddelmay in Karelia Banaan Soviet Socialist Republic ah.

June 17, 1937 jubbadda ugu horeysay oo hub ah ee Jamhuuriyadda la soo bandhigay, oo waxay lahayd qorraa saddex luqadood: Ruush, Karelia iyo Finnish. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, December 29, 1937 waxaa loo oggolaaday in ay version beddelay oo aan dhigyo dambe ee. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u bilaabi gobolka cadaadis dhanka ah dadka Finnish.

Maydadka maamulka ee Jamhuuriyadda

tallaabo muhiim ahaa dhismaha maamulka xisbiga iyo xukuumadda, sida dhul, taas oo qayb ka ah RSFSR noqday. Karelia ASSR waxaa loo qoondeeyay xaaladda ah unit madax banaan maamul-gobolleed, sidaa darteed madaxa awoodda fulinta ahaa Golaha Commissars Dadka, iyo qalab xisbiga ayaa ku urursan xubnaha dhexe ee xisbiga Jamhuuriga ah ee golaha dhexe ee CPSU ah (b) (a muddada gaar ah - CP CC (b)).

In muddo guudahaan mashiinada Sovnarkoma ayaa bedelay Wasaaradda, oo ay ku jiraan beerta ku. Isbadal taabtay Jamhuuriyadda iyo madaxbannaani kasta, taas oo qayb ka mid ah ahaa USSR. Hay'adaha Central aagga daraasadda waxaa madax u ah Wasiirka ASSR Karelia ah.

hawlgallada mileteri ee dalka

maado si joogta ah Location noqday block lagu turunturoodo gaaro danaha dalalka deriska ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, dayrta ee 1939, markii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida bilaabay, arrinta ammaanka ee Leningrad iyo degaanka ku hareereysan ayaa si xoojiyey. Fogaan ah oo ku saabsan 25 km magaalada ka ahaa Soviet xadka gobolka la Finland. Iyada oo duulaankii si toos ah dhulka ka mid ah ciidamada Yurub ee dalka ka mid ah quruumaha dagaallamaya of Europe noqday duqeyn aad u dhabta ah dab si toos ah. Waxa uu abuuri kartaa kala ooday si Navy Soofiyeeti, oo ku yaalla Kronstadt, rasaas qoryaha, ku yaalaan on line ah soohdinta aad u wanaagsan weerari karaan goobaha warshadaha ee Leningrad. Si looga hortago dhacdadaas oo kale, hoggaanka Soviet ee October 1939 Yimaadeen tiro ka mid ah soo jeedinta ee Finland, waxaa ku dhex jirtay is-dhaafsiga ee dhulal. Gaar ahaan gobolka la deriska ah waxaa loo baahan yahay in la siiyo nus ka mid ah halkay ku Karelia iyo jasiirado badan ee Gacanka Finland. Taa baddalkeeda, Midowga Soofiyeeti ballan qaaday in ay dhali Karelia, degaanka taas oo ahayd laba jeer ka badan. Finland ma ay aqbalin shuruudahan, iyo wada xaajoodka u dhexeeya dalalka yihiin koobku.

isbeddeladda Degaanadda

November 30, 1939, si buuxda u fahamsan rajo ka mid ah xaaladda, Midowga Soviet bilaaban dagaalka Soviet-Finnish, kaas oo sidoo kale noqday kuwa loo yaqaan War Winter ah. Horeba on 1 December, ayuu saxiixay ugu horeysay "Heshiiska Saaxiibtinimada iyo Assistance Mutual dhexeeya USSR iyo Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ee Finland." Ayuu Qorsheeyay xuduudaha cusub in ay soo saaraan dhismaha qalcad ah soohdinta. Sidaa darteed, shuruudaha heshiiska ahayd aqoonsiga badh of territory Finnish Karelia. dhammaadkii dagaalkii Winter ee March 1940, markii Soviet Moscow ee, dhinacyada dagaalamaya saxiixay heshiis nabadeed. Midowga Soofiyeeti wuxuu ahaa ugu asturidda Jasiiradda saldhigga ciidamada Hanko iyo meel bur burka koonfurta-galbeed ee Jasiiradda, oo ay ka mid Kexholm, Sortavala, Vyborg, Suojärvi qayb horjeeda kaniisadda ee bariga si wadajir ah ula tuulooyinka iyo Alakurtti Kuolajärvi.

laba iyo tobnaad Republic

Tan iyo markii April 1940, ASSR Karelia la beddelaa Karelia-Finnish sii buurayn. Iyada oo la raacayo shuruudaha Peace Moscow ee Treaty ee ay ka kooban aag aad u ballaaran ee Finland ayaa lagu soo daray.

Isbadal Administrative-dhuleed kordhay xaaladda gobolka iyo sharciga ah ee Jamhuuriyadda iyo balaariyay xuquuqda dadweynaha, horumarinta dhaqan-dhaqaale iyo dhaqanka. Ka dib markii qaab beddelidda, madaxbannaani ah Karelia in buurayn Lithuanian ah July 8, 1940 jaakad cusub ee hubka la aasaasay.

Karelia-Finnish buurayn noqday dhul ah oo uu dagaal xooggan oo dagaalka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Nazi Germany. In 1941, qayb weyn oo ka mid ah oo dalka la heystey oo la sii daayay xagaagii 1944.

dhibcood City Karelia ASSR

Small by deegaanka ahaa ASSR Karelia ah. Magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka ay yar yihiin tiro badan oo ahaa Finnish, magaca Karelia. xarunta maamulka ee Jamhuuriyadda waa Petrozavodsk ah. Waxa uu hore u ahaa wakhtigaas ahayd magaalada ugu wayn. Xaaladda xarunta maamulka ee Petrozavodsk hadda waa. magaalada labaad ee hoos jooge Jamhuuriga ee Sortavala ahaa. Karelia ASSR lahaa ku saabsan dersin magaalooyinka ah hoos jooge gobolka. Waxaa Belomorsk, Kem, Kondopoga, Lahdenpohja Medvezhegorsk, Olonets, Pitkäranta Pudozh, Segezha, Suojärvi.

Sida laga soo xigtay sharciga Jamhuuriga ee koontada magaalooyinkii ahaa iska caadi ah. Karelia Banaan Soviet Socialist Republic of Gobolka dib ugu waxaa si tartiib ah loo beddelaa meel dheeraad ah oo horumaray, sababta daryeeli ku saabsan muwaadiniinta, kuwaas oo doonaya in la hagaajiyo xaaladaha ay ku nool, waxay ahayd ma in meesha la soo dhaafay.

Recovery of xaaladda

Dhimashada I. V. Stalina ee 1953 iyo dhacdooyinka la socday dabeecadda siyaasadeed, dhaqan-dhaqaale, dhaqanka iyo fikirka si toos ah u saameeyeen ee masiirka iyo muwaadiniinta caadiga ah, iyo meesha oo dhan. booska Jamhuuriyadda Karelia-Finnish gudahood USSR ayaa mar labaad dib loo eegay. Sida laga soo xigtay Qadarka ee Soviet Sare ee USSR ah u noqday in xaaladda madaxbannaani in June 16, 1956 mar kale iyana waxay noqotay qayb ka mid ah RSFSR ah, laakiin horyaalka laga badiyay erayga "Finnish".

Marka mowduucan waxaa habayn, waxaa jiray kaftan ah: "... Jamhuuriyadda la baabiiyo, sababtoo ah waxa ay heleen laba Finns - fininspektora iyo Finkelstein."

Astaanta A of territory goboleedka nadiifinta dhalashadii labaad noqday calan goboleed oo ka mid ah RSFSR, kaas oo soo gaaray fariimihii dheeraad ah ee Ruush iyo af Finnish ah.

In la xidhiidha soo wareejinta ee buurayn Lithuanian ee madaxbannaani ee August 20, 1956, iyadoo isbedelo yar yar ahaa dib jubbadda Republic hore ee hubka. cilmi qaarkood waa dhiiran tahay in ay aaminsan yihiin in dhacdadan la go'aamiyo qaddar ee dhulka tobanaan sano in ay yimaadaan. Karelia Banaan Soviet Socialist Republic jiray ilaa 1991-kii. Waxa dhici, gobolka laga yaabaa inuu noqdo wadan gaar ah oo madax banaan, laakiin waa raadinta ah ee RSFSR waa sababta uu - unit maamul-gobolleed, mawduuca of Russia maanta, taas oo uu leeyahay xaaladda Jamhuuriyadda, loo yaqaan Karelia. Its caasimada weli waa magaaladii Petrozavodsk.