The telefishanka midabka ugu horeysay. Maxay ahayd magaca television midabka Soviet ugu horeysay?

nolosha casriga ah waa la qiyaasi karo iyada oo aan TV-ga. Way adag tahay in ay aaminsan yihiin in mar telefishanka ma jirin. The images warbaahinta marka hore meel fog ka soo muuqday ee 1880 fog, iyo telefishinada ka dibna waxay ahaayeen electro. Waxa ay ahayd oo keliya in 1907 waxaa jiray habka gudbinta a korontada ee image ah, iyo in 1932 Americans ku abuurtay television electronic. Wax yar ka dib ku dayashada ugu horreeyay ee madow iyo caddaan, saynisyahano yeelatay TV midabka ugu horeysay. midabada madow iyo caddaan ah ayaa looma oggola in ay si buuxda u raaxaystaan quruxda dunida ka baxsan. sidaas awowayaashayo dhigay hore ee shaashadda TV film saddex-midab, isku dayayaan in ay ballaadhiyaan uugu midabka ah ee image ah.

The design ugu horeysay tiga

Dhammaadkii qarnigii hindisa Ruush sagaal, injineer-tiknoolajiyadda Alexander Polumordvinov warar xan ah oo ku saabsan suurtagalnimada of TV midabka. Waxa uu ku guuleystay dhamaadka 1899 si aad u hesho patent ah oo ku saabsan nidaamka television dhab ah multi-midab. Nidaamkan waa analog hadda ah. In taariikhda oo dhan waxaa la yaqaano oo ku saabsan shan iyo labaatan mashaariicda gudbinta midabka hormarsataan by alifay kala duwan. Alexander Polumordvinov soo jeediyay aragtida ah ee view saddex-midab. Tani aragtida aragtida midabka la odhan jiray Jaamacadda-Young-Gelmgontsa.

nuxurka aragtida ah ee midabada

dhibic ka mid ah aragtida this waa in iyada oo la isticmaalayo filter a (saddex-color), laga heli by image a multi-midab of noocyo kala duwan oo midabo. midabada Kuwani - cas, buluug iyo cagaar - waxaa loo isticmaalaa in aannu mar.

Si aad u hesho sawirka, laba saxannada isticmaalo. Waxay isku shaandheyn xawaare kala duwan ee isku midka ah. In booska ugu horeysay drive dhigay hareeraha khadadka ee gacan ka, in uu yahay, xarunta cidhifka, iyo cut labaad iyada oo dillaac ah ee foomka of muquuninta logardam ah. tirada boosaska waa badan saddex.

Marka farqiga labada saxannada daboolaa, wuxuu ahaa furitaanka rhomboidal diyaar, kaas oo ciidamo xubin ka inta lagu guda jiro drive wareeg. Si aad u hesho sequentially signal sanam la xiray jeex jeexi filtarrada. Waxay yihiin dhar guduudan, oo cagaaran, iyo kuwo gaduud midabada. Iyada oo iftiin photocell selenium in xaday daloolkan diamond-NRC, beddelay signal koronto. Inta u dhaxaysa qiyaas sanamkii muuqaal ah in la kala qaado iyo photocell ah waqti bareeg kasta waxaa ku yaal mid ka mid ah furitaanka in uu ahaa filter midabka xiran midabka kasta. Isla mar marka furitaanka ridday ka baxsan image jir wareejiyay furitaanka kale dhinaca ka soo horjeeda, kaas oo la socdo meelo kale meel fog ka siman yihiin in ay width farqiga. godka waxaa la daboolay filter kale midabka ah ee midab ka duwan.

Waxaan u ogaato marka TV midabka ugu horeysay

Mashruuca television midabka qaadataa Adamyar, Zworykin iyo alifay kale oo badan. Ogow waxa telefishanka color marka hore u muuqday in dunida, waa inaad la xiriirtaa in konton konton ah, markii shirkadda Maraykanka RCA sii daayay TV-ga midabka ugu horeysay baahiyaa CBS Rx-40, kaas oo lahaa scan gacanta. size screen waxa uu ahaa 14 ilaa 10 cm ee isaga ka soo hor dhigay disc leh filtarrada, kaas oo lahaa matoor koronto beehsa. Laakiin tayada sawirka ahaa mid aad u liita. In Russia, TV-ga midabka marka hore la sii daayay 1954 magaaladii Leningrad. Magaca model ah - "Rainbow". Faa'iidada of TV ee Soviet ahaa in disk ku qoqobada qarsoonaa ee jirka. Sidoo kale, aqbalana telefishanka ayaa ah muraayada weyneysada sare ee caag laga sameeyey, oo waxaa ka buuxsamay biyo arimaha debeda.

Horumarinta iskaanka elektarooniga ah

In 1950 lagu sameeyey CRT saddex qoryaha electron, xagal 120 digrii eego midba midka kale. TV waxa uu leeyahay scan elektaroonik ah oo kinescope maaskaro daboolay lyuminosforom Muuse. Saddex dogob soo baxay saddex cathodes (qori) ah iyo in la tago "maaskaro". Next alwaaxdii saqafka haysay gal screen iyo qaybaha waxaa lagu shiday midabada cagaaran, oo cas oo buluug ah.

muddo Westinghouse

Sida ay mabda this 1954, Westinghouse soo bandhigay TV-ga midabka hore iyo waxa ay soo gudbiyeen for sale sida N840SK15 model ah. Laakiin shan boqol iyo soddon saaray iibin bishii la soo dhaafay, inta badan way joogi unsold. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u tahay qiimaha sare ee failure - 1295 oo doolar, marka la eego lacagta maanta - 11,200 oo doolar. Ma aha xitaa ka caawiyay shirkadda advertising ah in ayaa rajeynaya in la abuuro rabitaan xoog leh si ay u iibsadaan television midabka ugu horeysay ee adduunka ee. Sidoo kale, TV-ga midabka marka hore ma ahayd lagama maarmaan, maxaa yeelay irrelevance, maxaa yeelay, inta badan la isugu gudbiyo waxa lagu tilmaamayaa in madow iyo caddaan.

brand TV Labaad

caan sii kordheysa riyaaqay RCA CT-100, sii daayay bishii April 1954. Waxay ahayd serial ugu horeysay TV midabka. Its screen waa 12 inches. Waxaa iibin 5,000 kharashka TV $ 1,000. Dhowr usbuuc ka dib, shirkadda isku sii daayay telefishanka RCA la daah 15 inches. daydo Later la soo bandhigay leh screens 19- iyo 20-inch.

Sayidka bilaabay horumar degdeg ah telefishinada iyo aad u badan oo horumarsan. suuqa TV midabka ayaa waxaa loo kordhiyay iyo waxa ay hadda gartaan markii ay telefishannada midabka, taariikhyahanadu qaar ka mid ah soo wac taariikhaha kala duwan. Laakiin xaqiiqda ah ay weli tahay - waxay u muuqday muuqaalada cusub, muuqaalada bedelay. Electric Company General iibin telefishinada la dadab 15 inches $ 1,000, iyo Sylvania for 1150. shirkadaha Qaar ka mid ah ugu deeqay nooc TV kirada. Sida Emerson kirada bishii kowaad ee qaadan lahaa laba boqol oo doolar, iyo kharashka ku xiga u yar sida $ 75. Dheeraad ah oo ku kulmay qiimaha $ 795 for model leh dadab 21 inches. Oo mid ka mid boqol iyo konton kun oo nooc TV midabka la iibiyey by dhamaadka 1957. noocyo badan TV Waxaa la soo saaray ee demoqaraadiyad ah, kaas oo ka mid ahaa "Rainbow" iyo "saxid". In ka todobaatanaadkii hore kordhiyay tirada la isugu gudbiyo midabka ee dalka Mareykanka, kharashka telefishanka ayaa si weyn hoos u dhacay. Sannadkii 1967, Midowga Soofiyeeti lahaa iibsiga midabka ugu horreeya ee caadiga ah SECAM, iyo khaanadaha muuqday telefishinka midabka Soviet ugu horeysay, waxa la odhan jiray "Rubin-401." Waxa uu ahaa gabi ahaanba horumarka Soviet.

Horumarinta ee television in USSR

iibka bulk of telefishinada la image midabka ah ee Midowga Soofiyeeti a yimid todobaatanaadkii ah. Sida TV a "Electron" waxa uu ahaa size ee 77.5 * 55 * 55 cm. TV Tani waa qayb ka mid ah ay ka buuxaan gudaha, maxaa yeelay, sidoo kale waxaa la isticmaalaa sida shelf a. "Electron" dadab of 59 cm iyo miisaanka 65 kg. jirka TV ayaa waxaa lagu daboolayaa qoryo iyo varnish qiimo leh.

Horaantii, bishii February 1957, Golaha Wasiirrada go'aansaday in 1958 bilaabay baahinta nidaamka wadajirka ah. Shabolovka bishii November 1958 waxaa laga dhigay OSTST-2. Oo January 1960, waxay bilowday baahinta joogto ah nidaamka NTSC ah. Inkasta oo kaliya labo ka mid ah dhirta ugu hawlan yahay wax soo saarka ee telefishinada. Waxaa Leningrad Plant. Kozitskogo - "Rainbow" iyo warshad raadiyaha ee Moscow - "saxid-22". In iibinta telefishannada ayaa weli helin, inkasta oo ay 4000 xabbadood ayaa la soo saaray.

The warbaahinta midabka ugu horeysay

The warbaahinta gudbinta color marka hore ka dhacay 1967, November 7 illaa saxiixday heshiis ku saabsan iskaashiga ka mid ah USSR iyo France. Nidaamka Faransiis la odhan jiray SECAM. TV marka hore midabka Mark ayaa sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa Faransiis - KFT.

Sannadkii 1967 ayuu u muuqday "Rubin-714," taas oo ahayd ugu caansan wakhtigaas, sida size screen horeba waa loo siman yahay si ay 61 cm.

muddo dheer oo telefishannada midabka la iibiyey, qiimo yar in ay bixiyaan iibsada fursad si aad u hesho TV midab qiimo ah la awoodi karo oo la mahadiyo faa'iidooyinka.

By dhamaadka tiris ah ayaa lagu iibin agagaarka konton milyan qaybood TV midabka ee USSR ah, sida alifay si ay u horumariyaan iyo aad u badan lagu daydo cusub farsamo jecel.

Telefishinada Qaabdhismeedka 70-80 sano

Jirka gudihiisa ka tagay nahodilisya transformer, goobaha awood, raadiyaha iyo channel xulista, iyo hoose ee midabka unit ku yaaliin iyo unit keenida. Si aad xaq u ahaa wuxuu ku faahfaahsan ugu khatarta badan oo xoog leh - baaritaano block iyo laambadaheedii a high-voltage, la gudbiyeyaasha danab. TV qaaday kala duwan oo mitir. Waayo helo channel UHF ah waxaa la sii daayay horgale, kaas oo diinta channels ee mid ka mid ah mitir. unugyada SKD Later sii daayay, kuwaas oo ay jiraan ilaa bartamihii sagaashankii-, waa ku dhawaad labaatan sannadood.

Tallaabada xigta ayaa ahayd in ay u guuraan transistors ah, waxaa laga soo ururiyey chips ah. Lamps mar dambe loo isticmaalo. Telefishinada helayso size yar iyo technology sare. Haddaba saarayaasha jira tiro badan ee telefishanka of iskeel oo kala duwan. Fursadaha TV kordhaya sanad kasta - horumar meeshan jirin.