Silsilad polymerase reaction oo ay dabeecadda iyo baaxadda

reaction silsilad polymerase (PCR) - hab ka mid ah bayoolaji kelli, kaas oo u ogolaanaya si loo ogaado in tiro wax noolaha yar oo acid deoxyribonucleic (DNA), ama halkii, qaar ka mid ah jajabkii, iyo iyaga, Laban laab badan. Ka dibna waxay la aqoonsaday aragga by electrophoresis gel. falcelinta loo sameeyay 1983 by K. Mullis oo ka mid ah liiska daahfurtay u fiican oo sannadihii la soo dhaafay.

Waa maxay PCR habab ka

nidaamka oo dhan wuxuu ku salaysan yahay awoodda acids nucleic in ay is-faa'ideysan, in haddii ay taasi ku qabtay kiimikaysan shaybaarka. taranka DNA ma bilaabi karaan gobolka mid ka mid ah Britain, laakiin kaliya meelaha la isku xigxiga oo gaar ah oo nucleotides - jajabkii ka bilaabo. Si reaction polymerase silsiladda ayaa bilaabay, waxaan u baahan nahay Primer (ama DNA probes). Kuwani waa jajabkii gaaban isku xigxigta, DNA la isku xigxiga oo nucleotide siiyey. Waxay waa kaabaha (i.e., oo u dhiganta) bilowga qaybo DNA muunad.

Dabcan, si ay u abuuraan primers, saynisyahano waa barato isku xigxiga ee nucleotides ah acid nucleic, taasoo ku lug leh nidaamka. probes DNA Kuwani hubiyo cayimayo oo ka mid ah fal-celin iyo bilow. reaction silsilad polymerase tegi maayo, haddii saamiga aanay helin ugu yaraan hal Britain ee DNA la doonayo. Guud ahaan, dareen-celin u baahan yahay ee kor ku xusan primers, set oo ah nucleotides, kulaylka DNA polymerase u adkaysta. Arintaan waa enzyme ah - reactions horseed ee Avv ee u taagoo cusub acid nucleic si muunad ahaan ah. All of walxahan waxay, oo ay ku jirto arrinta noolaha, taas oo loo baahan yahay in la ogaado DNA lagu daro galay isku dar dareen-celin (xal). Waxaa la dhigayaa in darmuus gaar ah u qabata ay kululaynta aad u degdeg ah iyo qaboojinta gudahood waqtiga loo cayimay - wareegga. Waxay caadi ahaan 30-50 yihiin.

Sidee tahay ficil-this

Nuxurka of this waa in inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah wareegga, primers ku xiran yihiin in ay qayb ka mid ah DNA la doonayo, ka dib markii taas oo katari laban laabmay by eulayska. Iyadoo uu sal u keentay qaybood DNA dhexsameeysmo wareegyada xiga dheeraad ah oo gogo 'oo dheeraad ah ee u taagoo isku mid.

reaction silsilad polymerase waxaa si joogto ah u soo kabsaday socda tallaabooyinka ay. Waxaa lagu gartaa marka hore laban laabmay cadadka alaabta lagu jiro wareegga kasta oo kululaynta iyo qaboojinta. In talaabada labaad ee falcelinta dhacdaa deceleration tan iyo enzyme waa dhaawacan iyo lumiya hawl. Intaa waxaa dheer, kaydka dhammaaday ee nucleotides iyo primers. In marxaladda soo dhaafay - banka - badeecada ma aha mar dambe ku ururto sida reagents badan.

Xaggee loo isticmaalo

Waxaa sugan, falcelinta ballaaran polymerase codsiga silsilad ka heli daawada iyo sayniska. Waxa loo isticmaalaa in biology dadweynaha iyo kuwa gaarka, caafimaadka xoolaha, farmashiye, iyo xataa ecology. Halka dambe ee ay qabanayaan si loo ilaaliyo tayada cuntada iyo waxyaabaha deegaanka. Si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa reaction silsilad polymerase ku dhaqanka foreensiga si loo xaqiijiyo aabbanimada iyo aqoonsiga aqoonsiga qofka. In kimikada daaweynta, iyo sidoo kale in paleontology, inta badan habkan waa jidka keliya, maxaa yeelay, inta badan waa la heli karo waxbarasho ee tiro aad u yar oo ah DNA. Dabcan, hab aad loo isticmaalo waxaa laga helaa dhaqanka ee dawada. Wuxuu u baahan yahay, iyada oo meelaha sida genetics, faafa iyo cudurrada oncological.