Saliid Engine for matoorada naaftada turbocharger. Taas oo saliid ah matoorada naaftada la turbocharging fiican?

Horumarinta engine turbocharged on shidaalka naaftada, saarayaasha ayaa ka dhigay abuurka ah ee shidaalka matoor waa ineysan oo kale. At turbochargers ugu horeysay la isticmaalay si loo kordhiyo awoodda ka-engine ku sari gudaha in Ciidamada Cirka ee horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad. Waayo, baabuur ayuu galay wax soo saarka mass ilaa 1978.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay la socdaan kordhay hoos motor khayraadka awoodda. Sidaa darteed, saliid gaar ah matoorada naaftada la turbocharging.

The qalab iyo mabda 'hawlgalka

tallaabo ee engine ku salaysan tamarta qaaca. From dhululubo ah, waxay si toos ah ay u impeller marawaxadaha ah, marawaxadaha waa wareegto kombaresarada ah. Waxaa soo baxday in halkan, si ka duwan matoorada shidaal, hawada waxaa bixisey cadaadis kacsantahay. mugga hawada ee dhululubo koror ah, oo leh awood mugga shidaalka gubanaya a waxaa kor u kacay in ay shan iyo labaatan boqolkiiba.

In hawada gala isticmaalka lifaaqan dhululubo weyn - intercooler. Waxaa qaboobeyso hawada ka hor soo galo engine ah. Sayidka, ku isticmaalka shidaalka gaar ah waa la dhimay iyo maalkaaga ku sii korodhsatay, oo waxaa lagu gaarayaa ku dhowaad oo aan sii kordhaya size unugga iyo tirada markooda.

Waxaa cad in matoorrada waxay u baahan hab gaar ah. In Russia, darawallada iyo aad u badan waxay door bidaan inay soo iibsadaan Mudanayaasha la mid ah. Laakiin qof kasta oo aan og yahay sida ay u si fiican u shaqeeyaan naaftada turbo ah. Tixgeli tabo dhowr ah inuu kaa caawiyo inaad badbaadiyo nolosha adeeg dheer unugga.

heerka saliidda waa in ay gacanta ku

All matoorrada si xun u saamayn ku gaajo saliid. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waayo, engine naaftada saliid turbo ah ka ciyaartaa door muhiim ah. Waxyaabaha kale, waxay lubricated turbocharger dhalista. Marka heerka dareeraha ah waa mid aad u yar yahay, waxay si fudud ay waxyeello.

Sidaa darteed, heerka saliidda ee engine ah ee waa in la hubiyaa inta badan ee suurtogalka. Haddii ay jirto gabaabsi, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si degdeg ah ka samaysan, waxaa ka. Sidoo kale, hubi inaad ogaato sababta hoos u deg deg ah ee heer oo la saxo.

Tayada dheecaan cabbeeyo

Oil for turbo-naaftada u leeyihiin in ay ka mid noqon tayo sare leh. Iyada oo ku saleysan doorka gaarka ah u ciyaaraa nolosha motor ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la fahmo in tayo liita waxaa Cadaabka doonaan dhimasho la'ahay. Ha illoobin: Halabuurka ee matoorada baatrool waa ka naaftada kala duwan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa wax aan macquul aheyn in ay isku daraan labeen ku nafwaayay kala duwan (dhimaya this, ka eeg hoos).

Talooyin kale ee hawlgalka ee naaftada turbo

Halkan waxaa ku tabo dhowr ah, non-saliid, laakiin waa in la raaco.

tayada shidaalka waa in sare. Haddii aanay ahayn sida, u xidhmin doonaa nidaam lagu shido, iyo xoogga la dhimi doonaa. Sidaas darteed, marawaxadaha u yeelan doonaan in ay ka shaqeeyaan xawaaraha ugu sareeya, kaas oo hoos u dhigi doonto nolosha.

Ma aha markii peregazovyvayte engine la bilaabay. Tani waa run gaar ah kuwa aan bilaabi nidaamka (stop). Marka baydalka la isku soo riixayo in load marawaxadaha waxaa laga codsadaa, waxaa bilaabo inuu isku shaandheyn, laakiin aan lahayn saliid, sida dambe ma haysan waqti ay ku sameeyaan. Tani waxay keenaysaa in kuus kuus Xiro deg deg ah.

Waxaa lagu talinayaa in fuushan xawaare dhexdhexaad ah. Operation xowliga yar muddo dheer laga mamnuucay. Ka dib markii marawaxadaha ah waxaa loogu talagalay xamuulka sare. Sidaa darteed, waqti ka waqti, waa suurad wacan si ay u shaqeeyaan, iyo xawaaraha ugu sareeya. Sidaas kor loogu qaado habka bilowday nadiifiyaa, taas oo kordhinaysa nolosha hawsheeda.

Waxaad ma damin kartaa engine isla markiiba ka dib joojinta, sida impeller marawaxadaha ay sii wadi doonto in ay isku shaandheyn, iyo saliidda engine naaftada la turbo ah hore u joojin in la siiyo nidaamka.

fuushaan aadka loo baahnayn ee aan waxtar lahayn. Nus saac ah ee shaqada this waa ku filan si ay "dili" motor ah, sida ay taasi dhacdo marawaxadaha zakoksovka. Waxa kale oo lagu bilaabi karaa saliid dillaac galay dhululubada ah, taas oo ah sababta faahfaahinta group qalab lagu Halaagsamay doonaa.

dayactirka waqtiyeysan si gaar ah muhiim u ah engine naaftada turbocharged. Muddada ay marinka ka yar unugyada atmosfeerta, sida xamuulka sare u baahan saliid dheeraad ah oo cusub iyo filter cusub.

sifooyinka Main saliidda

By iibsiga jilciyaha, darawallada lacag bixisid si aad tiro ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha dareenka.

The dhimaya ugu muhiimsan waa ku nafwaayay ah, in uu yahay, socodka saliidda ee. Waxay ku xiran tahay heerkulka. index nafwaayay sare waxay muujinaysaa isbedelka yar la isbedbedelka cimilada.

mitidiin ah waxaa loo yaqaan tilmaame, kuna waari dhexdeeda markii labo ka mid ah bandhigga dab ka dhacaan.

Ku shub dhibic waa hooseeya marka ma aha si buuxda u lumiya flowability (la calaameeyay markii tuubooyinka rabitaan).

In hawlgalka, iyo jiritaanka daro kala duwan dhacdaa habka lagu qayilo markii la aasaasay waxyaabaha cawaaqib xumadoodu iyo acidic. In shaybaarka diyaariyey iyo falanqeeyay saldhig total iyo lambarka acid. From tilmaamayaashan ku salaysan yihiin xisaabinta dhexdhexaadnimada saliid.

dufan saldhig

In saliidda ku salaysan yihiin:

• macdanta,
• semisynthetic;
• dardaro.

Recently, darawallada iyo aad u badan waxay door bidaan synthetics. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, macdanta fiican cabbeeyo dareeraha si fiican u awoodaan si ay ula qabsadaan hawlaha cimilooyinka diiran. Laakiin in ay ka shaqeeyaan marka heerkulku hooseeyo waxaa wanaagsan in aan si ay u tagaan waa. saliid wuxuu ka kooban yahay wax soo saarka batroolka.

Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah saliidda matoorada naaftada leh turbo-eedeeyay macdanta ku salaysan waxaa loo arkaa wanaag, Castrol GTX (fasalada ku nafwaayay kala duwan), "Lukoil Vanguard Professional LA ah", "Lukoil Vanguard Ultra", "oo joogto ah Suprotec Active", "Diesel Active Plus" iyo kuwa kale.

Semisynthetics waa isku dar ah ee macdanta iyo saldhig dardaro. Waxaa horay loo isticmaali karaa sanadka oo dhan. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in saliid ah semi-dardaro engine for matoorada turbocharged: Statoil MultyWay, "Lukoil Vanguard", Castrol Magnatec iyo wixii la mid ah.

saldhig dardaro waa gebi ahaanba aan dabiici ahayn. Waxaa ugu qaalisan oo waxaa loo arkaa inay tayo fiican. Laakiin waxaa la fahamsan yahay in iniinahoodu ku dhex jiraan, ma aha ballanqaad helitaanka qaab fiican dardaro. Waxa intaa dheer in salka, tiro ka mid ah oo xuduudaheedu kale ee la xiriira u baahan tahay in la tixgeliyo.

Waxaan ku talin karaa saliidda soo socda dardaro for matoorada naaftada la turbocharging: ZIC XQ5000, Castrol Edge Sport, "Lukoil Vanguard Professional", Shell Helix Ultra iyo kuwa kale.

lagu daro

Waxa intaa dheer in database ah, waxaa jira supplements gaar ah oo waxaa la yiraahdaa daro. Waxay la rumeysan yahay in ay hagaajiyaan guryaha of saliidaha. Lagu daro waxaa ka mid ah saamaynta kala duwan:

• noocyada antioxidant joojiso habka lagu qayilo, oo
• dhaqashada - ku daahir by engine ah;
• dispersants - hortago formation of buurbuur;
• film anticorrosion aasaasay on qaybaha oo aan sheegin horumarinta miridhku;
• foomka anti filim ka ilaaliya dusha sare ee qaybaha;
• EP abuuro film ah oo ka joojinaysa burrs.

Sidoo kale waxaa jira lagu daro in la yareeyo ku shub dhibic, improvers ku nafwaayay, iyo wixii la mid ah. Oo waxaan iyaga u dhan isticmaali karaa? Dabcan ma. saliid Motor for matoorada naaftada la turbocharging, iyo sidoo kale saliid kasta oo kale, mar hore waxay leedahay qaybaha lagama maarmaanka ah ee ay ka kooban. Sidaa darteed, in ay lacag ku bixiyaan shirkadaha dallacaadaha - saarayaasha ee lagu daro ama ma, xalliyaan milkiilaha gaariga.

kala soocidda

Waxaa jira kala saaro kala duwan ee dareeraha cabbeeyo. Waxay ku kala duwan yihiin fasalka ku nafwaayay, waxqabadka, xilliyada.

kala soocidda qoyska ayaa guests kala. Laakiin waxay Jinnigu u dhawaadeen darawallada ma oga. kala soocidda ugu badan ee dibada: SAE, API, ACEA iyo CCMC. dambe waxaa ku taariikhaysan, laakiin weli waxaa laga heli karaa ilo qaar ka mid ah.

SAE

SAE oo muujinaysa isticmaalka saliid heerkulka atmosfeerta. Macnaha halkan, waxaa jira lix fasal shan xagaaga iyo jiilaalka. Winter aqoonsan by warqadda W. The sare tirada fasalka, sare ku nafwaayay saliid. The ugu caansan waa saliidaha multigrade. Waxay leeyihiin laba naqshada ah. Had iyo jeer soo saaraha qaarkood lagula talinayaa saliidda engine for matoorada naaftada turbocharger. "Volkswagen", tusaale ahaan, la geeyo Castrol weyn. Talooyin ku saleysan yihiin muuqaalada naqshado engine iyo qabanqaabada saarayaasha ee baabuurta iyo saliidda wada. Waayo, fasal kasta waxay leedahay nafwaayay ugu badnaan.

Qoondaynta by cutubyo naaftada API

kala soocidda Tani waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa ku salaysan tayada: daahirsanaanta nijaasta ahaa, xaddiga danbas. API The cabbeeyo dheecaan galay fasalada soo socda.

S (Service), waa ku haboon yahay matoorada shidaal afar-stroke.

C (Commercial) for matoorada naaftada ah nooca ganacsiga iyo warshadaha, iyo sidoo kale qalabka beeraha iyo dhismaha.

Laba-Warqadda S ama C, A si L macnaheedu waa category ah (hore) iyo heerka hantida (labaad). waxqabadka sare ah, ka fog ee tan iyo bilowgii alifbeetada waa warqaddii labaad.

SG / CD, SJ / CF - waa fasal universal batroolka iyo naaftada matoorada.

EC - waa tayada tamarta lagu badbaadinayo dheeraad ah.

Ina keena aynu deggan dheecaanka cabbeeyo unugyada naaftada. Waxay ku haboon noocyadan soo socda:

• SS aduu matoorrada la boost fudud ama aan sida.
• CD waa engine ee naaftada isku xukun turbo iyo awood sare u baahan in cadaadis ba'an lagama maarmaanka ah iyo antiscaling tayada. Tusaale ahaan, fasalka this saliid ku haboon matoorada naaftada la turbo "Toyota Diesel", RV Gaarka ah.
• CE u baahan tahay turbocharger xoog iyo shaqada ka yar xamuulka aad u sarreeya. Waxay u dhigantaa saliidda engine for matoorada naaftada turbocharger iyo filter particulate ah.
• CF la qalo karaa on a diesels gaari gaari turbocharged.
• CF2 - sifooyinka waafaqsan hore ku daray in a matoorada naaftada laba-stroke.
• CF4 waa version ah fiicnaaday fasalka CE ah.
• CG4 iyo fasalka cusub ee CH4 u dhiganta saliidda engine for matoorada naaftada gaari la turbocharging, taas oo u baahan load a si gaar ah u culus.

ACEA soocidda

Nidaamkan Yurub, si ay u qanciso shuruudaha adag ee loogu talagalay saliidaha motor ka badan hal hore. Wuxuu ka kooban yahay 12 fasal, kuwaas oo loo qaybiyey 3 qaybood meesha:

• Oo matoorada Hawada;
• C - for matoorada naaftada,
• C - for matoorada naaftada, geli heerarka Euro-4;
• E - for matoorada naaftada ganacsi.

lambarada ee qaybaha ay ka dhigan tahay heerka looga baahan yahay. Tirada sare ka dhigan tahay shuruudaha sare. Iyada oo ku saleysan kala soocidda this, waxaa suurtagal ah in "loo xisaabiyo" saliid ku haboon matoorada naaftada turbocharger iyo filter particulate ah. Tani, tusaale ahaan, saliidaha dareere ah ee fasalka C.

gunaanad

Iyada oo ku saleysan ku qorani, waxaa soo socota in waa in aad u hanuuntaan by tiro ka mid ah oo xuduudaheedu, xulashada saliid motor for matoorada naaftada la turbocharging. "Hyundai", "Honda", "BMW" iyo "Mercedes": saaraha wax ku talinaysaa brand saliid gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma aha tilmaanta ugu muhiimsan marka xulashada saliid. talo ugu weyn, taas waa in la raaco - waa si ay u bartaan jilciyaha on-beegyada uu u cayimay in soocidda by saaraha. Markaas, ku xiran sharciyada ee hawlgalka ee naaftada turbo si joogto ah u adeegi doonaa oo dhan waqtiga xadidan.