Robert Fisher: ciyaaryahan unsurpassed ee qarnigii labaatanaad

Robert "Bobby" Fischer (03.09.1943 - 17.01.2008) - Grandmaster chess American, guusha 11 taajkii dunida chess ah, iyo Abuuraha reer version kale oo chess - "960", milkiilaha patent chess cusub saacad "saacad Fischer" la control time. Qaar badan oo ka fiirsada kii ciyaaryahankii ugu weynaa chess iyo buure jeer oo dhan. Bobby Fischer - guuleystay seddexda jeer oo ka mid ah "Chess Oscar" (ka 1970 si ay u 1972 dhanyahay) ee. rating ugu badan ayaa la diiwaan geliyay July ee 1972 - 2785 dhibcood.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka Bobby Fischer

Bishii Maarso 1949, ee Bobby 6-sano jir ah ayaa waxaa marka hore soo bandhigay in chess. The yaalla kowaad waxaa la socotey walaasheed kaweyn Joan. Young Fisher si deg deg ah waxay bilaabeen inay ku dhici jacayl la ciyaarta, waxa ay aheyd wax aan macquul aheyn in ay ilaaliyaan dadka balwada leh si chess. Marka Joan lahaa danta laga badiyay kulanka, waxba Bobby ayaa ka tagay in la sameeyo, sida inuu u ciyaaro isaga qudhiisu ka dhanka ah.

Fadhiya guddiga chess ah saacado on dhamaadka, Robert ma doonayaan in ay bilaabaan samaystaan saaxiibo, isgaarsiinta aadanaha waxaa si fudud ku eeliyey. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay la xiriiraan oo keliya kuwa caruurta ay garanayaan sida loo ciyaaro chess, laakiin sida aan joogay oo dhan ka dhex facooda. Xaalada ayaa aad uga walaacsan hooyadiis - Regina Fischer, waxay cilmi nafsiga ah kuwa sharaxay sida horumarka dalka ee ilmaha u soo jeestay, laakiin Robert ma rabto in aad beddesho.

Ciwaanada ugu horeysay

Soon Robert waxa laga diiwaan geliyay qaybta chess maxaliga ah, oo ay da'diisu ahayd 10 sano, wuxuu qabtay tartankii ugu horeeyay oo waaweyn chess, kaas oo uu ku guuleystay. hadiyadda phenomenal iyo xasuusta fiican u ogolaanaya xawaaraha ugu badan ee Robert dhigi go'aanka saxda ah ee yire. Fischer si joogto ah saxar uu xirfad iyo xitaa si fudud bartay dhowr luqadood oo shisheeye, si xor ah u akhri suugaanta chess ee Isbaanish, Jarmal iyo Serbiyaan uu ahaa. In 1957, Robert Fischer ayaa noqday horyaalka rasmiga chess United States. Noocan ah guusha aan hore arkay 14-sano jir ah ayaa noqday horyaalka ugu da'da yaraa chess ee dalka.

dagaal Chess ee qarnigii labaatanaad

In heerka ugu dambeeya ee Chess World Championship 1972 ee Reykjavik, ayaa la kulmay wakiillo ka socda labada awoodaha hoggaamineed ee dunida - Boris Spassky (USSR) iyo Robert Fisher (USA). Sanduuqa abaalmarinta ciyaarta ahaa 250 kun oo doolar, sida of 1972 qadarka this ahaa rikoor ah tartamada oo dhan ee noocan oo kale ah. Waxa uu ahaa dagaal ah oo mabda 'oo keliya ma aha, waayo, taajkii dunida chess ah, laakiin sidoo kale fikirka siyaasadeed ku dhex Dagaalkii Qaboobaa ah. Kulankii ugu horeeyay ee lagu qabtay on July 11, kaas oo looga adkaaday Boris Spassky, laakiin weli waxaa jira lahaa dhinacyada kulanka iyo labaatan. heerka ugu dambeeya ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey on August 31 dhibco guud ee (12½): (8½) ay guushu ku Maraykanka. Robert Fisher siinayaa taaj chess Maraykanka ah.

Robert Fisher oo gurigiisa lagu celiyay guusha

Haddaba Robert Fischer - ciyaaryahan chess warqad caasimadda ah, oo wuxuu noqday geesi qaranka! Ka dib markii ku guuleystay danta chess horyaalka adduunka ee Maraykanka gaadhay meesha ugu sarreysa. Markaad gurigaaga ku laabato, Madaxweynaha Maraykanka Richard Nixon casuumay chess on casho cilmaani ah ee Aqalka Cad, laakiin waxaa diiday. Fischer ayaa sheegay in aad geesinimo :. "Waan necbahay marka qof u muuqataa in afkayga marka aan wax cuno"

dhaqanka noocan oo kale ah uu sababay lama filaan ah ka mid ah beesha caalamka, laakiin saxaafadda iyo warbaahinta si joogta ah u muujiyaan sasabashada dhinaca kooxda heysata horyaalka cusub. reaction Fisher ee dhacdooyinka u ahayd mid aad u xasilloon, ayuu ku hadhay Nimadooda Darteed iyo madax adag. Robert Fisher ahaa isku wada mid iyadoo fiirogaar ah dadka kale ee ra'yi qof kaas oo ka walaacsan on wada hadal kasta oo ay la saxaafada. Waxa uu bixiyeen heshiisyo ayidaad malaayiin in royalties, laakiin had iyo jeer wuxuu iyaga diiday.

popularization Comprehensive of chess ee West ah si degdeg ah u koray. Robert Fisher xisbiga bartay America ma aha oo kaliya laakiin dunida oo dhan! dadweynaha cilmaani waa diyaar in ay leeyihiin wada hadalka isaga la, iyo qaar kale oo la odhan jiray carruurtooda magiciisa ka dib.