Revolution Dhaqanka ee Shiinaha

Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution - waa tijaabo bulshada, bilaabay in 1966 uu guddoominayay oo ka mid ah CPC, Mao Zedong, lagu doonayo in loo xaqiijiyo in cusub "shidid" ruuxa kacaan iyo Xisbiga "xubno ganacsade" saartaan.

Halka ay Revolution dhaqanka la ogan karo tan iyo bartamihii 1950-, marka Mao si dhab ah ka qeyb galay inay dhibaato in dalka laga hantiwadaagga iska dhaqaaqin oo waa ay ku, "dib u soo celinta shuuciyad." In views uu halgan u dhexeeya fikirka proletarian iyo ganacsade qaatay, qaab cusub uga hornimaadno, ka dib markii lagu reebay fasalada raasammaaliyade.

Mao garawsannay in isha dhaca siyaasadeed Shiinaha ee waa aragtida iyo been anaani of badan oo asxaabta siyaasadeed ee ka yar hantiwadaagga, halganka fasalka uu joogsaday yimid. In aragtidiisa, mas'uuliyiinta xukuumadda ayaa noqotay "class cusub", fog ka tacsida iyo waxgaradka waxay ahaayeen "kafaalaqaade" ganacsade, xitaa qiimaha dhulgoosadka.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Revolution Dhaqanka ee Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale halgan waayo, xoog, kaas oo mustaqbalka Great Badmareenada, takhalusaya xafiiltamaan ee siyaasadeed, isku dayeen in ay dib u kalsoonidii, taas oo uu ku badiyay iyadoo ay sabab u ah fashilaad in siyaasadda ee baxdaa Weyn Forward.

Waxaa loo arki jiray by Mao aalad si ay u abuuraan "jiilka of hadha kacaan" a cusub - kuwa keentay in guusha xisbiga shuuciga ah.

Sida ugu dhakhsaha badan kuwa la rumaysan yahay in ay keentay Shiinaha back to shuuciyad, ayaa laga saaray awood heer kasta ee bulshada, hay'adaha hantiwadaagga bilaabay unit habka a, "jeermiska of shuuciyad." Xeeldheeraashada waxbarashada badalay update in siyaasadeeyo manhajka ku salaysan sax fikradaha iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa siyaasadeed.

Shiinaha waxay leedahay caado dheer "inshe" (burburinta hooskii) by kaas oo qorayaasha isticmaali masaal inuu dhaleeceeyo madaxda sar sare. Dhab ahaantii, kacaanka dhinaca dhaqanka ee Shiinaha bilaabay shaki ah "inshe" ee la xiriirta riwaayadaha taariikhiga "Dismissal of Hai Jui," qoran by taariikhyahan leeyihiin Ghanem, oo wuxuu arkay in middani ay u qaddar ee Marshal Pen Dehuaya, oo la saaray ka dib markii dhaleeceeyay siyaasadaha ay baxdaa Weyn Forward.

Dhab ahaantii, waxa uu ahaa aan macquul ahayn, laakiin Mao loola dhaqmo sheyga la halista laga shakiyo, gaar ahaan tan iyo markii xisbiga bilaabay si ay u sameeyaan kooxaha, ku qanacsanayn siyaasadda ee Mao Zedong. Waxaa la amray in ay si xoog leh wargeysyada madowyahay, magaca qoraaga, taas oo ka dibna xabsiga la dhigay, ka dib markii halkaas oo uu garaacis joogto ah u dhintay. Wu Han ahaa mid ka mid ah dhibanayaasha ugu horeeya ee Kacaanka dhaqanka. In 1979, dhimashada Mao ka dib, uu Ottawa degenaa dayactirey.

Ka dib markii Wu Han Mooyesti xagjirka ah si degdeg ah daahirisay hay'adaha kale "xaq" dhaqanka, iyo masraxa waxay noqotay madal weyn ee "Gang of Afar", jajab Tszyan Tsin (Wasiirka Dhaqanka iyo Mao naagtiisii), si ay u weeraraan horjeeda siyaasadeed.

"Gang of Afar" (Tszyan Tsin, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, Van Hunven leh kooxaha "waxgaradka" u dhow si ay u maareeyaan oo dhan :. istuudiyaha Movie, opera, shirkadaha masraxa, idaacadood oo dhan filimada jir ah ayaa laga saaray oo kaliya kacaanka soo giringiriyey ah ee Shiinaha iyo la xiriira ka. sideed mawduuc ayaa lagu taswiiray filimada, riwaayadaha masrixiyada. tiyaatarada puppet carruurta Xitaa ayaa la xirey ku andacoonaya of counter-kacaan dabeecad. fanaaniin, qorayaasha, farshaxan, ama xidhitaan ama musaafuriyay. troupes magaalada Bekiin ee Opera waxaa lagu kala diro, si AK sida hoos category ah "afar survivals." Red ilaalada buugaag jir gubay, oo burburiyey taxadiri naqshadda, kitaabbadii qadiimiga bakhtiistay, dhoobada tahay jabay. miisaanka The qiimaha dhaqanka ayaa lahagaajin laga badiyay.

Revolution Dhaqanka ee Shiinaha, taas oo uu leeyahay taariikh adag iyo sir ah loo qaybin karaa saddex weji oo waaweyn: a weyn, military iyo isku xigta.

wajiga bulk (1966-1969) - ugu burbur, marka Shiinaha ahaa ee gacanta ee "ilaalada cas" (Red Guard) Ciidamada, abuuray in ka badan 20 milyan oo ardayda dugsiyada sare iyo ardayda. Waxay ku jawaabay in wicitaanka ee Mao ayaa "ka dhigi kacaanka" muujiyeen qiiro cajiib ah in search of "cadaawayaashiinna class" meel kasta oo ay qarineyseen. Marka marxaladdan, inta badan oo ka mid ah kooxda ay xafiiltamaan siyaasadeed Mao lagu afgembiyey ee madaxda sare ee awoodda, ay ka mid yihiin Madaxweynaha Shiinaha Lyu Shaotsi.

wajiga Military (1969-1971) bilaabay ka dib markii Liberation Army Shacabka ayaa gaaray meel adag siyaasadda dalka Shiinaha, cabirayaan, ansixinta ee Mao ayaa fowdo Red ilaalada. Waxaa dhamaaday isku day ku eedeeyay afgambi bishii September 1971-kii dhaxalka lahaa cadhaysan in Mao, Wasiirka Difaaca Lin Biao.

Isbaddel Phase (1972-1976) - an siyaasad iyo fikradeed "xooggu dagaalka" degdeg ah u dhexeeya fikirka xagjirka ah iyo kaadiriinta jir ah, uu go'aansado inuu joojiyo ama sii siyaasadaha of Revolution dhaqanka. Colaadda waa halgan adag, inta lagu guda jiro taas oo dalka si joogto ah orday labada hoggaamiye weyn ee CCP ah - Guddoomiyaha Mao iyo Premier Zhou Enlai. dhinta gaaray waxaa lagu tuuray markii xubnaha "Gang of Afar" (bil dhimashada Guddoomiyaha Mao ka dib), isbahaysi ka mid ah madaxda dhexdhexaad ah ayaa la qabtay bishii October 1976. Revolution Dhaqanka ee Shiinaha ayaa la rumeysan yahay in ay ka badan lagu xiray oo ka mid ah "Gang of Afar".