Relativity Guud: ka cilmi aasaasiga ah codsiyada la taaban karo

Aragti Gaarka ah iyo guud of relativity - mid ka mid ah guulaha ugu fiican oo fikirka ah aadanaha. Waxay la diyaariyey bilowga ah ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay iyo qayb ka mid ah horumar degdeg ah a hal aadanaha ee fahamka dabeecadda dunida ahaayeen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, u dhaxeeya uu jiro farqi u duwanyihiin, taas oo ah in aragtida ah marka hore, in kastoo lid ku fikradaha caadiga ah, waxay ahayd natiijo macquul ah ee guud ee xaqiiqooyinka dheehidda. relativity Guud sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa wax soo saarka ee tijaabo fikir. Dhab ahaantii, waxa uu ahaa feat dhab ah aqooneed ee ay abuure, jirka dadka Jarmalka Alberta Eynshteyna.

Albert Einstein la daabacay shuqulkiisa, oo hore u ahaa diyaariyey aragtida guud ee relativity, 1915 .. Sida aad u badan oo ah physics casriga ah, aragtida this horjeedda fikradaha our dareen leh oo ku saabsan dunida. Ray Dinverno yiri: "Run ahaantii, u boodboodi caqliga qaaday in Einstein in ay ka yimaadeen relativity gaar ah si guud - mid ka mid ah ugu fiicnaa ee taariikhda aadanaha ...". qudhiisa Eynshtneyn warqad uu u diray saaxiibkiisii ah ayaa qirtay: "weligay ma aan shaqeeyay xoojinta sida ... Marka la barbar dhigo aragtida guud ee relativity, aragtida ah ee asalka ah - waa ilmahaaga play ...".

Sida laga soo xigtay aragtida gaarka ah ee relativity, waqti iyo meel aan ahayn walxaha madax banaan. On lid ku ah, oo iyagu waa daliilka kala duwan ee hal mar meel bannaan. Xiriirka u dhexeeya waqti iyo meel isuduwaha for Click here to tixraaca kala duwan la velocities kala duwan u dhaqaaqin. Tani, gaar ahaan, waxay keenaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in laba dhacdo in muuqan isku mar ka mid ah observer dhici kara waqtiyo kala duwan ee kale ee.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aragti taasi ma sharxi dabiiciga ah ee ay ciidamada ee soo jiidashada. Tani waxay ka dhigtay aragtida guud ee relativity. Postulates waxa, marka lagu daro asaaska aragti gaar ah ku jira ra'yigaa ee xidhiidhka ka sooci karo ee arrinta iyo wakhti-bannaan. Waxay sheegtay in ciidanka of cuf sabab u dhaf ah ee bannaan, waxa ka dhacaya agagaarka walxaha wax. In si kale loo dhigo, arrin, meel muujinaysaa sida loo qalooca, iyo meel arrinta sheegayaa sida ay u guuraan.

Sidaas darteed, aragtida this siinayaa sawir buuxa, taas oo foomamka-time meel masrax jiritaanka arrinta, iyo, Dhanka kale, arrinta go'aamiso hantida.

Fikradda guud ee relativity - rukunka ah sayniska aasaasiga ah. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, iyada waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Nobel Prize ee 1993 oo keliya. Waxay heshay jaamacadaha UCLA Halz iyo Taylor sharaxaad of horusocodka ee pulsar ku binary - nidaam oo ka kooban laba xiddigood neutron. More dhawaan, in 2011, Nobel Prize kale waxaa la gudoonsiiyey oo uu ka qayb qaateen in aragtida ah ee cosmology iyo Fasiraadda u ballaarinta caalamka ee.

Oo in kastoo ay tahay saamaynta dayac on Earth iyo meel u dhow-Earth boos, waxa ay leedahay a codsiyada la taaban karo oo aad u muhiim ah. Waxaa hubaal ah, ugu muhiimsan ee iyaga ka mid ah - waa habka of meelaynta aduunka, sida GPS American iyo GLONASS Ruushka. Marka laga reebo saameynta aragtida relativity, nidaamyadan noqon lahaa ugu yaraan amar of magnitude yar sax ah. Sidaas darteed, haddii aad - milkiilaha telefoonka nidaamka GPS ah, aragtida guud ee relativity kuu shaqeeya on.