Quudinta bees sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha: xeerarka iyo Joogaba,

In beekeeper a - tani ma aha oo kaliya sayniska gaar ah, laakiin sidoo kale farshaxanka khiyaano. tallaabo kasta oo muhiim ah, tallaabo kasta oo weeyaan horumarinta guul of apiary ama khasaaraha of deegaanada shinni. Mid ka mid ah caqabadaha ugu adag jeeda beekeeper ah - wintering bees. Mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee qaboobaha guul - quudinta ee sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha. About Joogaba, kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo, Wakhtiga iyo heer kulka of quudinta ee Feeders loogu talagalay this la sii hadli doonaa.

Terms of bees quudinta

Ka hor inta beekeeper ah wuxuu leeyahay laba ujeedo oo waaweyn:

• qoysaska Bee si ay u bixiyaan xaaladaha nolosha caadiga ah oo looga hortago cudurada of horumarinta bees.
• Hesho dhalidda sare ee alaabta kaydsiga. Tani waxaa lagu gaari karaa oo kaliya haddii shuruudaha aasaasiga ah, cayayaanka waa in ay helaan nafaqada ee inta loo baahan yahay.

Si arrintan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay si ay u hubiyaan deegaanada shinnida saddex xaaladaha:

1. laaluush Spring waa inay caawiyaan horumarinta bees macne weyn oo xoog badan.

2. Chief of laaluush waa in la kordhiyay wakhtiga oo la taaban karo ee mugga, si bees ku ool ah u isticmaali karaan alaabta apiculture.

3. laaluush Dayrta waa in la talagalay in lagu kordhiyo iyo horumarinta ee xoogga gumeysi shinnida.

Features of quudinta dayrta-qaboobaha

Haddii deegaanada shinni malab dabiiciga ah ee cuntada kuma filna, waxaa la samayn waa in bacarimiso sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha. Xeerarka lagu maamulo ay anshaxa qaab dhismeedka waqti gaar ah:

1. Tan iyo August waa bilowdo quudinta ee sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha. The Joogaba, ee sharoobada sonkorta: 1 kg ee sonkor ah - 1.5 litir oo biyo ah. Qayb loogu isticmaalo maalin kasta - ilaa 300 garaam halkii rugta. sharoobada waxaa loogu talagalay bees ka weyn, taas oo, u shaqayn qaboobaha engegay.

2. saldhig qaboobaha waa in diyaar u noqon by September. Haddii deegaanada waqtigan weli dareemaan baahida loo qabo in ay ku quudiyaan, fiirsashada sharoobada waa in la kordhiyaa. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, a bees Bacarimiso sharoobada soo socda sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha: 3 2 - ratio of sonkorta iyo biyaha. Sidoo kale waxay kordhisaa xaddiga qiyaasta maalin kasta quudin - ilaa saddex litir. Tani waa lagama maarmaan ah in si deg deg ah ka buuxin unugyada.

3. cuntada Winter waa quudinta joogta ah la malab ama sharoobada sonkorta ee fiirsashada aad u yar. Daily Qiyaasta - 15-30 grams.

4. Marka isu suuris ah uu dhamaado in jir awlallada malabka ku shub sharoobada diiran iyo saaray qaab dhismeedka ee rugta ah, halkaas oo pre-nadiifiyaa cell madhan. Markaas waxaad u baahan tahay in ay dib-u-dhigi ningax ee rugta ah.

bees Quudinta dayrta

Dayrta. Gaaritaanka guryaha shinnida wintering u baahan sahayda badalkooda, maxaa yeelay hore ee aan firfircooneyn iyo aad u adag in muddo ah deegaanada shinni - qaboobaha, iyadoo lagu daabacay iyo ruthlessness oo dhan. si guul ah in bees iyada ka badbaaday ay diyaar u baxaan in ay soo saaraan wax Ishu ku-gal, iyo alaabta apiculture, u baahan tahay in si fiican oo dhakhso ah u noqon si ay isugu diyaariyaan xilliga qaboobaha.

Quudinta bees sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha ka caawisaa si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatooyin dhowr ah:

• si ay u diyaariyaan kaydka calafka lagama maarmaan haddii deegaanada shinnida aan awoodin in ay qabsadaan hawsha isu this;
• magdhabo malab, taas oo laga noqday dhamaadka socodka weyn ee malab la barwaaqaysan;
• bedeli malab la crystallization deg deg ah oo sharoobada malab dibadeed ah oo tayo sare leh;
• gabyi doonaa bees hab oo daaweyn iyo ka-hortag, haddii ay noqotay mid lagama maarmaan ah.

Wixii ah calafka qaboobaha wax ku ool ah loo arko malab ugu fiican ee dabiiciga ah, ubaxa suurad wacan. Laakiin ma uusan had iyo jeer ka heli si ay u tago bees ah. Xaaladdan oo kale waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u xalliyaan su'aasha ah ee sida podkormlivat sharoobada sonkorta bees.

Sida loo sameeyo sharoobada?

Waa arrin aad u muhiim ah in ay ku dhacaan si looga hortago in qiimo xoogan oo bees, waxaa muhiim ah si loo badbaadiyo tamarta, oo cayayaan ku dhegi polysaccharides iyo gacanta laga shaabadeeyey. Waxay leeyihiin in ay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah shaqada lagama maarmaanka ah samayn. In habkan, waxay u baahan yihiin caawin beekeeper ah - waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u bixiyaan bees quudinta sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha, waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay isticmaalaan Joogaba, soo socda: sonkorta 3 kg, 2 litir oo biyo ah. Tani waxay ku siin doonaa xalka ugu raaxo falanqeeyo ee deegaanada shinni - 64%.

Mid ka mid ah soo saaridda sharoobada muuqashadii:

1. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay qaataan sonkorta, hubi inaad Nuur.
2. Ku shub biyo weel nadiif ah iyo isku kari ah.
3. Ku shub sonkorta ee biyaha karkaraya galay iyo walaaq si uu u milmo.
4. Waxaa suurto gal ah (laakiin aan loo baahan yahay) in la keeno sharoobada kari a oo markiiba ka saar kulaylka. Ahaan uu u soo saarka karaya sharoobada, sababtoo ah haddii sonkorta ku gubi doonaa, waxa ay noqon doontaa istimaalaynin for bees.
5. Qabooji sharoobada 30 digrii iyo qaybiyo bees. deegaanada shinnida sharoobada Cold ayaa diidan in ay qaataan.

Waxaa jira waqtiyo muhiim ah in habka diyaarinta sharoobada ah, kuwaas oo aad u baahan tahay inaad bixiso si ay fiiro:

1. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo biyo jilicsan. Xaqiiqada ah in biyo adag kordhiyaa heerka of sharoobada crystallization. Haddii qaaday saldhig ahaan biyo adag, marka hore loo baahan yahay si ay u degaan ka dibna kaliya bilowdo hawsha samaynta sharoobada.
2. In si ay u soo sharoobada sonkorta si dabeecadda acidic of malab ubaxa, sharoobada waa ku shub acid acetic (70%) in saamiga oo sonkor ah halkii kg - 0.3 grams. saamiga ku soo dejin doono faa'iidooyinka dheeraad ah - siin saamaynta ka hortagga ah ee nosema.

tiro ka mid ah cuntada - fure u overwintering guul

deegaanada Bee waa in la siiyaa cuntada ee lacagta ah oo awood u siin doona shinnida kasta si guul overwinter. Laakiin waxaa suurto gal ma aha had iyo jeer in si sax ah loo xisaabiyo lacagta loo baahan yahay feed this. Xaaladdan oo kale, hab ku haboon - in la siiyo cunto ee u tiro badan. Haddii cuntada looma isticmaalo in ka buuxa, waxa ay noqon doontaa suurto gal ah in aad dalbato guga ee qoysaska shinnida.

Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ogaado in, by bixinta bees quudinta sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha, waxa loo baahan yahay si ay u xisaabiso saamiga of feed in ay reer Rooma u shinni, gaar ahaan, iyada oo xisaabta arrimo gaar ah:

• taas oo meesha waa apiary ee Koonfurta jiilaalka gaaban, sidaas darteed, gobollada sida ku yaalla koonfurta of kaydka feed waa in ka yar;
• maraa haddii wintering waddada ama in Zimovniki: haddii bees ee xilliga qaboobaha on wadada, waxay u baahan tahay cunto ka badan inta lagu jiro xilliga qaboobaha ee omshanike;
• xoog qoyska: qoyska, wintering, tusaale ahaan, sideed qaabka loo baahan yahay in kaydka carbohydrate ka sii badan intii qoyska in ay qabtaan xilliga qaboobaha ee shan loox.

Frames in loo xiraa ee Afyare qaboobaha, feed waa in ku jiraan in ka badan laba kiilo guud ahaan 9-15 cuntada kg. beekeepers Qaar ka mid ah, la siiyo talo ku saabsan sida si loo hubiyo in sharoobada sonkorta bees quudinta ee xilliga qaboobaha, waxaa lagula talinayaa in ay kor u sahay cunto 30 kg.

In si ay u dib u sharoobada sonkorta, shinni ku qaataan tamarta ee u tiro badan, si qayb ka mid ah cuntada la geeyo soo kabashada ee tamarta bixisay. Marka tan la eego, unugyada ma sharoobada oo dhan uu dib loo. Sidoo kale waa in la tixgeliyo marka jawaabay su'aasha ah ee sida podkormlivat sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha.

Marka si bacrimin?

beekeepers laylis waxaa inta badan ka walaacsan su'aasha ah markii bacarimiso bilowday bees sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha ku saabsan. aan ka dambayn 10-ka September, laga bilaabo geedi socodka - - August, muddadaas waqti waxaa nidaaminaya dhamaadka laaluush ugu weyn iyo joojinta shubto ee malab Terms dhammaystirka hannaanka waa in ay isku mid noqdaan.

Sababtuna waxay tahay, in inta lagu guda jiro howsha sharoobada dhici bees ay xirtaan. Sidaas darteed, kuwa cayayaanka in reprocesses, ilaa guga ma awoodi doonaan si ay u noolaadaan. Badbaadaan jiilaalka kaliya bees dhalinyaro ah oo joogay ee socota ee cidla ah dayrta.

Haddii habka quudinta ka dhici doona inta lagu guda jiro bisha oo dhan September, waxa ay u muuqan karaan laba dhibaatooyin halis ah,

1) in geeddi-socodka ah ee ka baaraandegidda sharoobada ku biiri doonaan bees dhalinyaro ah, waxay sidoo kale xiran on processing ee feed iyo ma noolaan doonaa xilliga qaboobaha.

2) Haddii nectar sharoobada qulquli doonaa Afyare muddo dheer, ilmo galeenka ku qaadan doonaa sida calaamadda in laaluushka socday, iyo waxa ay noqon doontaa dixiri, taas oo ah, jiifay ukunta more muddo dheer. bees, sababtoo ah cimilada qabow joogto dhawaan soo baxay waqti si aad flyby marka hore ma yeelan doonaan, sida ka dib ka soo baxay dhashii. Waxay ka tagi doono rugta ee saxarada, iyo bees noqon mid ah unugyadan in ay qaataan malab. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa ay keeni kartaa in muuqaalka kore ee nosema.

Natiijadan ayaa waxa ay noqon doontaa musiibo - qoyska way baabbi'i doontaa.

Haddii wax walba si sax ah sameeyo, waqti marka cuntada waa wanaagsan oo ku filan, socodka nectar ka joojin doonaa, ilmo galeenka istaago ukunta udubdhexaadka ahayd.

Gunaanadka waa cad yahay: quudinta ee sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha waa in la fuliyaa ku jira marxaladaha hore. quudinta habboon iyo raadka wanaagsan ee jiilka ka yar, oo cusub ah, maxaa yeelay, cayayaan yar yar uma baahna in ay qaataan dadaalada on baxaya jiilka xiga.

Waa maxay nooca la shekeysan shimbir aad doorato?

Shekeysan for bees ay u baahan yihiin in ay ku quudiyaan deegaanada shinnida. Marka ay timaado in jidka in quudinta bees la sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha, quudinta mudan yihiin fiiro gaar ah. In mara kaydsiga casriga ah waa element ah ee rugta ah. In the beeraha shinnida shaqsi doorashada waa beekeeper a.

Feeders iman in noocyo badan oo ay ku rakiban yihiin siyaabo kala duwan:

• shekeysan Framework. sanduuqa yar yar oo cabbirkooda oo qoryo ama caag laga sameeyey, oo waa inay awoodaan inay dareeraha. Width waa ka weyn yahay width ee rugta jir ah, sidaas darteed u dooda guriga shinnida. sharoobada waa daadanayaa dhex masaf galay jir ah, oo markaas waa in laga lalmiyaa in shinni ku dhow buulkeedii.
• Letkovye Feeders. Prilotnoy rakibay on board, shubaa weel ah rogay cunto ka buuxsamay.
• Feeders Capacitive. Liquid ceshan vacuo. Waxaa go'an on bees ah, sharoobada ka godad yaryar u dhaco. Sida berkedihii, kuwaas oo loo isticmaali karaa bangiyada.
• Shekeysan Miller. Dhajinta on top of rugta la siiyaa taxadir habboon ee. aqbasho An for bees.
• Fur mara. Weelasha Open taas oo sharoobada loo daadshay. Waxay la dhigay meel u dhow meesha laga galo si ay rugta ka.
• Shekeysan-huuri. ka plywood dhigay, waxaa loo isticmaalaa iyadoo mugga sare ah oo qabaal ku-foosto furan.
• shekeysan hoose. derbiga bar-qaybintii Wooden waxa uu ku yaalaa gudaha rugta u dhow meesha laga galo. Farqiga u keentay waxaa ka buuxsamay sharoobada.

Feeders ee baakadaha

Waxaa suurto gal ah si ay u bixiyaan bees quudinta sharoobada sonkorta qaboobaha in a bacaha jiinyeer caag ah. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa bacaha balaastikada ah ee ugu badan, laakiin tayo fiican leh - waa muhiim si looga fogaado in la dillaacaan ee baakada.

sharoobada waxaa ku shubtay galay xirmooyin, oo bees ka nuugaan dhex jeexay sameeyey daab af badan. Marka shubay sharoobada xirmo ayaa la qaboojiyey, ka hawada xirmo xad-dhaaf ah looga sii daayay iyo tolmuhu xidhmo kor sharoobada ilaa 3 sentimitir. Jeexay baakadaha aysan qaban karin, tan iyo markii bees waxay isku ruugi karo filimka khafiif ah, helitaanka si ay u quudiyaan. Baakado ay kaalinta on qataarrada qaab sare. Markaas geeliso bac rusheeyey sharoobada diyaar, soo bandhigtay Garaacood, halkaas oo jiito.

berkeddii la isticmaali karaa marka heerkulku daarmayaay'e hooseeyo, sababtoo ah waxaa laftiisa maraysa qoyska shinnida. Qiyaasta loo isticmaalo ee sharoobada sonkorta waqti la siin waa iyada oo la tixgelinayo ciidamada ee deegaanada shinnida. Sidaas daraaddeed, qoyska shinnida, ayaa xoog weyn, baaraandegi karin sharoobada ee lacagta ah ee ilaa 6 litir oo hal habeen, waxay taasi yareyn doonaa caddadka guga.

Qiimaha Feeders sida ka kooban yahay oo keliya qiimaha baakada. khasaare oo kaliya waa in baakadaha kuwaas waxaa loo isticmaali karaa hal mar oo keliya, iyo inay ku bedesho mid cusub ayaa loo baahan yahay si ay u dhibin gumeysi shinnida.

Khasabka bacarimiso ee xilliga qaboobaha

Mararka qaarkood dhamaadka bisha Janaayo waxaa loo baahan yahay si ay u fuliyaan Bacarimiso dheeraad ah ee xilliga qaboobaha. quudinta Tani - waa tallaabo lagu qasbay oo aan la jecel yahay.

Waayo, beekeepers laylis, su'aasha ah ee sida loo quudiyo ee sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha, edbinta ma noqon doonto dhiibida:

1. Haddii ay jirto baahi ah in la qabto labiska xaalad deg deg ah, ka dibna si loo yareeyo saameynta xun ee waa in ay joojiyaan doorashada on feed sida in uusan keeni excitation aan loo baahnayn ee qoyska shinnida iyo ma keeni doontaa shuban ah.
2. Siinta cuntada, waa in aad ku dhibin inta kale ee kooxda, iyo haddii ay suurtagal tahay in ay ka fogaadaan heerka labaad ka soo rugta qoyska shinnida.
3. quudinta Winter waxaa sida ugu wanaagsan sameeyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo feed cufan: nacnac sonkorta ama macmacaanka. Waxay waxaa la geeyaa kor kooxda shinnida.
4. Haddii aad u baahan tahay bees Bacarimiso sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha, heerkulka at kaas oo aad samayn kartaa - waa arrin muhiim ah. labiska noocan oo kale noqon doono mid guuleysta haddii heerkulka Zimovniki 3 ilaa 5 ^o C.
5. Sugar heerkulka sharoobada of 25-30 ^{° C} waxaa ka buuxsamay bangiyada cell-shekeysan, la shekeysan dhismo oo meel ku dhow bees kooxda, dedaan saqafka iyo rugta dahaaran.
6. Haddii kul hoose ka dhigi wax aan macquul ahayn quudinta Zimovniki, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay u guuraan qoyska shinnida maalin qol gaar ah loo diyaariyey madow meesha heerkulka uu yahay ²⁵ ° C. Tani waxay shidaa bees ah in kooxda ka tago qaboobaha oo si firfircoon u kala bixin ee guud ahaan aagga of buulkeedii raadinaya cunto.
7. Ka dib markii maalin ka mid ah deegaanada shinni ku soo laabtay winterer adkaysan, iyo in ay meel keeno xisbiga cusub u baahan yahay labiska a.

Sugar sharoobada - wintering guul

Quudinta bees sharoobada sonkorta ee xilliga qaboobaha noqon doono mid guuleysta haddii karbaashkuna fursad u leeyihiin inay si fiican u baran doonaa.

Inta lagu jiro quudinta waa in la dhasha maskaxda ku haysaa in tiro cayiman oo bees sinaba halligmi ama ka tago rugta ah. Oo adkaadeen cimilada, waxa ay u badantahay in ay yaanay ka hallaabin. Sababtuna waxay tahay, in bees waxaa lagu si xun u gartay duulaankii ee dhulkooda shakhsiyeed. Iska ilaali khasaaraha waa macquul, laakiin ay loo yareeyo.

Si taas loo sameeyo waa in si sax ah bacarimiso sharoobada sonkorta bees ee xilliga qaboobaha, xeerarka quudinta waa in la raaco, iyada oo la tixgelinayo lacagta loo baahan yahay ee sharoobada sonkorta iyo la tixgelinayo waqtiga iyo quudinta heerkulka. Oo kaliya haddii xaaladaha oo dhan si aad u hesho malab tayo leh, iyo bees noqon doonaa macne.