Pentameter - waxaa ... iambic, trochee, amphibrach

In this article, waxaan kuu sheegi doonaa saabsan pentameter ah, iyo qiyaas kale oo gaaban gabay. Waxaan marka hore la qeexo fikradaha muhiimka ah in loo isticmaali doono qoraalka.

laxanka waa qaab-dhismeedka codka taas oo uu leeyahay line aayadda. Tani waa dalbashada guud hadalka gabay. Meter waa kiis gaar ah laxanka. iskhilaafka Tani waxay si joogto ah dhawaaqyada unstressed oo carabka ku adkeeyay (awoodda iyo taag) in maansadu, nidaamka guud ee ay laxanka dhawaaqa.

Size waa hab urur gaar ah codka ah gabayo, kiiskan gaarka ah aynu hore u tilmaamay mitir. Tusaale ahaan, iambus aragti ahaan waxaa ka mid ah fursadaha ka odnostopnogo in dvenadtsatistopnogo oo lacag la'aan ah. Size ee versification syllabic, waxaynu go'aamin karnaa in tirada dhawaaqyo in tonic ah - ka fiirsaneysa tirada walaaca, iyo syllabic-tonic iyo a ton - (. Iambic, trochee, amphibrach et al) tirada cagaha iyo mitir.

Asalkeeda ee erayga "pentameter"

Jawaabaha su'aalaha ku saabsan asalka ah ee muddada xiiso. Erayga "pentameter" - waa magaca ah qalab muusig Giriigga ee hore. Waxaa loola jeedaa in dissyllabic ton classical, foot trehmornuyu fudud (dhawaaq + dheer gaaban). tonic prosody The syllabo- (Ruush, tusaale ahaan) - a + dhawaaq unstressed. Sidoo kale loo yaqaan aayadda iambic, kaas oo ka kooban mitir iambic.

Asalkeeda lama si sax ah la aasaasay. aflagaado Iambic, sida aynu ognahay, waa qayb muhiim ah oo dabaal bacriminta gaarka ah, kaas oo lagu qabtay sharaf of Demeter.

Ereygan waxa uu la xidhiidhaa magaca Iambs, gabadh Kehl, boqorkii Eleusinian. Sida laga soo xigtay quraafaad ah, gabadhii gabayo fisqi dhiirranaadeen Demeter, kuwaas oo inconsolably meel kasta baadhi gabadheeda Persephone. Waxa kale oo suuragal ah in magaca Yamba - echo ereyga qadiimiga ah la macnaha fisqi.

Pentameter in Qarniyadii

In gabayada ee Qarniyadii hore noocyada ugu badan ee iambic ahaa trimeter iyo Sénart. Senart ka mid ah lix feet iambic. Nooca labaad, trimeter uu sidoo kale leeyahay oo la yiraahdo (dipodies cagta double) lagu daro lix feet iambic, oo waxa ay u qaybsamaan laba laba. Laba dhawaaqyo fudud versification qaraami bedeli kara a mid culus, iyo qeybsanaan, waxay noqon kartaa mid adag tahay in la bedelo labada sambabada. In ku dhaqanka dhabta ah, ka weeyn this waxa uu ku dhashay kala duwan weyn ee gabayada iambic. Gabayo qoraal ah size data, waxay ahayd sida qof kasta oo kale oo ku saabsan hadalka maalin kasta oo si asal ahaan loo isticmaalo oo aan ku sifayn ku Tacaddi, iyo jilidda riwaayadaha iyo lyrics (in majaajilooyin, musiibooyin, sheekooyin).

In Greek ton iambus - dissyllabic stop ka kooban dhawaaq koowaad iyo labaad gaaban dheer. Waxa aanu u qaadan sal anakrusy muusikada oo Gariigta ah ee qadiimiga ah, iyo si laxanka ahaa mid ka sii weynaydba (ie iambic) ama hoos u (ie trochaic).

Pentameter iyo ferrets

Pentameter iyo ferrets ee tubta hore si wadajir ah u yeedhay stop ah in laxanka iambic ku salaysan in pentameter ahaa inta badan soo noqnoqda (oo ilaa hadda la kulmay) ka badan ferrets.

Ferrets - waxay sidoo kale waa erey Giriig ah oo ka soo jeeda erayga "habayn qoob ka" ah, iyo sidoo kale tilmaamaya "size", "cag qasiidooyinka." Aayaddan waxa uu syllabic-tonic inta badan la isticmaalo - iyo shestistopny chetyrehstopnym, iyo bartamihii qarnigii 19aad bilaabmaa in lagu dabaqo sida trochee iambic.

Oo pentameter, iyo ferrets waa mitir binary. In chorea xooga waa ku dhawaaq ugu horeysay ee iambic ah - on labaad.

Saddex-dhawaaq dhinacyada gabay

tirada Dissyllabic aan dib loo eego. Haddaba dhawr eray oo ku saabsan saddex dhawaaq. Amphibrach ka kooban yahay saddex feet, iyada oo lahjadda ku dhawaaq ugu horeysay. Cabbirka ugu badan ee aayadda gudaha accentual-syllabic - chetyrehstopnym (horraantii qarnigii 19aad), iyo sidoo kale trehstopny (tan iyo bartamihii qarnigii 19-ka). Dactyl - sidoo kale waa mitir Woodward, laakiin lahjadda on hore iyo anapaest - la soo dhaafay oo saddex ah.

Pentameter suugaanta Ruush

Xusuuso waxay marka hore waxaa ka mid ah in dalka our suugaanta ku, waxaan ka heli in in 1619 buugga la daabacay ee Smotritsky cinwaan looga dhigay "Grammar ...". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, poetics muddo, taas oo loola jeedaa size gaar ah aayaddan, iambic bilaabay in ay u muuqdaan in dalkeenna oo kaliya ka dib markii shaqada af qabatay V. Trediakovskij. No gabayo in sillabistov qoran size xogta Ruush. In Russia aayaadka ugu horeysay iambic la abuuray Trediakovskij.

Pentameter oo intaasu waxay ahayd chetyrehstopnym. Markaas size ee isticmaalka dhaqan waxaa sii waday. Tusaale ahaan, Lomonosov kooban ODE ah oo loo isticmaalo pentameter - gabayo ka go'an in ay qaadato Khotin, qalcadda Turkish.

tetrameter iambic

Ilaa maantadan la joogo, oo dhan tirada iambic in gabayada Ruush waa jecel - waxaa chetyrehstopnym. Qiyaastii 80-85 boqolkiiba ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu gudaha gabayo qoran by. Tani size of aayadda ayaa helay taageero ballaadhan oo aan aad u badan sababta oo ah foomka weel jiibta, kaas oo laga soo qaatay hadalka gabay ee Ruush, laakiin sababta oo ah xeerkii aasaasay of isticmaalka mass nidaamsan mid ah gabayayaashiinnu weyn ugu horeysay - V. Petrov, M. Lomonosov, Derzhavin, iyo wax yar ka dib, iyo A. Pushkin iyo E. Baratynsky (eeg. photo).

Waxa kale oo jiray caanka ah ee qarniyadii 19-18 oo hore shestistopny iambus lagu gartaa laxanka rasmi ah oo siman. Waa yar aqbalay ee lyrics Ruush, laakiin riwaayadaha masrixiyada - size aayadda qaadanin (la maqan yahay iyo mijana). ka reeban waa "Waxaa iska hoogay ka Wit" Griboyedov, iyo sidoo kale riwaayadaha ah "isu ekaysiiyaan" ka qalin ee M. Lermontov, kuwaas oo ku qoray aayadda free. size pentameter of Futurists ah, wayna heleen arrin naadir ah, waxaa lagu gartaa mucaaradka si adag dhaqdhaqaaqyo kala duwan gomofonicheskih iyo hodonimada qabtay. iambic Iamb loo adeegsaday gabayo, lagu gartaa qaab adag, sida Shemiiniid ah, Sonnet et al. trehstopny waxay jeelyihiin in dhif ah (inta badan gabayaaga la xidhiidha muddada saddexaad ee hore ee qarnigii 19aad). Inta badan horumaray aragti suugaanta stihovedcheskoy waa tetrameter iambic. Waa in la ogaadaa laga yaabaa in baaritaano Shengeli B. Tomaszewski, A. White.

Ma jiraan dvustopnye iyo odnostopnye iambic in versification syllabic-tonic?

Dvustopnyh iyo iambs odnostopnyh kajirin sababtoo ah waa wax aan macquul aheyn rhythmological: khayaal ama odnostopnosti dvustopnosti abuuray sabab u mijana u gaabshay. Tusaale ahaan, gabayaa Bryusov si qalad ah la rumeysan yahay odnostopnymi iambs uu gabay.

Pentameter dhab ahaa amphibrach. Waxay u badan tahay dhacay ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in haddii record aayadahan ciyaaray on heesaha khadadka oo kala duwan, waxaad ka heli la mid ah muuqaal odnostopnogo pentameter.

Mnogostopnye iambic

pentameter Shestistopny - sida caadiga ah waa shestidolnik labaad anakruzy monosyllabic.

Mnogostopnye inta badan ayaa loogu talagalay Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym.

Waxa lagu murmi karaa in isaga ka hor ma jirin pentameter iambic. Gabayga (iambic) "Gabrieliad The" - shaqo ugu horeysay u qoran by. Alexander ahayd mid aad u rigoristichen ee la xiriirta wax walba oo ka walaacsan hordhaca ah ee aayadda ah ee afka lagaga hadlo. Waxaa cajiib ah in saffarro ka hadlay Cantemir mahadda waxaa sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in uu aayadda ku hadlaan luuqada jeer casriga qaaday isaga.

Analogs size iambic in gabayada qoom

In kasta oo baaxadda pentameter la soo saarin in suugaanta ee u habaynta iyo University Trediakovsky mahad Soviet, gabayo dad ayaa si madax-bannaan ee saameynta ay buugaag ama cabbir asalka galbeed, ka mid ah taas oo ay jirto si rasmi ah u dhow chetyrehstopnym ku iambic horumariyo. Markaasuu wuxuu u yeedhay labaad chetyrehdolnik. Aayaddan, gabay la qoray, abuuray Nekrasov, cinwaan looga dhigay "Yaa Joogo Well in Russia".